高等学校英语应用能力考试A级-词汇与结构.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,选择题,常考语法,:,1.,时态和语态,2.,状语从句,3.,非谓语动词,4.,虚拟语气,5.,定语从句,6.,强调句,7.,倒装句,8.,其他,词汇与结构,一,.,时态和语态,(10,次,),1.According to the timetable,the train for,Beijing,at 9:10 pm from Monday to Friday.(2010.6),A.,was,leaving B.is leaving,C.leaves D.has leave,2.The team is going out to hold a party tomorrow after it,the project.(2010.12),A.completes B.completed,C.will complete D.will have completed,词汇与结构,表现阶段习惯性的动作和存在的状态,在时间、条件和让步状语从句表将来的动作。,一,.,时态和语态,3.By the end of next year,I,for the company for 10 years.,（,2010.12,）,A.work B.am working,C.had worked D.will have worked,词汇与结构,将来某一时刻或某行为之前所完成的动作，常与“,by the time+,句子”，“,by the end of+,现在或未来的时间状语”。（,3,次）,一,.,时态和语态,4.Last week two engineers,to help solve the technical problems of the project.(2012.6),A.have sent B.were sent,C.sent D.had sent,5.The program,to help students prepare for their first year at our college.(2013.12),A.is designed B.designed,C.designs D.has designed,词汇与结构,二、状语从句,(16,次,),1.The new drug will not be put on the,market,it has proved safe on humans.(,时间状语,2010.6,该语法点考了,2,次,),A.,if,B.until C.since D.when,2.Dont risk any of your money in the,business,you are not afraid of losing it.(,条件状语,2010.12,该语法点考了,2,次,),A.after B.before,C.unless D.when,词汇与结构,Not until,直到,才，主句的谓语通常为瞬间动词。,引导条件状语从句的连词有,if,unless,so/as long as(,只要,),so far as(,只要,),on condition that(,如果,),in case,suppose,supposing.,二、状语从句,(16,次,),3.people invest money in this company,they believe it will make profit.(,原因状语,2011.12),A.,though,B.because,C.unless D.until,4.There was no proof to show that Charles had committed the crime,he was set free.(,结果状语,2012.12),A.but B.for C.or D.so,词汇与结构,还有由,now that,，,seeing that,in that,for the reason that,引出。,引导结果状语从句的连词有,so that,so,that,sothat,suchthat,with the result that().,二、状语从句,(16,次,),5.,you choose to contact us,you can expect our efficient and helpful service.(,让步状语,2011.12),A.No sooner than B.Ever since,C.No matter how D.Even though,词汇与结构,让步状语从句通常由,although,though,however,whatever,whoever,no matter(how,what,etc),even if,even though,。,三,.,非谓语动词,(12,次,),1.,great losses in the financial crisis,the company closed down last year.(2012.6),A.Being suffered B.To suffer,C.Having suffered D.suffered,2.The company is offering a five percent discount to customers as a way,its online sales.(2012.6),A.promoting B.promoted,C.to promote D.promotes,词汇与结构,逻辑主语,company,和从句动词,suffer,是主动关系，,遭受损失发生在倒闭之前。,as a way to do sth.,作为某事的一种方式，不定式为定语。,三,.,非谓语动词,(12,次,),3.The proposal,at the meeting now is of great importance to our department.(2010.6),A.,being discussed,B.to be discussed,C.having discussed D.discussing,词汇与结构,四,.,虚拟语气,(4,次,),1.Tom might not have made such a serious mistake if he,your advice.(2010.6),A.,followed,B.follows,C.had followed D.has followed,词汇与结构,例：,、,If I had come here yesterday,I would have seen him.,、,If I were a teacher,I would be strict with my students.,、,If it should snow tomorrow,they couldnt go out.,非真实条件句对三种时间的虚拟,条件从句,主句,现在,动词的过去式（,be,的过去式一般用,were,）,would/should/could/might+,动词原形,过去,had+,过去分词,would/should/could/might+have+,过去分词,将来,动词过去式,(did/were),were to+,动词原形，,should+,动词原形,would/should/could/might+,动词原形,四,.,虚拟语气,(4,次,),2.Every Monday morning when I am in my small office,I wish I,in a multinational company.(2011.6),A.were working B.have worked,C.am to work D.work,词汇与结构,四,.,虚拟语气,(4,次,),词汇与结构,Wish,引导的虚拟语气虚拟语气用在,wish,后的宾语从句中，（常常省去连词,that,），表示不可能实现的愿望。,1,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,构成：主语,+wish(that)+,从句主 语,(,动词过去式,be,一律用,were,）,例如：,IwishI knew everything in the world.,2.,表示与过去事实相反的愿望,构成：主语,+wish(that)+,从句 主语,+(had+,过去分词,),例如：,Iwishthat you had called yesterday.,3,表示将来不大可能实现的愿望,构成：主语,+wish(that)+,从句主语,+(would/should/could/might+,原形动词,),例如：,Iwishthat he would try again.,五、定语从句,(7,次,),1.In fact,there are different reasons,people are working long hours.(,2012.6,该语法点考了,3,次,),A.where,B.which C.why D.how,2.We take great pride in our campus,is one of the most beautiful university settings in the country.