英语新世纪8A知识点.doc

8A U1- U2 知识点
Writing:
A Visit to Helen’s Family
Last week I went to visit my Net-pal, Helen’s family. She has just moved into a new housing estate. Since this was my first to her home, she introduced me to her parents. They were glad to see me. I took them a Chinese painting. It looked very nice. They liked it very much. Then they showed me around their rooms. The rooms were big and beautiful. After that we had a big meal and the dishes tasted delicious. I had a wonderful time and learned more western culture and customs.

Robots
Robots can help human beings in many ways. At home, they can help with the housework. At school, they can help students with all school subjects. In factories, they can help with difficult and dangerous jobs. In offices, they can help secretaries type letters, send faxes and so on. In hospitals , they can help doctors perform operations and look after patients. In brief, Robots are very important for us in modern society.
Language points:
U1L1:
1. be able to ------ is / am/ are able to
Was/ were able to
Will be able to
Have/has been able to
2. ought to = should (没有人称，数和时态的变化)
3. It’s my first time to come here. 这是我第一次来这儿。
It’s my first visit(名词) to your house. 这是我第一次拜访你家。
4. What does the monitor do? = What’s the use of the monitor? = What’s the monitor for? = What can you do with the monitor? -------- It’s for doing = We can use it for doing/ to do
5. use (v) --- useless (adj) 没用的---useful （adj）有用的---- usefully (adv)
6. visit : n a visit to sp eg. What about a visit to the museum?
It’s my first visit to Shanghai.
V visit sp eg. What about visiting the museum?
It’s my first time to visit Shanghai.
7. able (adj) --- enable (v) : enable sb to do sth --- ability (n) 能力
8. book a ticket for cinema.
9. stop sb from doing 阻止某人做某事
Stop to do 停下来去做（另外一件事） ---- stop doing 停止做某事
10. make our lives more convenient and interesting
Find the boy very cute
Keep our classroom clean and tidy
11. among 三者之间 between 两者之间
12. joy (n) 高兴，快乐 to one’s joy 另某人高兴 enjoy (v) +doing enjoyable (adj) 快乐的
13．Help sb do sth = help sb with sth
14. invent (v) – inventor (n) --- invention (n)
U1L2:
1. 不定代词用法：
⑴指认：someone/body anyone/body everyone/ body no one/ nobody
指物：something anything everything nothing
⑵ 与some连用的代词，一般用于肯定句；与any连用的代词，一般用于否定及疑问句；与no连用的代词，肯否都可以。
⑶ 不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用作单数
⑷ 形容词修饰不定代词要后置
⑸ 当说话者希望得到肯定回答或提出建议，请求时，something可以用于疑问句
Could you tell me something about your secret of success.
2. Could you help me study English? ---- With pleasure. Thank you. ---- It’s a pleasure.
3. be different from ----- difference (n)
e.g: It ‘s difficult for us to tell the ________ between these two words.
ordinary (adj) ----- ordinarily (adv)
difficult (adj) ----- difficulty (n)
e.g. It was ________ for human beings to predict weather in the past.
dangerous (adj) ---- danger (n) in danger/ out of danger
4. like (v) 喜欢 + doing ---- dislike Like (prep 介词) 像。。。。 ----- unlike
5. please (v) ---- pleased (adj) be pleased with --- pleasant (adj) a pleasant trip---- pleasure (n)
It gave me much __________ to have been working with you.
I am very _________ with what he said just now.
6. memory (n) ---- memorize (v)
e.g. This passage is very important, so the teacher asked her students to _________ it.
real (adj) ---- really (adv)
e.g.. You are _______ wrong, aren’t you?
7. be afraid of difficult and dangerous jobs 害怕困难而危险的工作
Be afraid to do difficult and dangerous jobs 害怕做困难而又危险的工作
8. medicine (n) 医学，医疗---- medical (adj) 医学的，医疗的
e..g. Sam is a ________ worker. He works as a doctor at the hospital.
9. operate (v) 给。。。做手术 operate on sb== perform an operation on sb 给某人做手术(医生)------ operation (n) 手术，操作
Have an operation 动手术 （指病人）
e.g The doctor is __________ on the heart of the boy now.
10. industry (n) ---- industrial (adj)
Practice doing/ finish doing/ enjoy doing/ mind doing
U1L3:
1. 感叹句：
How + adj/ adv +主语+谓语
What a/ an + adj + n (单) + 主语+ 谓语
What + adj + n(名词复数/ 不可数名词)+ 主语 +谓语
经常用于感叹句中的不可数名词有：news, information, work, weather, advice, fun, music, etc.
