四、六级作文的12个基本句式.doc

以下是四六级短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1－2个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。        
1．表示原因
        　　1）There are three reasons for this．
        　　2）The reasons for this are as follows．
        　　3）The reason for this is obvious．
        　　4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
        　　5）The reason for this is that．．．
        　　6）We have good reason to believe that．．．
例如：         　　There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life． Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly， most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like． Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life． 　
        　　注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。       
       2．表示好处
        　　1）It has the following advantages．
        　　2）It does us a lot of good．
        　　3）It benefits us quite a lot．
        　　4）It is beneficial to us．
        　　5）It is of great benefit to us．
        　　例如：         　　Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better， and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore， reading extensively is of great benefit to us．       
       3．表示坏处
        　　1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
        　　2）It does us much harm．
        　　3）It is harmful to us．
        　　例如：         　　However，everything divides into two． Television can also be harmful to us． It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.
4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
        　　1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth．
        　　2）We think it necessary to do sth．
        　　3）It plays an important role in our life．
        　　例如：
         　　Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government， in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home， too． We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
       5．表示措施
        　　1）We should take some effective measures．
        　　2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．
        　　3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
        　　4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．
        　　例如：
         　　The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious． Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．
              6．表示变化
        　　1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
        　　2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications．
        　　3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．
        　　例如：
         　　Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years． The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays， more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein， and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事实、现状
        　　1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．
        　　2）No one can deny the fact that．．．
        　　3）There is no denying the fact that．．．
        　　4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．
        　　5）However，that’s not the case．
        例如：         　　 We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution． To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution． The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．       
        8．表示比较
        　　1）Compared with A，B．．．
        　　2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．
        　　3）There is a striking contrast between them．
        　　例如：         　　Compared with cars， bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly， they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly， they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least， they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．
              9．表示数量
        　　1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
        　　2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．
        　　3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．
        　　例如：
         　　With the improvement of the living standard， the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．
        　　再如：        　　From the graph listed above， it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
        　　注：“From the graph listed above，it can be seen that”见句式12。考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起，便可较好地写出2002年6月CET －4、6短文写作的第一段。
10．表示看法
        　　1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．
        　　2）People have different opinions on this problem．
        　　3）People take different views of（on）the question．
        　　4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
        　　例如：
        　　People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．
         　　Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor． However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．
        　　再如：
        　　Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．
        　　注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
               11．表示结论
        　　1）In short，it can be said that ．．．
        　　2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．
        　　3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．
        　　例如：         　　From what has been mentioned above， we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．
        　　注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。
        12．套语
        　　1）It’s well known to us that ．．．
        　　2）As is known to us，．．．
        　　3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
        　　4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．．
        　　5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．
        　　例如：
        　　As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．
         　　The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays， the society is changing and developing rapidly， and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower．As college students， we must get in touch with the world outside the campus． Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．
        　　再如：
        　　Does it pay to be honest？ This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．

~~~加分句型：
一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）
例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）
例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...）
例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）
例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的优点是...）
例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create (produce) any pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）
例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 （如此...以致于...）
例句：So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然...）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The + ~er + S + V,　
~~~the + ~er + S + V ~~~　
The + more + Adj + S + V,　
~~~the + more + Adj + S + V~~~（愈...愈...）　
例句：The　harder　you　work,　the　more　progress　you　make.　
你愈努力，你愈进步。　
The　more　books　we　read,　the　more　learned　we　become.　
我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。　
十二、By　+Ving,　~~　can　~~　（借着...，..能够..）　
例句：By　taking　exercise,　we　can　always　stay　healthy.　
借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。　
十三、~~~　enable　+　Object（受词）+　to　+　V　（..使..能够..）　
例句：Listening　to　music　enable　us　to　feel　relaxed.　
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。　
十四、On　no　account　can　we　　+　V　~~~　（我们绝对不能...）　
例句：On　no　account　can　we　ignore　the　value　of　knowledge.　
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。　
十五、It　is　time　+　S　+　过去式　（该是...的时候了）　
例句：It　is　time　the　authorities　concerned　took　proper　steps　to　solve　the　traffic　problems.　
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。　
十六、Those　who　~~~　（...的人...）　
例句：Those　who　violate　traffic　regulations　should　be　punished.　
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。　
十七、There　is　no　one　but　~~~　（没有人不...）　
例句：There　is　no　one　but　longs　to　go　to　college.　
没有人不渴望上大学。　
十八、be　+　forced/compelled/obliged　+　to　+　V　（不得不...）　
例句：Since　the　examination　is　around　the　corner,　I　am　compelled　to　give　up　doing　sports.　
既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。　
十九、It is　conceivable　that　+　句子　（可想而知的）　
It　is　obvious　that　+　句子　（明显的）　
It　is　apparent　that　+　句子　（显然的）　
例句：It　is　conceivable　that　knowledge　plays　an　important　role　in　our　life.　
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。　
二十、That　is　the　reason　why　~~~　（那就是...的原因）　
例句：Summer　is　sultry.　That　is　the　reason　why　I　don’t　like　it.　
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。　
二十一、For　the　past　　+　时间，S　+　现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）　
例句：For　the　past　two　years,　I　have　been　busy　preparing　for　the　examination.　
过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。　
二十二、Since　+　S　+　过去式，S　+　现在完成式。　
例句：Since　he　went　to　senior　high　school,　he　has　worked　very　hard.　
自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
二十三、It　pays　to　+　V　~~~　（...是值得的。）　
例句：It　pays　to　help　others.　
帮助别人是值得的。　
二十四、be　based　on　（以...为基础）　
例句：The　progress　of　thee　society　is　based　on　harmony.　
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。　
二十五、Spare　no　effort　to　+　V　（不遗余力的）　
例句：We　should　spare　no　effort　to　beautify　our　environment.　
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

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