(2013.12),A.where B.which,C.what D.when,词汇与结构,how,不用于定从，,where,表地点，,which,表物，,why,表原因,六、强调句,(4,次,),1.It was not until yesterday,the business negotiation finally came to a successful end.(,2013.12),A.,when,B.that C.since D.after,2.It was because of his good performance at the interview,he got the job with the big company.(2010.6),A.so B.what,C.that D.how,词汇与结构,七、倒装,(6,次,),1.Only when we hurried to the airport,the business negotiation finally come to a successful end.(,2010.6),A.we found B.did we find,C.have we found D.we have found,2.No sooner,his job in a small company than he received an offer from a big international firm.(2013.12),A.he quit B.he had quit,C.had he quit D.does he quit,词汇与结构,七、倒装,(6,次,),1.,省略,if,的虚拟条件从句的倒装是将,were,had,和,should,移至主语前。,e.g.should he come tomorrow,he would help us with our work.,2.so,neither/nor,开头。,结构为,So+be(have,助动词、情态动词,)+,主语；,neither/nor+be(have,助动词、情态动词,)+,主语。,3.,句首为否定意义的词。如,never,not only,not until,hardly/scarecelywhen,seldom,no sooner than,in no way,等。,4.,句首为,“only+,副词,”,、,“only+,介词词组,”,、,“only+,状语分句,”,时。,词汇与结构,填空题,Steps:,1.,根据句子理解句子意思。,2.,根据填空题前后的词性确定所填单词的词性、数目、时态、语态。,词汇与结构,词汇与结构,近几年常考题型,:,1.,单词的名词形式（出现,13,次）。,e.g.Employers in a small,(organize)are especially interested in individuals with good communication skills.,需要考虑填名词形式的情况。,缺少的部分是句子（从句）的主语、宾语。,1,、前面有形容词修饰。,2.,前面有定冠词,“the”,、不定冠词“,a,、,an,、,many,、,any,”、不定代词“,your,his,her,their.etc,”且空的后面不为名词时,.,3.,前面同时有“,1,”和“,2,”的情况。,例外：,the+,形容词,=,名词。,organization,词汇与结构,4.“of”,的后面，且其后没有名词,。,e.g.The paint on the fence came off as the result of,(expose)to the rain.,5.“With”,的后面，前面可以有形容词。,注意：注意名词单复数形式。,Exercise:Model Test 7.,exposure,词汇与结构,2.,单词的形容词形式（出现,15,次）。,e.g.Of all the marketing plans proposed at the meeting,this one is believed to be,the,(practical).,需要考虑填形容词形式的情况。,缺少的部分是定语或表语时。,1,、在系动词和感官动词如“,feel,taste,、,smell,、,look,、,sound,”后面做表语。,2,、后面有名词。,3.,前面有定冠词,“the”,、不定冠词“,a,、,an,、,many,”、指示代词“,your,his,her,their.etc,”且空的后面为名词时,.,most practical,词汇与结构,4.“of”,的后面，且其后有名词,。,5.“With”,的后面，其后有名词。,注意：注意形容词有原形、比较级、最高级形式。,有些动词的,-ed,和,-ing,形式可以做形容词。,Exercise(2013.12):,1.we make every effort to ensure that our transaction process is safe and that,your,(person)information is secure.,2.It is not,(surprise)that this new style of handbag is mainly purchased by young women.,3.Sales in the first half of the year were,(slow)than expected,but they are expecting stronger sales in the second half.,personal,surprising,slower,词汇与结构,3.,单词的动词形式（出现,39,次）。,e.g.At the end of yesterdays interview,she,(offer)the position advertised in the newspaper.,场合：,1,、谓语动词形式。,2,、非谓语形式，动词的,-,ed,-,ing,to+,动词。,3,、固定搭配,was offered,词汇与结构,1,）,.,谓语动词,(,主句或从句中的谓语,21,次,),动词有时态，过去，现在，将来时,动词有语态，,主动、被动,动词有数的变化。（复数、第三人称单数）,e.g.The total output of this,factory,(double)since it was put into operation in 2006.,Most of the high school students,who,(interviewed)yesterday believed that they should continue with their education,。,It is reported that the construction of the new subway,(complete)next month.,has doubled,were interviewed,will be completed,词汇与结构,2,）,.,非谓语动词（,9,次）,to do,doing,done;,e.g.According to the survey,(conduct)recently,52%of American business people booked their business travel online last year.,Please read through the information below before,(fill)in your application.,I got to the station,only,(find)that the train was pulling out.,conducted,filling,to find,词汇与结构,3,）,.,固定搭配（,9,次）,V+to do,V+doing,V+done;,e.g.Weve agreed,(transfer)part of our business to a new owner.,Young volunteers enjoy,(help)the senior citizens in their everyday life.,He asked the applicant to have her cell,Phone,(turn)off during the interview.,Exercises:Model Test 4.,to transfer,helping,turned,词汇与结构,4.,单词的副词形式（出现,9,次）。,e.g.Its important to realize how,(quick)this disease can spread over the globe.,In order to deal,(effective)with the frequent railroad accidents,a special committee has been set up.,（,obvious,）,the company does not seem to care much about its customer services.,quickly,effectively,Obviously,场合：,1.,在感叹句中“,how,”、,“what”.,2.,修饰动词和形容词,3.,单独做状语。,Exercises:Model test 2,。,