语法填空模拟.doc

____1____ artist had a small daughter. Sometimes he painted women ___2_____ any clothes on, and he and his ____3____ always tried to keep the small girl out ____4____ he was doing this, "She is ____5_____ young to understand," they said.
But one day, when the artist _____6____ (paint) a woman with no clothes on, he forgot to lock the door, and the girl suddenly ran into the room. He mother ran up the stairs ____7____ her, but when she got to the room, the little girl was already in the room and looking at the woman. _____8___ her parents waited for her to speak.
For a few seconds the little girl said ____9_____, but then she ran to her mother and said ____10_____ (angry), "Why do you let her go about without shoes and socks on when you don't let me?"
（二）
Why is setting goals so ______1_____? Because goals can help you do, be, and experience everything ____2_____ you want in life. Instead _____3____ just letting life happen to you, goals allow ______4_____ to make your life happen.
_____5_____ (success) and happy people have sets lots of goals to help them reach their aims. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It's _____6____ having a map to show you _____7____ you want to go.
Winners in life set goals and follow through with them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and _____8___ (set) goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren't difficult to set, and _____9_____aren't difficult to reach. It is up to you to find out what your goals really are. You are ____10____one who must decide what to do and in what direction to aim your life.
（一）1 An 2 without 3 wife 4 when/while 5 too
6 was painting 7 after 8 Both 9 nothing 10 angrily
（二）1 important 2 that 3 of 4 yourself 5 Successful
6 like 7 where 8 setting 9 they 10 the

专题一　记叙文型语法填空
专题导读
记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，是常见的文体。在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点有：
1．以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态，使文章所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。
2．广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在会使文章充满“动感”，而这种让往事历历在目的“动感”正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。

[2011•广东卷]
One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment __1__ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me __2__ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man __3__ (sit) at the front. He__4__ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be__5__ (mental) disabled.
Behind him were other people to__6__he was trying to talk, but after some minutes__7__ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.
I didn't want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn't like leaving him__8__ his own either.
After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had__9__ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.
I'm glad I made the choice. It made__10__ of us feel good.
1．____　2.____　3._____4.______
5．____6._____　7.______　8._____9．________　10.________
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”的一次坐车经历：在公交车上遇到一个好像是弱智的人，其他人都躲开了，而“我”走近了他，和他聊起来，一路上“我”俩都很高兴。
1．later　考查副词的用法。我离开得较早因为那天晚些时候我有个约会。
2．till/until　考查状语从句的连接词。我的朋友一直陪我直到公共汽车来。
3．sitting/sit　考查动词的用法。notice sb doing/do sth.意为“注意到某人正在做某事/做了某事”。
4．was pretending　考查动词的时态。由giving it a voice可知用过去进行时。
5．mentally　考查副词的用法。此处disabled是形容词，用副词修饰。
6．whom　考查定语从句的关系词。此处he was trying to talk to 是定语从句，people是先行词，whom作介词to的宾语。
7．they　考查代词的用法。他们走开然后坐在我的旁边。
8．on　考查词组的用法。此处考查词组on one’s own (＝alone)。
9．an　考查冠词的用法。amazing是以元音音素开头，故用an。
10．both　考查代词的用法。由上文 We had … amazing conversation可知“我们俩”都很高兴。

Eleven¬year¬old Angela was stricken with a disease involving her nervous system. The doctors did not hold out much hope of her ever recovering __1__ this illness.They predicted she’d spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair. __2__ Angela firmly believed that she was definitely going to be walking again someday.The doctors were charmed by her __3__ (defeatable) spirit.They taught her about imaging—about seeing herself __4__ (walk)．Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy(理疗), lying there faithfully doing her imaging, visualizing herself moving, moving, moving!
