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高考“词序语序”考点大盘点.doc

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高考 “词序·语序”考点大盘点 词序是高考命题的常考内容,同时也是中学英语的重点和难点。为了便于同学们更好地复习和掌握词序和语序的用法,本文拟就将高考命题中所出现的考查词序、语序的考点予以盘点归类,以期对同学们有所帮助,现分述如下,仅供参考。 第一课时 一、a、an的词序   典型题例   ①______role she played  in  the film!  No wonder she  has won an Oscar.   (2002春季上海卷)     A.How interesting     B.How an interesting     C.What  interesting   D.What  an  interesting   ②It is______      work of art that everyone wants to  have  a  look at  it.   (98上海高考)     A.  so  unusual     B.  such  unusual     C.such  an  unusual     D.  so an  unusual   ③______box can not be  lifted  by a boy of five.      (92上海高考)     A.  So  a  heavy       B.  So  heavy  a      C.  A  such  heavy     D.  Such  heavy a   ④Oh,  John.  ______you gave  us!  (MET90)     A.  How  a  pleasant  surprise      B.  How pleasant  surprise     C. What  a  pleasant  surprise      D. What  pleasant  surprise      讲解: 在表示“如此……”时应使用 “such  a/an  +adj. +名词”或“ so/too/  rather/quite/what a/an…+ 名词”表达方式。   拓展训练    1.This  is  ______   difficult  book  that  I  can’t  read  it well。     A.  such a    B. so a C. too a      D. by far   2.He  is  ______     teacher  that  all  of us  like  him.     A.  a  such  good     B.  such  good  a      C.  a so  good        D.  so good a   3.-Mum,  what shall we have for lunch?    -Dumplings.    -Oh,  what______wonderful  lunch!     A.an    B.the        C.a     D./   keys: A B C   ④It  is  generally  believed  that  teaching  is______it  is  a  science。(NMET2001)     A.an art much as           B.much an art as     C.as an art much           D.as much an art as   ⑤Have you ever______as tall as this one?     A.a tree         B.such tree      C.an tree        D.tree      讲解: 在比较级结构中,表示一方与另一方相等或不相等时,常用 “…as(not+so/as)+原级+ a/an+ 名词 +as…”  或 “…a/an +名词 +as +原级+ as  …”结构。 “a/an +名词”应放在原级比较中间或前面。   拓展训练    1.He is not ______ her.     A.as good player as            B.so good a player as     C.as  a  good  player  as     D.  so  a  good  player  as   2.  This  is ______ those  made  in  Changchun.     A.  a  truck  as  good  as    B.  as  a  truck  as  good     C. so  good  a  truck  as     D.  a  good  as  truck as                           keys:B A      二、多个名词修饰语的词序     典型题例    ①As  I  know  there  is______car  in  this  neighbourhood.    (2001上海卷)     A.no  such          B.no a     C.not  such         D.  no  such a   ②If you  want to  change  for a  double  room,  you  will  have  to  pay______$5.(NMET2000)     A.another     B.other     C.more       D.  each   ③-How was  your  recent visit to  Qingdao?    -It was  great.  We visited  some friends,  and  spent the ______days at the  seaside.  (NMET95)     A.few  last  sunny     B.  last few  sunny      C.last  sunny  few     D.  last  few sunny   ④Tony  is  going  camping  with ______boys  (MET93)     A.little two other    B.two little other     C.two other little   D.little other two      讲解: 多个修饰语并列修饰一个名词时,总的顺序为“限定词十形容词+名词”。限定词的排列顺序为: all/both/half/double    /倍数词/分数词+冠词/指示代词/物主代词/名词所有格/ some/any/no/every/each    +基数词/序数词 /little/few/last/next/other/another/more,    形容词的排列顺序为:大小、长短、高低、新旧、颜色、国籍、材料、用途、类别等。如:   1. He is  a  kind honest old  man.   2. This  useless  old  geography  book doesn't belong to me.   3. My  house  is  finished  with   three  comfortable  dark  brown   chairs.    特别提示:   ①在表示“另、再、又”的意义时通常用“ another      +数词+名词”或“数词+ more  /      other+名词”的词序排列。   ②  当 such 与 some, any, no, every ,each, all, another, other, several, few, many, one, two    等连用时, such须置于这些词后。   拓展训练    1.—Do  you  need  anything  else  ?    Yes,  we  still  need ______ aircraft.     