新视野第四册(第三版)unit4.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,新视野第四册(第三版)unit4,Two questions are raised to show that people have conflicting ideas about environmental protection,.(Para.1),2,A rule,called a sane environmentalism,for making environmental choices is presented.(Para.5),The author defines environmental luxuries and environmental necessities.(Para.2),The author gives examples“combating ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect”to explain what he sees as,an environmental necessity.(Paras.3-4),3,The author tries to establish a rule for people to follow when they make environmental choices.(Paras.2-5),The author rebuts a different rule,called a sentimental environmentalism,which he says is characterized by excessive earth worship.(Paras.6-10),4,The author cites the debate about preserving the spotted owl in Oregon vs.protecting the livelihood of the logging families to justify his own argument.(Para.10),The author reviews a different rule,one which he calls a sentimental environmentalism.(Para.6),The author cites the debate about whether to drill for oil in ANWR to rebut the sentimental environmentalism,and justify his own argument.(Paras.7-9),5,The author restates his central argument:Human interests should be given priority over those of nature.(Paras.11-13),6,7,必需型,减少,(,v.,),保持,(,v.,),生态平衡,界限,臭氧,共鸣,易懂的,有效利用,(,v.,),巩固,(,v.,),生态系统,可持续的,公然的,崇拜,声称,(,v,.),生态,荒诞的,区分,(,v.,),非兼容的,生物多样化,感情型,Necessary mode,健康型,B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Extr.&App.,Background,Video Watching,相互关系,chord,ozone,deplete,preserve,ecological balance,parameter,correlation,overt,worship,biodiversity,Sentimental mode,allege,incompatible,ecology,根除,eradicate,合法化,legalization,等级制,Sane mode,differentiate,bizarre,sustainable,ecosystem,economize,consolidate,intelligible,hierarchy,可逆转的,reversible,Topic?,Choices of Environmentalism,大家应该也有点累了，稍作休息,大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流,9,incompatible,allege,chord,deplete,economize,One message after another from him came to touch the right _in her.,chord,B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,She _ her curiosity for the wider world as a reason for quitting her job.,alleged,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Extr.&App.,Background,Video Watching,incompatible,allege,chord,deplete,economize,If we continue to_ the earths natural resources,we will cause serious damage to her environment.,deplete,B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,If youre really going to buy a car,well have to _ on other things.,economize,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Extr.&App.,Background,Video Watching,incompatible,allege,chord,deplete,economize,His loss of friendship is in the cold fact that his deeds are _ with his words.,incompatible,B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Extr.&App.,Background,Video Watching,preserve,correlation,worship,consolidate,differentiate,The saddest thing about your life is that you fail to _ what counts most from what counts little to your future.,differentiate,B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,Sad to say,few of us know the best way to _ our golden time from elapse in vain.,preserve,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Extr.&App.,Background,Video Watching,preserve,correlation,worship,consolidate,differentiate,His success in life has little _ with his birth.,correlation,B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,The key to your success lies in how to _ all the positive factors into a driving force behind your aspiration.,consolidate,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Extr.&App.,Background,Video Watching,preserve,correlation,worship,consolidate,differentiate,Teenagers tend to offer blind _to those who have little incentive effect on them.,worship,B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Extr.&App.,Background,Video Watching,“Environmental sensitivity is now as required an attitude in polite society as is,say,belief in democracy or disapproval of plastic surgery.”(Para.1,Text)is declarative knowledge.To make it possible to use creatively,however,we have to convert it into procedural knowledge as follows:,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,A.Extraction&Application of Productive Patterns,Productive Pattern I,X is as required Y as is Z;where X,Y and Z are variables that vary from context to context.,应用提示,用于“,对事物的类比,”,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,16,Productive Pattern,X is as required Y as is Z.,Context I,自信心如同钢中的碳一样，是你成功中不可或缺的决定性组成部分。,In this context,X=“self-confidence”,Y=“a decisive ingredient in your success”,and Z=“carbon in steel”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,Self-confidence is as required a decisive ingredient in your success as is carbon in steel.