One day, __5__ she was straining with all her might to imagine her legs moving again, __6__ seemed as though a miracle happened: the bed moved! She screamed out, “Look what I __7__ (do)! Look! Look! I can do it! I moved, I moved！” Of course, __8__ this very moment everyone __9__ in the hospital was screaming, too.It was the San Francisco earthquake.But don’t tell __10__ to Angela.She’s convinced that she did it.And now only a few years later, she’s back in school.On her own two legs.No walking sticks, no wheelchair.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
【解析】靠轮椅行走的安吉拉，连医生对她的康复都不抱希望，但她始终没有放弃，一次地震让她觉得是她自己的脚动了，并对此坚信不疑，几年后她真的靠自己的双脚重新走进了学校。
1．from　recover from an illness意为“从疾病中恢复过来”。
2．But　与前句是转折关系。
3．undefeatable　在名词前作定语，要用形容词；由语境可知，此处应表示“不败的”，故填undefeatable。句意：医生为她永不言败的精神所折服。
4．walking　see sb doing“看见某人在做某事”。
5．as　as表示“正当……时”。
6．it　句式搭配：it seems as if/as though...仿佛是……
7．am doing　句意：看，我在做什么！
8．at　at this very moment意为“此刻”。
9．else　用于复合不定代词或疑问词后，表示“其他的”，用else。
10．that/it　替代前文说的地震这回事。
专题二　说明文型语法填空
说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态，或事物的发生、发展、结果、用途、原理等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。其语言特点有：
1．多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释。
2．采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。
分析句子结构是答题过程中很关键的一步。做题时，首先确定句子的主谓宾成分，看看该句子缺不缺谓语动词，然后再考虑非谓语动词或者其他成分。此时，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，确定需要填入词语的词性、形式和功能等。
The air we breathe is freely available, without which we could not survive more than a few minutes.For the most part, air is available to everyone, and everyone __1__ (need) it.Some people use the air to sustain them while __2__(seat) around and feel sorry for themselves.__3__ breathe in the air and use the energy it provides to make__4__ magnificent life.Opportunity is__5__ the same way; it is everywhere.It is__6__freely available that we take it for granted.Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success, it must__7__ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value.So many people are so anxious to “get in” on a“ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work that’s __8__(possible)．Just as you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed.It takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity, __9__.You must make use of it.That's not up to the opportunity, that’s up to you.It doesn’t matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but __10__ matters is what you do with it.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
【解析】1．needs　考查主谓一致，由全文时态可知用一般现在时， everyone后用第三人称单数。
2．seated　过去分词作伴随状语， 相当于“while they are seated”。
3．Others　句型：some...others...
4．a　表示“一种奇妙的生活”，是泛指，故用不定冠词a。
5．in　in the way是固定搭配。
6．so　句型：so...that...
7．be seized　依据上下文的理解， 可知句意表示“有机遇必须抓住， 你才能成功”。
8．impossible　依据上下文和构词法， 此处应为“不可能的”， 故用“impossible”。
9．however/though　插入语， 意为“然而”。
10．what　引导主语从句且在句中作主语，故用what。
(一)
Two seeds lay side by side in the fertile spring soil.
The first seed said, “I want to grow! I want to send my roots deep into the soil __1__ me, and thrust my sprouts (芽) __2__ the earth’s crust above me.I want to open my tender buds(蓓蕾) like banners to announce the __3__ (arrive) of spring.I want to feel the warmth of the sun on my face and the blessing of the morning dew(露水) on my petals(花瓣)！”
And so she grew.The second seed said, “I am afraid.If I send my roots into the ground below, I don’t know what I __4__(come) across in the dark.If I push my way through the hard soil above me, I may damage my delicate sprouts. What if I let my buds open and a snail (蜗牛) tries __5__(eat) them? And __6__ I were to open my blossoms, __7__ small child may pull me from the ground.No, it is much __8__ (good) for me to wait __9__it is safe.”And so she waited. A yard hen scratching around in the early spring ground for food found the waiting seed and immediately ate __10__.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
【解析】两颗种子的故事，告诉我们惧怕冒险和成长，最终要被生活吞没。
1．beneath　介词，意为“在……之下”与下文的above相对。
2．through　介词，意为“穿过”。
3．arrival　在冠词后用名词。
4．will come　对未来的预测，句意为：我不知道在黑暗之中将会遇到什么。
5．to eat　因try表示“试图做某事”，后接不定式。
6．if　if引导虚拟条件句。
7．a　表示泛指的“某一个”小孩，故用不定冠词a。
8．better　隐性比较级，即“等”比“长”好得多。句中much也提示我们要用比较级，因为much常用来修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。
9．until　意为“直到”，引导时间状语从句。
10．it　it指代前文中的the waiting seed。
(二)
What would you do if you failed? Many people may choose to give up.__1__ , the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick __2__ your goal.On your way to success, you __3__ keep your direction.It is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and __4__ (help) you overcome obstacles on your way.__5__ , you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead.
Direction means objectives.You can get nowhere __6__ an objective in life.
You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve __7__.Only in this way __8__ you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time __9__(proper)．And you should also have a belief __10__ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
【解析】本文告诉我们，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标。
1．However　与前句是转折关系，空格前后都有标点， 用副词however。
2．to　stick to意为“坚持”。
3．must　由语境不难揣摸出作者的语气，句意为：在通往成功的路上，你必须坚持你的方向。
4．helping　与guiding并列，一起补充说明a lamp，故用现在分词。
5．Otherwise　由本句与前句的逻辑关系可知，要填表示“否则”的otherwise。
6．without　句意：人生如果没有目标，你将一事无成。
7．it　it指代your objective。
8．will/can　句意：只有这样，你才会知道……
9．properly　修饰动词spend作状语用副词。
10．that　引导同位语从句，从句中不缺句子成分，且意义完整，故填that。
(三)
It happened that a dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying __1__ home in his mouth.Now, __2__ his way home he had to cross a plank lying __3__a running brook.__4__ he crossed, he looked __5__ and saw his own shadow __6__ (reflect) in the water beneath.