A.more two           B.two more     C.other two pieces of     D.two other pieces of   2.We drink ______coffee at the cafe.     A.very good hot  B.some very hot good     C.some very good hot  D.some good very hot   3.He saw nothing but a ______table in the farm house.     A.round small wooden  B.small round wooden     C.round wooden small  D.small wooden round   4. When  I  was  a  child  my  grandmother told  me______stories.     A. many such  funny   B.  such  many funny     C.many  funny such   D.funny  many  such   Keys:BCCA   三、enough 的词序   典型题例    ①______ to take this  adventure  course  will  certainly  learn  a  lot  of  useful  skills.(NMET2000)     A.  Brave  enough  students       B.  Enough  brave  students     C.  Students  brave  enough         D.  Students  enough  brave   ②If l  had______I'd visit  Europe,  stopping at all  the  small  interesting places.(NMET98)     A.  a  long  enough  holiday      B.  an  enough  long  holiday     C.a  holiday  enough  long       D.  a  long  holiday  enough   ③-Mum,  I think l’m______ to get back to school.    -Not  really,  my  dear,  you’d  better stay at  home for another day or two.       (MET93)     A.  so  well         B.  so  good      C.  well  enough     D.  good  enough      讲解: 一般情况下,enough充当形容词修饰名词时,可放在所修饰的名词前边或后面,而enough充当副词修饰形容词或副词时,须放在所修饰的形容词或副词后边。   拓展训练    1.I have ______          to tell  you.     A.  something  good  enough      B.  something  enough good     C.enough  good  something      D.  good  enough  something   2.  Do you  have ______ to      lend  me to  buy the book?     A.  enough  money            B.  money  well     C.  many  enough     D.  money  much   keys  :  A A       第二课时 四、后置定语的词序   典型题例    ①All  the  people______the  party were  his  supports,    (2002北京卷)     A.present          B.  thankful      C.  interested      D.  important   ②Don't  use  words,  expressions,  or  phrases______only  to  people  with  specific knowledge.      (2002上海卷)     A.  being  know         B.  having  been  known      C.  to  be  known       D.  known   ③The  picture ______on  the  wall  is  painted  by  my  nephew.       (2000春季京皖卷)     A.  having  hung         B.  hunging     C.  hangs                D.  being  hung   ④There  are five  pairs______,  but  I  am  at a  loss which to  buy.       (99上海卷)     A.to be chosen            B.  to  choose from      C.  to  choose           D.  for  choosing   ⑤The  Olympic  Games,______in  776  BC,  didn’t include  women  players  until        1912.   NMET98)     A.first  played     B.  to  be first play      C.first  playing     D.  to  be first playing         讲解: 常见的几种修饰语后置的情况:   1.形容词修饰 something,  nothing,  anything,  everything     等不定代词时要后置。   I have  nothing   important  to tell  you.        2.present 作“出席的”之意时,要放在所修饰的词之后。The people   present  are  workers.       3.副词或介词短语作定语时要后置。         The  man   upstairs(in  charge  of the  factory)often  comes  home very  late.        4.以 a 开头的表语形容词如 alive, asleep, awake, alone等作定语时要后置。           Do  you  know the  largest  poet  alive   in  your country?      5.非谓语短语动词作定语时要后置。   The  building  built  last year/  being  built  now/to  be  built  next year will  be equipped with  computers.      拓展训练    Who is the greatest poet ______?     A.living            B.  live     C.lively            D.alive   2.  There  was  a  terrible  noise ______ the  sudden  burst  of  light.     A.followed              B.  following      C.  to  be  followed     D.  being  followed   3.  Most  of  people______ to the  party  were  famous  scientists.     A.  invited           B.to invited      C.  being  invited     D.  inviting   4.-I am  going  to  Beijing.  