高中英语情态动词讲解81797名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,Grammar:,Modal verbs,第1页,How many modal verbs,do you know?,第2页,can could,may might,shall should,must,will would,ought to,have to,dare (darent),need (neednt),used to,表示推测,不表示推测,modal verbs,第3页,表示推测,一定，必定 must,一定不，不可能cant,couldnt,可能必定句 may,might,could,否定句 may might not,疑问句 can,could,都能够+,do sth.表示现在,be doing,表示正在发生动作,have done表示,过去发生动作,第4页,He must have a car now.,.must,表示推测时，能够推测现在/正在发生动作/过去发生动作。他一定有一辆车,他一定在教室里做练习。,他一定已完成了工作,He must have finished the work.,He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.,第5页,一定不，不可能 cant couldnt,He cant be at home.,He couldnt have said such a thing,.,他们一定不在图书馆读书。,约翰是很聪明，他应该不会叫他儿子那样做。,They cant be reading in the library,John is very clever.He cannot have told his son to do that.,第6页,可能,必定句 could,may,might,否定句may might not（可能不）,疑问句 can,could,他可能正在睡觉。,These students may/might have seen the film before.,否定句,The boy may/might not be watching TV at home.（现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视,He may/might be sleeping now,第7页,疑问句,How could he have forgotten such an important thing?这么主要事他怎么能忘了呢？,Its so late.Where,can,she have gone?天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？,Can you have left the watch at home?你会不会把表丢在家里呢？,第8页,Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences:,1.I thought you_ like something to read.So I have brought you some books.A.ought B.might C.could D.must,2.That man must be Sarahs husband.-No,he_ be her husband.She is still single.A.cant B.mustnt C.may not D.ought to,3.Peter _come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure.A.must B.may C.can D.will,第9页,4.,What_ it be?-It_ be a mail box,for it is moving.It_ be a car.A.can;cant;must B.can;can;must C.can;mustnt;must D.must;mustnt;can,5.,Look,someone is coming.Guess_.-Jack.Hes always on time.A.who can it be B.who he may C.who he can be D.who it can be,第10页,6.,I saw Mary in the library yesterday.-You_ her.She is still abroad.A.mustnt see B.cant have seen C.mustnt have seen D.couldnt see 7.David,you _play with the valuable bottle,you_ break it.A.wont;cant B.mustnt;mayC.shouldnt;must D.cant;shouldnt,第11页,表示能力,一表示能力can,could,be able to,can表示智力，体力方面能力只能用 现在或过去时。,be able to经过努力克服困难作成事情,能用于各种时态。,*,was/were able to,:,设法做成某事,相当于,managed to do sth.,succeeded in doing sth.。,第12页,can与be able to 使用方法区分常与句子时态相关,1.现在时比较,1)表示”能力”时,be able to 不用于第二人称,You are able to do the work,I think.,(X),改用can,can与感官动词feel,hear,see,smell,taste连用时,can显得可有可无,因而失去了情态动词意义,这种情况下can不能用be able to 代替,e.g.,We can see beautiful flowers and green trees here and there.,Anyone can see it is of no use.,第13页,3,)can与一些表示意念动词如：understand,remember,forget,hope,imagine,believe,suppose等连用时，一样没有情态动词意义，也不可用be able to取代,。,e.g.,I cant believe there are so many tall buildings now in my home town,2.,过去时比较,was/were able to 意含”经过努力”“凭借才能”取得”能力”常与”manage to”相通,They were short of modern machines,but they were able to complete the project in time.,第14页,二表示允许,can,could,may,might,might,could 表示更客气、委婉、礼貌请求语气。,Excuse me,could you tell me the way to the bus station?,Could you help me?,You can go now if you like.,May I smoke in the room?,第15页,三表示必须,ought to/should have to must,*,have to 能用于各种时态,且有些人称和数改变.,ought to 否定式为ought notto或者,oughtnt to,第16页,1.should 和ought to,大多数情况下，含义基本相同，should主要看主观看法，ought to更多反应客观情况，在谈到法律，要求，义务时使用。,如：you,should,try your best to pass the entrance examanations.,We,ought to,go and see hellen,but I think we have no time.,Should 还能够表示诧异，出乎意料意思,Why should he do such a thing?,第17页,2.must与have to 使用方法,前者侧重于主观意念,后者则用于表示客观条件或义务,译为”只好”“不得不”,e.g.,He must work to make his living.,He has to beg for a living.,Must没有过去式,在单句中若是过去时,须用had to,e.g.,He begged from door to door,for he had to do so to live,若在从句中,则可用must来表示过去,e.g.,He said he must manage to own a new house for Easter.,must用于疑问句，表示责备、埋怨感情色彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”；,第18页,四表示虚拟,should have done,本应该做（而没做）,should not have done,本不应该做,He shouldnt have said such a thing .他当初不应该说那种话。,We should have studied last night,but we went to the concert instead,这种句式也能用ought to,第19页,need not have done,没有必要做某事,I need not have got up so early.