裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第68课.doc

精品教育Lesson  68  纠缠不休Persistent    Why did Elizabeth tell Nigel that she was going to the dentist?    I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes. He never has anything to do. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.    'Hello, Nigel,' I said. 'Fancy meeting you here!'    'Hi, Elizabeth,' Nigel answered. 'I was just wondering how to spend the morning - until I saw you. You're not busy doing anything, are you?'    'No, not at all,' I answered. 'I'm going to.'    'Would you mind my coming with you?' he asked, before I had finished speaking.    'Not at all,' I lied, 'but I'm going to the dentist.'    'Then I'll come with you,' he answered. 'There's always plenty to read in the waiting room! 参考译文    我穿过马路以便避开他，但他看到我并朝我跑过来。若再装作没看见他已是没有用了，我只好向他招手。我就怕遇到奈杰尔.戴克斯。他从来都是无事可做，不管你多忙，他总是坚持要跟你去。我得想办法不让他整个上午缠着我。    “你好，奈杰尔，想不到在这儿见到你。”我说。    “你好，伊丽莎白，”奈杰尔回答说，“我正不知道怎么消磨这一上午呢，正好见到好。你不忙，是吗？”    “不，不忙，我打算去.”我回答。    “我跟你一道去行吗？”没等我说完话他就问道。    “没关系，但我准备去牙医那里。”我说了个谎。“那我也跟你去，候诊室里总有很多东西可供阅读！”他回答。【New words and expressions】（3）1 persistent p'sistnt a.坚持的，固执的2 avoid 'vid v.避开3 insist in'sist v.坚持做一、单词讲解persistent     1） （人，行为）不屈不饶的；执拗的，顽固的persistent effortseg. He was persistent in his question.他一直追问到底。2）（事物）持久的，不断的（lasting）persistent rainpersistent painpersistent noisepersistent backachepersist  p'sist  v.persist in sth/doing坚持，执意eg. Does he always persist in his opinion like that?eg. She persisted in taking her dog with her.eg. He will persist in riding that dreadful bicycle.eg. He persists in believing that he was right.persistence     n.u.不可数名词坚持不懈,执意,持续eg. His persistence touches me.avoid    v.避开,躲避;避免,预防avoid+n./doingeg. Fortunately,we were able to avoid an accident.eg. The car turned to the left to avoid a collision.eg. He crossed the street to avoid seeing me.eg. Try to avoid driving in rush hours.avoid sb/sth like the plague.极力回避，尽早躲开avoidable    adj.可避免的v.+able  可了,能够lovable   可爱的washable  耐洗的acceptableunderstandablen.+able -> fortable  /  agreeablemiserable    /  suitableinsist   v.坚持做insist on sth/doing坚持或坚决要求（某事物）insist that sb (should) do eg.I insist on your coming with us.eg.I insist that you (should) go with us.eg.He insisted that I (should) apologize.eg.He insisted on going swimming.insist   v.坚持说，坚信，固执的声称eg.She insisted that she was innocent.eg.I insisted that I hadnt done that.insistent   adj.坚持的，不容拒绝或反对的insistence    n.uinsistence on/about sth区别 insist on/persist in     stick to/keep oninsist on n./doing坚持要求，坚持认为（要求，看法，主张，意见）eg.She insisted on her opinion at the meeting.eg.She insisted on going with us.insist + that 从句有两种情况：1）“坚决认为，说”，从句用陈述语气。eg.The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel.2)”坚决要，坚决要求”，从句用虚拟语气。eg.He insisted that she (should) leave.persist in n./doing表示对某种活动坚持不懈或某种信念不改，固执eg.He insisted on playing golf.(玩了没有，不知道。)eg.He persisted in practicing golf for an hour.(坚持练了一小时，动作已发生)stick to n./doing坚持不放弃愿望，原则，决定，诺言，理想eg.We should stick to the study of Marxism-Leninism.马克思列宁主义eg.Stick to it!keep on : continue to do (“on”是adv.”继续”之意)eg.We kept on working although we are tired.eg.Keep on practicing and youll speak English well.二、Key Structures动名词的应用1.动名词作动词宾语avoid doing sthenjoy doing sthdeny doing sthfancy doing sth以下动词常跟动名词作宾语：admit  appreciate  avoid  complete  delay  ;deny  enjoy  fancy  finishmind  stand  practice  resent  risk  suggest  allow  permit  eg.  He always avoids traveling during rush hours.eg.  He enjoys playing football.eg.  He completely denies taking it.eg.  Fancy meeting you here.eg.  Would you mind opening the window?eg.  I dont mind waiting.eg.  I cant stand people shouting and pushing.2.固定结构：Its no use doingeg.  Its no use crying over spilt milk.Its worth doingIts not worth doingeg.  Its not worth worrying about.be busy doingeg. Cant you see Im busy writing?do some shoppingdo some washing3.动名词的逻辑主语的表达形式eg.  Would you mind opening the window?eg.  Would you mind my opening the window?eg.  Do you mind smoking?eg.  Do you mind my smoking?eg.  Fancy writing a letter like that!eg.  Fancy her writing a letter like that!eg.  His leaving is a great loss.eg.  Mother dislikes my working late.eg.  