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高考 “词序·语序”考点大盘点
词序是高考命题的常考内容,同时也是中学英语的重点和难点。为了便于同学们更好地复习和掌握词序和语序的用法,本文拟就将高考命题中所出现的考查词序、语序的考点予以盘点归类,以期对同学们有所帮助,现分述如下,仅供参考。
第一课时
一、a、an的词序
典型题例
①______role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. (2002春季上海卷)
A.How interesting B.How an interesting
C.What interesting D.What an interesting
②It is______ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it. (98上海高考)
A. so unusual B. such unusual
C.such an unusual D. so an unusual
③______box can not be lifted by a boy of five. (92上海高考)
A. So a heavy B. So heavy a
C. A such heavy D. Such heavy a
④Oh, John. ______you gave us! (MET90)
A. How a pleasant surprise
B. How pleasant surprise
C. What a pleasant surprise
D. What pleasant surprise
讲解: 在表示“如此……”时应使用 “such a/an +adj. +名词”或“ so/too/ rather/quite/what a/an…+ 名词”表达方式。
拓展训练
1.This is ______ difficult book that I can’t read it well。
A. such a B. so a C. too a D. by far
2.He is ______ teacher that all of us like him.
A. a such good B. such good a
C. a so good D. so good a
3.-Mum, what shall we have for lunch?
-Dumplings.
-Oh, what______wonderful lunch!
A.an B.the C.a D./
keys: A B C
④It is generally believed that teaching is______it is a science。(NMET2001)
A.an art much as B.much an art as
C.as an art much D.as much an art as
⑤Have you ever______as tall as this one?
A.a tree B.such tree
C.an tree D.tree
讲解: 在比较级结构中,表示一方与另一方相等或不相等时,常用 “…as(not+so/as)+原级+ a/an+ 名词 +as…” 或 “…a/an +名词 +as +原级+ as …”结构。 “a/an +名词”应放在原级比较中间或前面。
拓展训练
1.He is not ______ her.
A.as good player as B.so good a player as
C.as a good player as D. so a good player as
2. This is ______ those made in Changchun.
A. a truck as good as B. as a truck as good
C. so good a truck as D. a good as truck as
keys:B A
二、多个名词修饰语的词序
典型题例
①As I know there is______car in this neighbourhood. (2001上海卷)
A.no such B.no a
C.not such D. no such a
②If you want to change for a double room, you will have to pay______$5.(NMET2000)
A.another B.other
C.more D. each
③-How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
-It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ______days at the seaside. (NMET95)
A.few last sunny B. last few sunny
C.last sunny few D. last few sunny
④Tony is going camping with ______boys (MET93)
A.little two other B.two little other
C.two other little D.little other two
讲解: 多个修饰语并列修饰一个名词时,总的顺序为“限定词十形容词+名词”。限定词的排列顺序为: all/both/half/double /倍数词/分数词+冠词/指示代词/物主代词/名词所有格/ some/any/no/every/each +基数词/序数词 /little/few/last/next/other/another/more, 形容词的排列顺序为:大小、长短、高低、新旧、颜色、国籍、材料、用途、类别等。如:
1. He is a kind honest old man.
2. This useless old geography book doesn't belong to me.
3. My house is finished with three comfortable dark brown chairs.
特别提示:
①在表示“另、再、又”的意义时通常用“ another +数词+名词”或“数词+ more / other+名词”的词序排列。
② 当 such 与 some, any, no, every ,each, all, another, other, several, few, many, one, two 等连用时, such须置于这些词后。
拓展训练
1.—Do you need anything else ?
Yes, we still need ______ aircraft.
A.more two B.two more
C.other two pieces of
D.two other pieces of
2.We drink ______coffee at the cafe.
A.very good hot B.some very hot good
C.some very good hot D.some good very hot
3.He saw nothing but a ______table in the farm house.
A.round small wooden B.small round wooden
C.round wooden small D.small wooden round
4. When I was a child my grandmother told me______stories.
A. many such funny B. such many funny
C.many funny such D.funny many such
Keys:BCCA
三、enough 的词序
典型题例
①______ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.(NMET2000)
A. Brave enough students
B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough
D. Students enough brave
②If l had______I'd visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.(NMET98)
A. a long enough holiday
B. an enough long holiday
C.a holiday enough long
D. a long holiday enough
③-Mum, I think l’m______ to get back to school.
