中考二轮专题复习学案.docx

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中考二轮专题复习学案-------简单句班级_______ 姓名___________ v 考点1 陈述句 v 陈述句是用于陈述事实和观点的句子。包括肯定结构和否定结构。肯定句变否定句的基本方法如下： v 1．be 动词的否定式：在be动词后面加否定词not。如：We are classmates. 改为否定句We __________ ___________ classmates. v 2．情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后面直接加否定词not。如： I can speak English well 改为否定句I___________ ___________ speak English well v 3．实义动词的否定式：借助助动词do/ does构成。一般现在时的句子结构为：主语＋doesn't/don't ＋动词原形＋其他。如：He does exercise every day.改为否定句He_________ ________ exercise every day. v 注意have的用法，完成时中的have是助动词，还用have，其他情况下皆用do的适当形式。 v 将下列各句改为否定句。 Look, I have wings, just like you Look, I ____________ ________________wings, just like you. I have to look after her at home. I ______________ ______________to look after her at home. Great changes have taken place the last two years. Great changes ___________ ___________taken place the last two years. v 考点2 疑问句疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。 v 1．一般疑问句：通常用来询问一件事情是否属实。答句通常是“Yes”或“No”。如：把下列各句改为一般疑问句。 1. All of us realized the importance of keeping the air clean. ________ all of us the importance of keeping the air clean? 2. Mr Brown spent a lot of money on the new coat. _________ Mr Brown spend _________ money on the new coat? v 2．选择疑问句：指提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择。如：Shall we go home or stay here for the night? 我们回家还是待在这里过夜？ v 3．特殊疑问句：以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。就划线部分提问 1. I have always been busy because I have to do a lot of work. ________ ________ you always been busy? 2. I have been to Canada twice. How ________ ________ have you been to Canada ? 3. I've really enjoyed swimming in winter since I was twenty. ________ _______have you really enjoyed swimming in winter? 4. The meeting started at 7:00. _______ _______did the meeting start? 5. John took part in the English contest last month. _______ _______John take part in last month? 6. The red bike belongs to my uncle. _______ ________belongs to your uncle? 7.1 paid two thousand yuan for this new camera. _______ ________did you pay for this new camera? v 4．反意疑问句：反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，由两部分组成，前一部分是对事物的陈述(即陈述句)，后一部分是简短的提问(即简短疑问句)，中间用逗号隔开。要遵循“前否后肯”、“前肯后否”的原则，且两部分的人称和时态要一致。 v (1)陈述部分为Let us…时，问句部分习惯上用“will you？”；陈述部分为Let's…时，问句部分习惯上用“shall we？” 如：Let us go to the cinema,____________ ____________? Let's go to the cinema, ____________ ___________? v (2)陈述部分为肯定的祈使句时，反意疑问句部分可用will you/ won't you; 陈述部分为否定的祈使句时，反意疑问句部分只能用will you。如：Don't make any noise, ___________　___________? v (3)陈述部分为“There (Here)＋ be ＋主语”时，用“动词＋there (here)？”提问。如： There are two cakes on the plate, ____________ ___________? v （４）反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：She seldom goes swimming, __________　______________　? v (５)反意疑问句的陈述部分为“I (We) don't think(believe, suppose, consider)＋ that从句”时，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如： I don't think that he has finished the work on time, ___________　___________? v (６)反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un， im， in， dis等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：It is unfair, ___________　___________? v 考点3 祈使句 v 祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。否定式是直接在动词原形前加don't。常见的祈使句的基本句型如下： v 1．动词原形＋其他。如： Be careful. v 2．加please的祈使句(表示更加客气和礼貌)。如：Open the door, please. v 考点4 感叹句 v 1．what引导的感叹句。 v (1)What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！ v 如：What a difficult question it is! v (2)What＋形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！　 v 如：What useful information! v 2．how引导的感叹句。 v (1)How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！如：How kind they are! v (2)How＋陈述句(主语＋谓语)！如：How time flies! v 3．what引导的感叹句可以和how引导的感叹句互换。如：What a good girl! ＝ How good the girl is! 把下列各句改为感叹句１. Betty is a warm-hearted girl.　　　_______ ________warm-hearted girl Betty i.s ! ２. We got a great success in the match last week. _______ ________great success we got in the match last week ! ┃中考透视 ┃ (　　)1.[2012·南充] —________ weather! It's raining! —Bad luck! We can't go climbing today. A. What bad B．How bad 　C．What fine D．How fine (　　)2.[2012·孝感] —She's never spoken to a foreigner, ________？ —Yes. She's active and can speak English freely. A．is she B．has she　C．isn't she D．hasn't she (　　)3.[2012·永州] ________ get off the bus before it stops. A．Don't B．Doesn't C．Didn't D．Hadn't (　　)4.[2012·淮安] —________ can we find your brother at weekends? —On the football field. A．When B．Which C．Why D．Where 随堂反馈一改成否定句 1. There is a big smile on her face.　　　　________ ________a big smile on her face. 2. My sister studies German in Beijing University. My sister ________ __________German in Beijing University. 3. We can have some delicious food in that restaurant. We ________ have __________delicious food in that restaurant. 4. My cousin has sports after school every day. My cousin_________ __________sports after school every day. 5. Lynn had a good time during her stay in America. 二改写成一般疑问句 1. We must be careful. _______ _______be careful? 