在感叹句中，某些不可数名词如 time, help, lunch, life, rain, etc 前加上形容词修饰，则可以用a/ an
2. move into a new housing estate. 搬进新的住宅区
moved (adj) 感动的 （人）---- moving (adj) 感人的
3. be made of (看得出原材料)
be made from (看不出原材料)
be made in 在。。。制造
4. the same as 和。。。。一样的 ---- at the same time 同时
the same + n + as
the same size as = as big as
the same length as = as long as
the same weight as = as heavy as
the same age as = as old as
5. 序列词：first , next, then, finally
6. finish watching TV 看完电视
7. turn the volume up or down. 把音量调高或调低
8. much better = far better= a lot better 好很多
9. Would you like to do ….? ----- Yes, I ‘d love to
10. a 42- inch TV = 42 inches’ TV
11. give us more free time to enjoy ourselves. 给我们更多的自由时间享受生活
free (adj) --- freely (adv)--- freedom (n)
12. We spent a lot of time doing housework. in the past.
We spent a lot of time on housework in the past.
It took us a lot of time to do housework in the past.
13. with the help of … 在。。。帮助下
U2L1:
1. open the present in front of sb 在某人面前打开礼物
2. give a present to the host= give the host a present 给男主人一份礼物
3. put up a Chinese painting 张贴一幅中国国画
4. shake hands with a foreign visitor. ---- shook, shaken
5. communicate with a local friend ----- communication (n)
6. 是介绍某人与他人相识的常用语：
I’d like you to meet sb.== Let me introduce you to …== May I introduce you to….?
7. show sb around sp == take sb to visit sp 带领某人参观某地
8. 原因状语从句：since….. ， you’d better/ why not/ you should / you ought to/ you will/ I advise you to ……
9. It’s necessary for you to know something about Western culture and customs.
Necessary (adj)------ unnecessary (adj)---- necessity (n)
10. It’s polite to take a present for the host or hostess.
Polite (adj)---- impolite (adj)---- politely (adv)---- politeness (n)
Be polite to 对。。。有礼貌的
We should be polite to others. 我们应该对他人有礼貌。
11. One present from all of you is fine. 你们合送一份礼物就可以了
12. be busy doing= be busy with sth 忙于做某事
13. have a good reason. 有一个充分的理由。
14. receive a letter from sb = get a letter from sb = hear from sb 收到某人的来信。
15. response (n ) in response to 作为对。。。的答复 ------- respond (v) respond to a question 答复问题------- responsible (adj) be responsible for = be in charge of = take charge of 对。。。负责， 负责，掌管
e.g. She laughed in response to his jokes.
16. local (adj) 当地的 ----- locate (v) be located in (大地方，内部)/ at (小地方)/ on(接壤)/ to (不接壤)----- location (n) 方位，位置
U2L2:
1. so… that … 引导的原因状语从句
当主从句主语一致时，且that从句为否定，可用too…. to …. 替换
当主从句主语一致时，且that从句为肯定，可用enough … to… 替换
当主从句主语不一致时，且that从句为否定，可用too for sb to … 替换
当主从句主语不一致时，且that从句为肯定，可用enough for sb to … 替换
2. return to sp== go back to sp
3. invite sb to dinner / invite sb to have dinner == treat sb to dinner
invitation (n) 邀请函
4. What’s your speciality? 你们的特色菜是什么？
special (adj) --- specially (adv)== especially
5. May I take your order now? 现在可以请您点菜了吗？----- Yes, please.
6. have …. for… 点。。。 作为。。。
have two cups of mushroom soup for starter.
7. How would you like your steak? 你想要怎样的牛排？
How do you like the steak? = what do you think of the steak? 你觉得这个牛排怎么样？
8. coming right up! 马上就好。
9. May I have the bill? 把账单给我好吗？
10. Let’s go Dutch, shall we?== Shall we go Dutch? == What/ How about going Dutch? == Why not go Dutch?------ That’s a good idea./ Great/ OK
11. Let me leave the tip. 让我付小费。
12. How kind of you! 你真是太好了！ all kinds of 各种各样的
13. tip 小费；指点，忠告（可数名词）== advice (不可数名词)
14. service (n) ----- serve (v) 为。。。服务== server (n) 服务生
15. salt 盐---- salty （adj） 咸的
16. dessert 甜点---- desert 沙漠
4