Johns having seen her did not make her worried.现在分词与动名词的比较：4.see,hear,smell,noticesee, hear, smell, noticesb doingsee, hear, smell, noticesb dosee, hear, smell, noticesb doneeg.I saw him coming.eg.He heard me opening the door.eg.I can smell something burning.eg.I heard him singing in the next room.5. go 与come 加现在分词：go dancinggo swimming go ridinggo shoppinggo skatinggo skiing eg.Lets go dancing.eg.I went shopping this morning.eg.Come swimming with me tomorrow.三、课文讲解TextI crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.avoid doingavoid making the same mistakerunning 是现在分词作状语 It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. Its no use+v.ing (v-ing 短语是真正的主语，it作形式主语)eg.Its no use complaining about it.pretend thateg.He pretended that he was working hard.pretend to doeg.He pretended to be dead when he met a bear.pretend to be doingeg.The boys pretended to be sleeping.wave to sbeg.I waved a greeting to the teacher.我挥手向老师问好eg.I waved him goodbye.我挥手向他道别。eg.I waved him out.我挥手叫他出去。eg.I waved him back.我挥手叫他回来。I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes. He never has anything to do. 1)enjoy doing2)连用两个never，表示强烈的感情色彩3)anything(to do),不定式修饰anything。No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. no matter how (what , which , who , where , when )无论如何（什么，哪一个，谁，何地，何时）eg.No matter what happens (may happen), dont be discouraged.insist on doingI had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.think of a way of doingprevent sb (from) doing阻止某人做某事或者可以说 stop sb (from) doing阻止某人做某事keep sb from doing阻止某人做某事  （这里的from不能省略）eg.Her sudden arrival prevented him from going out.eg.Their prompt actions prevented the fire from spreading.prevention     n.eg.Prevention is better than cure.(谚)预防胜于治疗。preventive      adj.预防的,防止的preventive measures against fire 防火措施preventive medicine 预防医学preventing与following为动名词,作介词宾语。  'Hello, Nigel,' I said. 'Fancy meeting you here!'fancy想象fancy + 宾语 + as/to beeg.I cant fancy him as/to be an English teacher.fancy doing 想象（某人）做eg.Fancy George reading such difficult books!fancy thateg.I fancy (that) I have met her somewhere.fancy    n.空想，幻想fancy （是非现实的）imagination （是既现实又实际的）products of fancy 空想产物eg.He shut himself in a world of idle fancy.他把自己关在捕风捉影的幻想世界中fancy        adj.精致的,花哨的eg.These shoes are too fancy for me.a fancy tie 精致的领带a fancy dress化装用的服装a fancy party化妆舞会'Hi, Elizabeth,' Nigel answered. 'I was just wondering how to spend the morning - until I saw you. You're not busy doing anything, are you?'how to do 做wonder的宾语be busy (in) doing反义疑问句：是以附加疑问句的形式对肯定陈述句或否定陈述句作出的一种回应。日常会话中经常用反意疑问句询问进一步的情况，以求确认，或者表示兴趣，关心，愤怒，惊讶，不相信，怀疑等，或表示正在聆听谈话。1）当表示请求提供更多的情况，表示兴趣时，用升调。Ive just won 500！Have you？2）当表示进一步证实可能已知或已经猜到的事情，用降调。eg.Hes made a bad mistake , hasnt he?eg.Youre not busy doing anything , are you?'No, not at all,' I answered. 'I'm going to.'not at all 根部不eg.I dont like maths at all.我根部不喜欢数学eg.There is nothing to eat at all.'Would you mind my coming with you?' coming为动名词， my为逻辑主语。对比：Would you mind coming with me?he asked, before I had finished speaking.finish doing   'Not at all,' I lied, 'but I'm going to the dentist.'lie 说谎v.lie-lied-lied-lyingn.tell a lietell sb a liea white lie 善意的谎话a black lie 恶意的谎话   'Then I'll come with you,' he answered. 'There's always plenty to read in the waiting room!plenty (to read)不定式作定语waiting room 候诊室；候车室（waiting为动名词作定语，表某种功能）对比：a waiting car （现在分词作定语，表动作正在进行）四、练习Exercises1.He insisted_b_ with her.(a) to go   (b)that he should go    (c) to going    (d) in goinginsist 表示“坚持”的时候，后面可以加insist on doing sth. （坚持做）或者是that引导的从句做宾语，在从句中，位于动词应该是insist +从句(should +原形)  （用虚拟语气）2. She waved to him. She _c_him.(a)shook   (b)saluted    (c)greeted    (d)calleda.握手b.向致敬,敬礼salute  v.问候(军人向长官的)行军礼d.叫喊,召唤greet      v. 问候 3.Fancy meeting you here! _a_!a.I magine  b. Think   c. Consider   d. Contemplateb考虑c考虑d沉思 a想象，跟fancy意思相同，并能作感叹词，表示惊讶。4.They are too _for me;I prefer the plain ones.a. ordinary  b. fancy  c. imaginary  d. ridiculousa平常的，普通的，平凡的  b花式的，杂色的；如fancy goodsc假想的，想象的，虚构的； d荒谬的，可笑的它们太花里胡哨了。我喜欢简单而朴素的。六、补充内容谚语1.Still waters run deep.静水流深；不言不语的人可能有丰富的知识；沉默寡言者常隐藏深沉的感情。2.Strike while the iron is hot.时机来到要立即利用；在条件有利时采取行动；趁热打铁。-可编辑-