2. Little Tom feeds his pet twice a day. _________ little Tom _______his pet twice a day? 3. The tourists had a good time in Japan. ________the tourists _________a good time in Japan? 4. My father studied hard when he was a university student. ________your father ________ hard when he was a university student? . 5. Alice does her homework as soon as she gets home? _________Alice _________ her homework as soon as she gets home? 三改写成被动语态 1. The baby has been named Richard but is called Dick by them . They ______ _______ the baby Richard but called him Dick. 2. Many trees are going to be planted in the park by us. We _______ going to________ many trees in the park. 3. All kinds of color TVs can be made in Shanghai. We ________ _________all kinds of color TVs in Shanghai. 4. Her voice can be heard clearly by everyone in the room. Everyone in the room ________　__________ her loud voice clearly. 5. Something must be done to keep the environment clean. We _______ __________something to keep the environment clean. 四改写成感叹句 1. The river pollution is serious in our city. _______ ________the river pollution is in our city! 2. The monkey looks very funny. _______ ________funny monkey it is ! 3. These flowers give a pleasant smell. _______ _________these flowers smell! 4. He told us a very interesting story. _______ ________interesting story he told us! 5. The cakes and the cookies are very delicious. _______ ________the cakes and the cookies are f 五就划线部分提问 1. Mum goes to hospital to have a check-up on her eyes every two months. _______ _______Mum go to hospital every two months ? 2 We visited Disneyland in Hong Kong this summer holiday. ________ ________you visit in Hong Kong this summer holiday? 3. My sister read some children's stories. What of story your sister read? . 4. The Young Pioneers go to visit Grandpa Lee twice a month. _______ ________do the Young Pioneers go to visit Grandpa Lee? 5.I′d like to know how noodles are made.　　　________ ________you like to know? 六保持原句意思不变 1. You mustn′t play football in the street. ________ ________football in the street. 2. They haven't decided when they should have the English contest. They haven't decided________ ________have the English contest. 3. I don′t think chemistry is as interesting as physics. I think chemistry is _ interesting _ _physics. 4. Iif you don’t work harder at physics, you will fail in the final exam. ________ harder at physics, ________ you will fail in the final exam. 5. If you read the newspapers every day, you will know what′s happening in the world.. ________newspapers every day, ________you will know what's happening in the world. 七　改为反义疑问句 1. Mary is never late for school. Mary is never late for school,_______ _______? 2.The electric fan can hardly blow away the terrible smell in the hall. The electric fan can hardly blow away the terrible smell in the hall,_______ _______? 3. 0ne can′t be careful enough. One can′t be careful enough, ________ ________? 4. Jane never tells a lie. Jane never tells a lie, ______ _______? 5.British children never have lessons at school at weekends. British children never have lessons at school at weekends,________ ______？中考英语作文必背句型 1. 重点句型　　1). It’s adj for sb to do 做…对某人来说… 　　2). … so … that … 如此… 以至于… … too … to do 太… 而不能… 　　such … that … 如此… 以至于… 　　3). not…until… 直到…才… 例： I didn’t go to bed until my mother came back。　　4). It’s meaningless for sb. to do 做---是没有意义的　　5). That is why + 句子那是…的原因　　6). That is because + 句子那是因为… 　　7). It is said that + 句子据说… 　　It is reported that + 句子据报道… 　　8). There is no doubt that + 句子毫无疑问… 9). as we all know, +句子据我们所知　　it is known / considered that…, 众所周知 10). There is no need to do 没必要做… 　　2. 提建议　　had better (not) do 最好(不)做　　I think you should do 我认为你应该… 　　It’s best to do 最好做… 　　3. 表示喜欢和感兴趣　　like / love doing 　　enjoy doing 　　be fond of doing 喜欢做… 　　prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B 　　be interested in doing = show/ take great interest in n / doing 　　4. 努力做… 　　try to do努力做… 　　try one’s best to do = do one’s best to do 竭尽全力做… 　　make efforts to do = make every effort to do 尽力做… 　　do what sb can (do ) to do 尽力做… 　　do what / everything sb. can to do 尽某人全力做… 　　5. 打算做… / 计划做… 　　plan to do 打算做… 　　be going to do 打算做… 　　decide to do 决定做… 　　make up one’s mind to do 下定决心做… 　　6. 表示想/希望　　want to do　　= would like to do 想做… 　　hope to do 希望做… 　　expect to do 期待着做… 　　wish to do 希望做… 　　consider doing 考虑做… 　　7. 只加doing 作宾语的动词　　finish 完成/ practice 练习 / suggest建议 / consider 考虑 / mind 介意 / enjoy 喜欢　　固定句型　　look forward to doing 盼望做… 　　keep on doing 坚持做… 　　dream of doing 梦想做… 　　can’t help doing 情不自禁地做… 　　keep / stop / prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做… 　　be busy (in ) doing be busy with + 名词忙于做… 　　spend time / money (in )doing spend time / money on + 名词花费时间做… 　　have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself doing 玩得开心　　have trouble / have problem / have difficulty (in) doing 或 with + 名词做…有困难

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