-Not really, my dear, you’d better stay at home for another day or two. (MET93)
A. so well B. so good
C. well enough D. good enough
讲解: 一般情况下,enough充当形容词修饰名词时,可放在所修饰的名词前边或后面,而enough充当副词修饰形容词或副词时,须放在所修饰的形容词或副词后边。
拓展训练
1.I have ______ to tell you.
A. something good enough
B. something enough good
C.enough good something
D. good enough something
2. Do you have ______ to lend me to buy the book?
A. enough money B. money well
C. many enough D. money much
keys : A A
第二课时
四、后置定语的词序
典型题例
①All the people______the party were his supports, (2002北京卷)
A.present B. thankful
C. interested D. important
②Don't use words, expressions, or phrases______only to people with specific knowledge. (2002上海卷)
A. being know B. having been known
C. to be known D. known
③The picture ______on the wall is painted by my nephew. (2000春季京皖卷)
A. having hung B. hunging
C. hangs D. being hung
④There are five pairs______, but I am at a loss which to buy. (99上海卷)
A.to be chosen B. to choose from
C. to choose D. for choosing
⑤The Olympic Games,______in 776 BC, didn’t include women players until 1912. NMET98)
A.first played B. to be first play
C.first playing D. to be first playing
讲解: 常见的几种修饰语后置的情况:
1.形容词修饰 something, nothing, anything, everything 等不定代词时要后置。
I have nothing important to tell you.
2.present 作“出席的”之意时,要放在所修饰的词之后。The people present are workers.
3.副词或介词短语作定语时要后置。
The man upstairs(in charge of the factory)often comes home very late.
4.以 a 开头的表语形容词如 alive, asleep, awake, alone等作定语时要后置。
Do you know the largest poet alive in your country?
5.非谓语短语动词作定语时要后置。
The building built last year/ being built now/to be built next year will be equipped with computers.
拓展训练
Who is the greatest poet ______?
A.living B. live
C.lively D.alive
2. There was a terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.
A.followed B. following
C. to be followed D. being followed
3. Most of people______ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited B.to invited
C. being invited D. inviting
4.-I am going to Beijing. Do you have anything______to your uncle ?
-Oh, no, thank you!
A.to take B.to be taken
C.taking D.to be taking
keys:DBAB
五、however/how修饰形容词、副词的语序
典型题例
①We'll have to finish the job.______.(NMET99)
A.long it takes however
B.it takes however long
C.long however it takes
D.however long it takes
②______,mother will wait for him to have dinner together.(NMET97)
A.However late is he
B.However late he is
C.However is he late
D.However he is late
③If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______ great it is.(NMET95)
A.what B.how
C.however D.whatever
④You can't imagine ______ when they received those nice presents.(94上海卷)
A.how they excited
B.how excited they were
C.how excited are they
D.they were how excited
讲解:当 however/how 修饰形容词、副词时,要把所修饰的词紧放在其后,从而构成 “however/how+adj./adv +主语+谓语”表达方式。
拓展训练
1.______he is ,he always help others.
A.No matter how much busy
B.However busy
C.Whatever D.What
2.He has a habit of keeping diary every day, ______.
A.No matter how late it is
B.However late is it
C.However late he is
D.However late it will be
3.You can't guess ______ when he was admissed by Beijing University.
A.how he was happy B.how happy was he
C.how happy he was D.he was how happy
keys:BAC
六、短语动词中宾语的词序
典型题例
①-Smoking is bad for your health.
-Yes, I know. But I simply can't ______ (2002春季卷)
A.give it up B.give it in
C.give it out D.give it away
②I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please______?(NMET95)
A.turn it on B.turn it down
C.turn it up D.turn it off
讲解: 由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词,当其宾语是名词时,宾语可以放在整个短语之后,也可以插在动词与副词之间,但宾语是代词时,代词只能放在动词与副词之间。
拓展训练
1. If you don't know the word, why don’t you ______in the dictionary?
A. look at it B. look after it
C. look up it D. look it up
2. Yeaterday I______,but be wasn't at home.
A. called at my uncle
B. called on my uncle
C. dropped on my uncle
D.dropped in at my uncle
keys:DB
七、双重疑问句的语序
典型题例
①______be sent to work there? (2002上海卷)
A.Who do you suggest
B.Who do you suggest that should
C.Do you suggest whom taht
D.Do you suggest whom should
②______ you have seen both fighters, ______ will win? (95上海卷)
A.Since, do you think who
B. As, who you think
C. When, whoever
D. Since, who do you think
讲解: 有 “think, believe, say, know, suggest, imagine,propese 等引导的一般疑问句,在句中起插入语的作用。由于插入语的一般疑问句已经采用了疑问语序,故它后边的部分须用正常的陈述语序,这种结构称之为双重疑问句。
拓展训练
1. What do you think______do for the people?
A. we should B. should we
C. how should D. when should
2.What do you suppose ______there?