Do  you  have  anything______to  your  uncle  ?   -Oh, no, thank you!     A.to take           B.to be taken     C.taking            D.to be taking   keys:DBAB      五、however/how修饰形容词、副词的语序   典型题例    ①We'll have to finish the job.______.(NMET99)     A.long it takes however     B.it takes however long     C.long however it takes     D.however long it takes   ②______,mother will wait for him to have dinner together.(NMET97)     A.However late is he     B.However late he is     C.However is he late     D.However he is late   ③If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______ great it is.(NMET95)     A.what              B.how     C.however           D.whatever   ④You can't imagine ______ when they received those nice presents.(94上海卷)     A.how they excited     B.how excited they were     C.how excited are they     D.they were how excited      讲解:当 however/how 修饰形容词、副词时,要把所修饰的词紧放在其后,从而构成 “however/how+adj./adv +主语+谓语”表达方式。   拓展训练    1.______he is ,he always help others.     A.No matter how much busy     B.However busy     C.Whatever          D.What   2.He has a habit of keeping diary every day, ______.     A.No matter how late it is     B.However late is it     C.However late he is     D.However late it will be   3.You can't guess ______ when he was admissed by Beijing University.     A.how he was happy     B.how happy was he     C.how happy he was  D.he was how happy   keys:BAC      六、短语动词中宾语的词序   典型题例    ①-Smoking is bad for your health.   -Yes, I know. But I simply can't ______    (2002春季卷)     A.give it up   B.give it in     C.give it out   D.give it away   ②I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please______?(NMET95)     A.turn it on   B.turn it down     C.turn it up   D.turn it off      讲解: 由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词,当其宾语是名词时,宾语可以放在整个短语之后,也可以插在动词与副词之间,但宾语是代词时,代词只能放在动词与副词之间。   拓展训练    1.  If  you  don't  know  the  word,  why  don’t you ______in  the  dictionary?     A.  look at  it        B. look after it      C.  look  up  it     D.  look  it  up   2.  Yeaterday I______,but be wasn't at home.     A.  called  at  my  uncle            B.  called  on  my  uncle     C. dropped  on  my  uncle         D.dropped  in  at  my  uncle   keys:DB    七、双重疑问句的语序   典型题例    ①______be  sent  to  work  there?    (2002上海卷)     A.Who  do  you  suggest              B.Who  do  you  suggest  that should     C.Do you suggest whom taht     D.Do you suggest whom should   ②______ you have seen both fighters, ______ will win?    (95上海卷)     A.Since,  do you think who      B.  As,  who  you think     C. When,  whoever         D.  Since,  who do  you think      讲解: 有 “think,  believe,  say,  know,  suggest,  imagine,propese    等引导的一般疑问句,在句中起插入语的作用。由于插入语的一般疑问句已经采用了疑问语序,故它后边的部分须用正常的陈述语序,这种结构称之为双重疑问句。   拓展训练    1.  What  do  you  think______do  for  the  people?     A.  we  should        B.  should  we      C.  how  should      D.  when  should   2.What do you suppose ______there?     A.  has  been  happened      B.  happened      C.  has  happened            D.  was  happened   keys:AC    八、使用插入语的语序   典型题例    He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.    (98上海卷)     A.which  I  think  is        B.  which  I think it is      C.  which  I  thlnk  it      D.  I  think which  is      讲解: 在英语中, I  think,  I know,  I say,  I  believe    等通常可以作为插入语置于句中,对句子起修饰作用,而句子仍然用正常语序,即陈述语气。   拓展训练    1.  The  earth, ______ round.     A.  you  know  it  is     B.  do  you  know  is      C.  you  know  it is       D.  you  know  is   2.You ______ do  it  again。     A.  I  suggested          B.  I  suggest  you      C.  I  ask               D.  