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,17,Productive Pattern,X is as required Y as is Z.,Context II,日渐增强的彼此依恋如同引力波一样，是热恋不可或缺的催化剂。,In this context,X=“an ever-stronger attachment to each other”,Y=“a catalyst for fire of love”,and Z=“a wave of gravitation”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,An ever-stronger attachment to each other is as required a catalyst for fire of love as is a wave of gravitation.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,18,“The possible thermal consequences of the greenhouse effect are far deadlier:melting ice caps,flooded coastlines,disrupted climate,dry plains and,ultimately,empty breadbaskets.”(Para.4,Text)How to convert it into a productive pattern?,A.Extraction&Application of Productive Patterns,Productive Pattern II,The possible consequences of X are far Y(,a,.):;where X and Y(,a,.)are variables that vary from context to context,whereas“”stands for the concrete consequences in the given context.,应用提示,用于“,对事物后果推断与阐述,”,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,19,Productive Pattern,The possible consequences of X are far Y(a.):,Context I,歪曲真相的报道可能产生的后果是非常严重的：颠倒黑白、混淆视听、社会混乱。,In this context,X=“warped accounts”,Y(,a,.)=“serious”,and“”=“confounding right with wrong,confusing public opinion,and social disruption”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,The possible consequences of warped accounts are far serious:confounding right with wrong,confusing public opinion,and social disruption.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,20,Productive Pattern,The possible consequences of X are far Y(a.):,Context II,在校园整天浑浑噩噩混日子可能产生的后果是极其为不可逆的：学业无果、青春逝去、无尽的懊悔。,In this context,X=“muddling along all day on campus”,Y(,a,.)=“irreversible”,and“”=“no return from studies,elapse of youth,and a steady flow of regret”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,The possible consequences of muddling along all day on campus are far irreversible:no return from studies,elapse of youth,and a steady flow of regret.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,21,“It calls upon humanity to preserve nature,but merely within the parameters of self-survival.”(Para.5,Text)How to convert it into a productive pattern?,A.Extraction&Application of Productive Patterns,Productive Pattern III,A calls upon B to do C,but merely within the parameters of D;where A,B,C and D are variables that vary from context to context,whereas“do”stands for any verb available in the given context.,应用提示,用于“,对处事的界说,”,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,22,Productive Pattern,A calls upon B to do C,but merely within the parameters of D.,Context I,竞争要我们优胜劣汰，但要在公平得到保证的前提之下。,In this context,A=“competition”,B=“us”,C=“the superior”as well as“the inferior”,D=“fairness”,and“do”=“select”as well as“eliminate”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,Competition calls upon us to select the superior and eliminate the inferior,but merely within the parameters of fairness.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,23,Productive Pattern,A calls upon B to do C,but merely within the parameters of D.,Context II,科研要科学家锐意进取，但要在客观性得到保证的前提之下。,In this context,A=“doing science”,B=“scientists”,C=“progress”,D=“objectivity”,and“do”=“make (with keen determination)”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,Doing science calls upon scientists to make progress with keen determination,but merely within the parameters of objectivity.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,24,“Man is the measure of all things.”(Para.7,Text)How to convert it into a productive pattern?,A.Extraction&Application of Productive Patterns,Productive Pattern IV,X is the measure of Y;where X and Y are variables that vary from context to context.,应用提示,用于“,对事物的界说,”,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,25,Productive Pattern,X is the measure of Y.,Context I,实践是检验真理的唯一标准。,In this context,X=“practice”,and Y=“truth”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,Practice is the sole measure of truth.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,26,“Government estimates indicate a nearly fifty-fifty chance that under the ANWR rests one of the five largest oil fields ever discovered in America.”(Para.7,Text)How to convert it into a productive pattern?,A.Extraction&Application of Productive Patterns,Productive Pattern V,X indicates little/much chance that Y does/is Z;where X,Y and Z are variables that vary from context to context,while“does/is”stands for any verb available in the given context.,应用提示,用于“,对概率的判定,”,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,27,Productive Pattern,X indicates little/much chance that Y does/is Z.,Context I,她对你的态度表明，你很有可能俘获她的芳心。