A. has been happened B. happened
C. has happened D. was happened
keys:AC
八、使用插入语的语序
典型题例
He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science. (98上海卷)
A.which I think is B. which I think it is
C. which I thlnk it D. I think which is
讲解: 在英语中, I think, I know, I say, I believe 等通常可以作为插入语置于句中,对句子起修饰作用,而句子仍然用正常语序,即陈述语气。
拓展训练
1. The earth, ______ round.
A. you know it is B. do you know is
C. you know it is D. you know is
2.You ______ do it again。
A. I suggested B. I suggest you
C. I ask D. I suggest
keys:DD
九、名词性从句的语序
典型题例
①He asked______for the violin.(NMET92)
A. did I pay how much
B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay
D. how much I paid
②No one can be sure ______ in a million years.(NMET91)
A. what man will look like
B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what
D. what look will man like
讲解: 在 what, which, who, when等引导的名词性从句中,从句的语序要用陈述语气。
拓展训练
1.Three photos will show you______.
A.what does our village look like
B. what our village looks Iike
C.how does our village look like
D.how our village looks like
2.Can you make sure ______the gold ring?
A. where Alice had put
B. where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put
D. where has Alice put
keys:BC
第三课时
十、as引导让步状语从句的语序
典型题例
①______, I have seen anyone who is as capable as John. (2001上海卷)
A. As long as I have travelled
B. Now that I have teavelled
C. Much as I have travelled
D. As I have travelled so much
②______,He doesn't study well.(MET85)
A. As he is clever B. He is as clever
C. Clever as he is D. As clever he is
讲解: 当as引导让步状语从句时,要将句中作表语的形容词,名词(前面不可用冠词)及作状语的副词及部分谓语动词提至as前。
拓展训练
1.______,she knows a lot.
A.Young as he is B.As he is young
C.He is as young D.Young he is as
2.______, I can catch you easliy.
A.You run as fast B. Fast as you run
C.You as run fast D.As fast you run
3.______ , you are sure to fail again.
A. You might try as B.Might as you try
C. As you might try D.Try as you might
keys:ABD
十一、so置于句首的语序
典型题例
①So difficult______ it to live in an Englishspeaking country that I determined to learn English. (2001上海卷)
A. I have felt B. have I felt
C. I did feel D. did I feel
②So ______ that no fish can live in it (92上海卷)
A.the lake is shollow B. shollow the lake is
C. shollow is the lake D. is the lake shollow
讲解: 当 so充当程度副词,其意义为“如此,那样”置于句首时,其后的句序要使用部分倒装。
拓展训练
1.So carelessly ______that he almost killed himself.
A. he drives B. he drove
C. does he drove D. did he drive
2.So ______ that we all couldn’t catch up with him.
A.fast could he run B. could he run fast
C he run fast could D. fast he could run
keys:DA
③-You forgot your purse when you went out.
Good heavens!______。 (2002上海卷)
A. So did I B. so I did
C.I did so D.I so did
④-It was careless of you to have your clothes outside all nlght.
-My God!______。 (99上海卷)
A.So did I [ZZ(Z)B[ZZ]].So I did
C.So were you D.So did you
⑤-David has made great progress recently.
-______,and ______. (97上海卷)
A.So he has, so you have
B.So he has, so have you
C.So he has, so have you
D.So has he, so you hvae
讲解: so 放在句首有两方面的含义:(1)代替上文中的形容词、名词或动词等,通常表示前边所说的情况也适合其他的人或物。其句型为“ so+be(have,do, 其它助动词或情态动词)+主语”(2)如果主语指的是同一个人或同一个事物,即单独重复上文的意思,主谓要用正常语序。其句型为“ so +主语 +be(have,do,其它的助动词或情态动词)”
拓展训练
1.-John won the first prize in the contest.-______.
A.So he did B.So did he
C.So he did, too D.So did he, too
2.-I passed the driving test last week.
-Congratulations.______.
A. So I have B.So have I
C.So did I D.I have so
keys:AC
十二、Neither/Nor置于句首
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