I  suggest   keys:DD    九、名词性从句的语序 典型题例    ①He asked______for the violin.(NMET92)     A.  did  I  pay  how  much      B.  I  paid  how  much     C.  how  much  did  I  pay      D.  how  much  I  paid   ②No  one  can  be  sure ______ in  a  million  years.(NMET91)     A.  what  man will look  like      B.  what will  man  look  like     C.  man  will  look  like  what      D.  what  look will  man  like      讲解: 在 what,  which,  who, when等引导的名词性从句中,从句的语序要用陈述语气。   拓展训练    1.Three  photos will  show  you______.     A.what  does  our village  look  like      B.  what  our village  looks Iike     C.how  does  our village  look  like      D.how  our  village  looks  like   2.Can you make sure ______the gold ring?     A. where  Alice  had  put      B.  where  had  Alice put     C.where Alice  has  put       D. where  has Alice  put   keys:BC     第三课时   十、as引导让步状语从句的语序   典型题例    ①______, I have  seen  anyone  who  is  as  capable  as  John.    (2001上海卷)     A.  As  long  as  I  have travelled      B.  Now that  I  have teavelled     C.  Much  as  I  have travelled      D.  As  I  have  travelled  so  much   ②______,He  doesn't  study  well.(MET85)     A.  As  he  is clever        B.  He  is as clever      C.  Clever as he is     D.  As clever he is      讲解: 当as引导让步状语从句时,要将句中作表语的形容词,名词(前面不可用冠词)及作状语的副词及部分谓语动词提至as前。   拓展训练    1.______,she knows a lot.     A.Young as he is   B.As he is young     C.He is as young   D.Young he is as   2.______,  I  can  catch you easliy.     A.You  run as fast     B.  Fast as you run      C.You as run fast      D.As fast you run   3.______ ,  you  are sure to fail  again.     A.  You  might try  as     B.Might as  you  try      C.  As  you  might try     D.Try as you might   keys:ABD      十一、so置于句首的语序   典型题例    ①So  difficult______  it  to  live  in  an  Englishspeaking  country  that  I  determined to      learn  English.    (2001上海卷)     A.  I  have  felt         B.  have  I  felt     C.  I  did  feel          D.  did  I  feel   ②So ______     that  no fish  can  live  in  it    (92上海卷)     A.the  lake  is shollow      B.  shollow the  lake  is     C. shollow  is the  lake     D.  is  the  lake  shollow      讲解: 当 so充当程度副词,其意义为“如此,那样”置于句首时,其后的句序要使用部分倒装。   拓展训练    1.So  carelessly ______that  he  almost  killed  himself.     A.  he drives           B.  he  drove      C.  does  he  drove     D.  did  he drive   2.So  ______     that we  all  couldn’t  catch  up  with  him.     A.fast could  he  run      B.  could  he  run  fast     C  he  run  fast could     D.  fast  he  could  run   keys:DA   ③-You  forgot your  purse  when  you  went  out.   Good  heavens!______。    (2002上海卷)     A.  So  did  I          B.  so  I  did      C.I did so               D.I so  did   ④-It was  careless  of you  to  have  your  clothes outside  all  nlght.    -My  God!______。    (99上海卷)     A.So did I    [ZZ(Z)B[ZZ]].So I did     C.So were you   D.So did you   ⑤-David has made great progress recently.   -______,and ______.    (97上海卷)         A.So he has, so you have     B.So he has, so have you     C.So he has, so have you     D.So has he, so you hvae      讲解: so 放在句首有两方面的含义:(1)代替上文中的形容词、名词或动词等,通常表示前边所说的情况也适合其他的人或物。其句型为“ so+be(have,do,    其它助动词或情态动词)+主语”(2)如果主语指的是同一个人或同一个事物,即单独重复上文的意思,主谓要用正常语序。其句型为“ so +主语 +be(have,do,其它的助动词或情态动词)”   拓展训练     1.-John won  the first  prize  in  the  contest.-______.     A.So he did              B.So did he     C.So he did, too   D.So did he, too   2.-I  passed  the  driving  test  last  week.   -Congratulations.______.     A. So I have               B.So have I     C.So did I                 D.I have so   keys:AC    十二、Neither/Nor置于句首
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