,In this context,X=“her attitude toward you”,Y=“you”,Z=“her heart”,and“does/is”=“will capture”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,Her attitude toward you indicates much chance that you will capture her heart.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,28,Productive Pattern,X indicates little/much chance that Y does/is Z.,Context II,民意调查结果表明，对任何事物的过度宣传很可能是昙花一现。,In this context,X=“public opinion polls”,Y=“excessive publicity about anything”,Z=“a flash in the pan”,and“does/is”=“is”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,Public opinion polls indicate much chance that excessive publicity about anything is a flash in the pan.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,29,“The important distinction is between those environmental goods that are fundamental and those that are not.”(Para.11,Text)How to convert it into a productive pattern?,A.Extraction&Application of Productive Patterns,Productive Pattern VI,The important/critical distinction is between X and Y;where X and Y are variables that vary from context to context.,应用提示,用于“,对事物的辨识,”,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,30,Productive Pattern,The important/critical distinction is between X and Y.,Context I,重要的是，我们要区分哪些东西对我们未来幸福至关重要，哪些不重要。,In this context,X=“those that matter much to our future happiness”,and Y=“those that matter little”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,The important distinction is between those that matter much to our future happiness and those that matter little.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,31,Productive Pattern,The important/critical distinction is between X and Y.,Context II,至关重要的是，我们要区分面对危机的理性反应与非理性反应。,In this context,X=“rational response”,and Y=“irrational response to crisis”.So the new declarative knowledge arises as follows:,The critical distinction is between rational response and irrational response to crisis.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,LexicalCollocations,Jotter,32,No.,Chinese,English,1,2,3,4,5,把,区分,differentiate between,呈现（某种特征）,take on,引起共鸣,strike a chord with,与,格格不入,run/go against the grain,与,不相容的,be incompatible with,B.Extraction&Application of Lexical Collocations,短语逆译,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,33,No.,Chinese,English,6,7,8,9,10,安然度过,come through,像其他人一样,as as the next person/man,优先选择（某物）而非（另一物）,choose sth.over sth.else,以,的代价；花费,at a cost,1.,适宜，恰当,2.,妥当，无误,be in order,B.Extraction&Application of Lexical Collocations,短语逆译,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,34,Phrase 1,Productive Patterns,Jotter,Lexical Collocation differentiate between,他泾渭不分，从而一生碌碌无为。,意群提示,fail to do sth.;black and white;lead a vain and humdrum life,He failed to differentiate between black and white,thus leading a vain and humdrum life.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,35,Phrase 2,Lexical Collocation take on,新春伊始，万象更新。,意群提示,with the advent of the new spring;a new aspect,With the advent of the new spring,all things took on a new aspect.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,36,Phrase 3,Lexical Collocation strike a chord with,教授对人生意义的一番言论似乎在学生中产生了普遍的共鸣。,意群提示,the professors comment on sth.;the significance of a spectacular life,The professors comment on the significance of a spectacular life seemed to strike a universal chord with the students.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,37,Phrase 4,Lexical Collocation run/go against the grain,他的为官之道与清正廉洁格格不入。,意群提示,ones art of being an official;honesty and uprightness,His art of being an official runs against the grain of honesty and uprightness.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,38,Phrase 5,Lexical Collocation be incompatible with,这款杀毒软件与你的电脑系统不兼容，因此，你需要找人进行系统升级。,意群提示,anti-virus software;get your computer system updated,The anti-virus software is incompatible with your computer system,so you have to get your system updated.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,39,Phrase 6,Lexical Collocation come through,此次信任危机考验了我们的友谊，我们经受住了考验而且比以往任何时候都更值得彼此信任了。,意群提示,this crisis of trust;be trustier to each other than ever,This crisis of trust tested our friendship,and we have come through it trustier to each other than ever.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,40,Phrase 7,Lexical Collocation as as the next person/man,他也许看上去和其他人一样诚实，但他有时会恶意撒谎。,意群提示,tell dirty lies,He might look as honest as the next person,but he sometimes tells dirty lies.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,41,Phrase 8,Lexical Collocation choose sth.over sth.else,在寻找商业合作方面，我们注重质量而非数量。,意群提示,seek business partnership,In seeking business partnership,we choose quality over quantity.,Warming-Up,Text Reading,Essay Writing,Further Dev.,Productive Patterns,Jotter,42,Phrase 9,Lexical Collocation at a cost,由于稻米是以低价买进而高价卖给消费者的，所以收益得到增加