Thinking it was __7__ dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also.So he made a snap at __8__ shadow in the water, __9__ as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, __10__(drop) into the water and was never seen more.
Beware lest you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
解析】这则狗和影子的故事，告诫我们：切莫因追逐幻影而丢失已有的东西。
1．it　指代a piece of meat，故用it。
2．on　表示“在某人回家的路上”用on one’s way home。
3．across　表示“横过”河流或道路等细长的东西或操场等一个平面的东西，用介词across。
4．As/When　表示“当……时候”。
5．down　因“向下看”才能看到水中的影子，故用down。
6．reflected　因shadow与reflect是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
7．another　指它以为是“另一条狗”。
8．the　特指水中的“那个”影子，故用定冠词the。
9．but　前后是转折关系。
10．dropped　与opened, was seen是并列关系，三个先后发生的动作应当用同一时态，故drop也用一般过去时，故填dropped。
专题三　议论文型语法填空
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观地解释事物，而且还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。
议论文有自己的语言特点，了解了文章整体意思后，要通过字里行间的意思推断作者的观点、意图和立场(同意什么，反对什么，喜好什么，憎恶什么，主张什么等)，这种理解直接决定你的填词。要仔细复读全文，关注自己所填的词语是否符合原意，从语意连贯、逻辑合理的角度，认真复查答案的合理性和正确性。
【2011•湖南卷改编】Does going to college really pay off？Certainly!
I remember taking __1__ English class in college on the short story.Our first assignment was to read __2__ short stories and then discuss which one was better.After __3__(read)both，I wasn’t sure.Over the __4__ several months, my professor taught me __5__ one story was so much better than the other.__6__ was rich in metaphor(隐喻)and character development, __7__ the other was humorous __8__ too shallow.I couldn’t see this at first.Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated and __9__ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.
Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads __10__ greater success in one’s life.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
【解析】 1．an　考查冠词。class此处为可数名词单数形式，其前须用冠词。再根据此处表泛指，而English是以元音音素开头，故填an。
2．two　考查数词。根据本句中“which one was better”以及下文“After … both”中both的提示可推断此处表示“两个短篇故事”，故填two。
3．reading　考查动名词。after 是介词，括号中所给词是动词，故只能填动名词reading。
4．next　考查形容词。根据该空修饰名词months，应填形容词，再由语境可知，此处表示“在接下来的几个月”，故填next。
5．why　考查名词性从句引导词。根据上文“discuss which one was better”可推断，教授是给我们讲解为什么其中一个故事要比另一个故事好，故填why。
6．One　考查不定代词。由语境可知，故事有两个，再根据习惯搭配“one...the other...”可推断填One。
7．while　考查并列连词，while表示前后对比的意思。
8．but　考查连词。根据“humorous”和“too shallow”在逻辑上的转折关系可推断，此处填连词but连接两个形容词。
9．I　考查人称代词。根据该空在句中作主语可判断应填名词或代词。结合语境可知该空应指作者本人，故填I。
10．to　考查介词。lead to为固定搭配，意为“导致”
(一)
The following words were written on the tomb of an Anglican Bishop(主教) in the Crypts of Westminster Abbey(西敏寺):
When I was young and free and my__1__(imagine) had no limits, I dreamed of changing the world.__2__ I grew older and wiser, I discovered the world would not change, so I __3__ (short) my sights somewhat and decided to change only my country. But __4__， too, seemed immovable.
As I grew __5__ my twilight years (晚年), in one last desperate attempt, I settled for changing only my family，those __6__(close) to me, __7__alas, they would have __8__ of it.And now as I lie on my deathbed, I suddenly realize: If I had only changed myself first, then by example I __9__ (change) my family.
From their inspiration and encouragement, I would then have been able __10__(better) my country and, who knows, I may have even changed the world.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
【解析】改变世界从改变自己开始，因为在我们改变自己的同时也潜移默化地影响着家庭。在他们的鼓舞和激励下，我们可能会使我们的国家变得更美好，从某种角度来看，也正改变着世界。
1．imagination　在形容词性物主代词后要用名词形式。
2．As　表示“随着”，要用as引导时间状语从句。
3．shortened　作谓语要用动词，由上下文可知，要用一般过去时。
4．it　替代前文中的to change only my country。
5．into　表示“长成”用grow into。
6．closest　“家人”是“最亲近的人”。
7．but　前后是转折关系。
8．none　have none of (＝refuse to accept)意为“不接受，不理睬”。
9．would have changed　与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
10．to better　固定搭配：be able to do。
(二)
Lao Tzu was traveling with his followers.They came to a forest __1__ hundreds of woodcutters were cutting the trees.__2__ whole forest had been cut except for one big tree __3__ thousands of branches.It was so big __4__ 10,000 persons could sit in its shade.
Lao Tzu told his followers __5__ (go) and ask why this tree had not been cut.They went and asked the wo