我原来无须要那么早起床（实际上早已起床）,I need not have waited for the train for an hour.我原来无须要等一个小时火车。（实际上已经等了一个小时）,第20页,3.,could have done,它表示“过去原来能够”实际上没能做。,If you could have finished the task in time，you could have been promoted.假如你当初能准期完成那任务话，你可能已提升了（实际上没有被提升）,I could have laughed to hear him talk like that.听他那样讲话，我差点笑出声来。,第21页,4.might have done,虚拟式表示与过去事实相反假没结果。,If she had started a little earlier，she might have been in time for the train.假如她早点出发，她有可能及时赶上火车。(实际上没有早出发，便没有赶上火车),It might have been better to stop then.假如那时就停顿话，可能比很好。,第22页,5,would have done,它表示是与过去事实相反之假设结果，意思是“当初就会了”而实际上没有,I would have helped you if I had known of your difficulties.,If it hadnt rained yesterday,we would have gone climbing.假如昨天没下雨，我们就去了。（实际上没有去）。,第23页,五其它情态动词使用方法,情态动词dare,need 通惯用于否定句或疑问句,Who dare do it?,Dare you go out alone?,dare,need 还可用作行为动词，能够用于各种句式，后面可跟加to不定式,A.who dare do it?B.He dares to do it.,A.He neednt do it B.he needs to do it,上述句子中A句为含情态动词句子，B句中dare.need 均为行为动词,第24页,注意动词 dare 一些特殊使用方法。,1）固定句型I dare say.我敢说我猜测认为,Dont worry,sir.I dare say,nobody will come again,2)作为行为动词dare在 否定句中后面能够省略,e.g:,He doesnt dare(to)go to the forest done at night.,The man never dares(to)do anything without his owners permission.,第25页,5.dare“敢”，多用在否定或疑问句中。,The little girl dare not speak in public.小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。,Dare you catch the little cat?你敢抓小猫吗?,dare 除用作情态动词外，更多是当实义动词使用，使用方法同实义动词一样，要考虑人称，单复数，时态等。,Do you dare to walk in the dark?你敢黑夜走路吗？,He doesnt dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.他不敢告诉老师那天发生事。,第26页,will,I.表现在经常发生情况,e.g.,The man will go to work every day.(=The man goes to work every day 后者更惯用),The door wont open.,II.表示“决心”“意愿”“可能”等,e.g,If you will come tonight,hell meet you,I think.,This will be the book you are looking for.,Will you come in?(=Will you please come in?),第27页,III.若表示过去，则用would,e.g.,He would take a walk after supper when he lived in the country.,He said he would help.,表示“过去经常”除了用would，还能够用used to，不过后者经常含有“现在不”之意。,e.g.,When young,he would go out for a trip on Sundays.(Now maybe still does),When young,he used to go out for a trip.(But now he doesnt),另外，would表示“过去经常”时后面动词须是某种行为或动作，不能是静态动词。,e.g.,Near the village,there _ be a stream.,A.would B.used to,第28页,Would更多用来表示语气而不是时态,Will/would you please do.,Would you like to do.,Would you mind doing.,都表示提议、问询、请求等。,e.g.,Would/Will you mind opening the windows?,I would/will do anything for you,sir.,有时甚至只能用would而不用will,e.g.,I would like.Would you like.?,They would love.He would rather,第29页,shall,I,.,表示问询或征求他人意见看法用于一、三人称,e.g.,Shall I open the door?要我开门吗？,Shall he stay here for the night?,让他留下过夜吗？,II,.表示说话人允诺，警告，命令，威胁等，用于二、三人称,e.g.,If you work well,you shall be well paid,He says he wont come,but I say he shall.,If you go there again,you shall lose what youve got.,第30页,III,表示规章，知识，预言等,Each competitor shall wear a number.,The rules shall be obeyed.,第31页,6反义疑问句,在反意疑问句中，当从属部分含有表示推测意义must,cant时，疑问部分助动词应与must,cant后面动词在非推测情况下使用方法保持一致。,1.He must be a worker,?,2.It must have rained last night,?,3.You must have learned English for many years,?,4.He cant be a teacher,?,5.She cant have finished her homework,?,didnt it,havent you,isnt he,is he,has she,第32页,Homework,1.Finish exercises12 after class.,2.Review Unit 13.,第33页,Practice:,1.Noonepassedthemathematics.-Iguesswe_theexerciseslastnight.A.couldreview B.shouldreview,C.mightreview D.shouldhavereviewed,2.She_thehospitalsosoon,forshe,hasntyetrecovered.A.wouldnthaveleftB.shouldnthaveleftC.neednthaveleft D.hadnt,第34页,1.A computer _ think for itself;it must,be told what to do.,A.cant B.couldnt,C.may not D.might not,2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly,but everyone _ get out.,A.had to B.would,C.could D.was able to,A,D,第35页,-Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?,Thank you._,A.It couldnt be better B.Of course you can,C.If you like D.Its p to you,The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _ be very slow.,A.should B.must,C.Will D.can,A,D,第36页,-May I smoke here?,-If you_,choose a seat in the,smoking section.,Should B.could C.may D.must,How_ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?,A.Should B.can C.must D.will,D,B,第37页,第38页,第39页,