初中英语情态动词公开课名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second Level,Third Level,Fourth Level,Fifth Level,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,中考复习 词汇专题（,情态动词）,考点揭密,重难点解析,经典例题分析,课时训练,第1页,考点揭密,掌握情态动词定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等动词是情态动词,。,1,2,掌握情态动词语法特征,1,）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生事情，只表示期待或预计某事发生。,2,）情态动词 除,ought,和,have,外，后面只能接不带,to,不定式。,3,）情态动词没有些人称，数改变，即情态动词第三人称单数不加,-s,。,4,）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。,第2页,can,可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测，意为“能，会，能够”；,cant,意为“不会，不能，不能够”，还有“不可能”之意。,could,为,can,过去式，使用方法与,can,类似，惯用于过去时中；,could,还可用于现在时中表示委婉客气，相当于,can,；,could,也可表示诧异怀疑，不相信，如：,He couldnt be a thief.,3,1,can,掌握惯用情态动,can,could,may,might,must,need,shall,will,should,would,等使用方法。,考点揭密,第3页,考点揭密,2,may,表示允许、可能，意为“能够，可能，可能”。对,may,普通问句回答，必定回答普通是：,Yes,please./,Certainly./Sure,等，否定回答普通是：,Please dont./No,，,you cant/mustnt.,might,是,may,过去式，与,may,使用方法类似，惯用于过去时中；用在疑问句中，还可表示委婉客气。,may,第4页,考点揭密,3,must,表示必须要做事，意为“必须，应该”。,must,普通问句否定回答用,neednt,或,dont have to,而不用,mustnt,，,mustnt,意为“不能够，不能”，表禁止，不许可。另外，,must,还可表示有把握推测，意为“一定、必定”。,must,过去式还是,must,。,must,4,need,作情态动词主要用于问句和否定句中，意为“必要”。,need,普通问句必定回答用,must,，否定回答用,neednt,，如：,Need I do it right now?,必定回答：,Yes,you must,。否定回答：,No,you neednt.need,作行为动词，有些人称、数和时态改变，后接动词要加,to do,不定式。,need,在回答以,must,开头普通疑问句时，否定式需用,need not(neednt),，表示“无须”意思。如：,Must we hand in our exercises today?,Yes,you must.(No,you neednt),第5页,考点揭密,5,shall,will,用来征求对方意见，,shall,用于第一人称，,will,用于第二人称，用来表示意愿；,shall,用于第二、第三人称，,will,用于第一人称。,6,would,should,为,will,，,shall,过去式，,would,用于现在时，表示委婉提出请求、提议或看法，如,Would you please not do it again?should,还有“应该”意思，但语气比,must,弱。,第6页,重难点解析,1,怎样选取,can,和,may,情态动词,can,和,may,都能表示“可能性”。如：,He may be right.,他可能对。,He cant be right.,他不可能对。,那么，在表示可能性这个概念时，二者区分是什么呢？,第7页,二者所适用句子类型不一样。普通说来，,can,多用于疑问句和否定句，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；而,may,则多用于陈说句（必定），表示一个揣测。,如：,Can it be true?No,it can not be true.,Where can they be now?,I hear there may be a few copies left.,What he said may not be right.,重难点解析,第8页,二者所强调意思不一样。普通来说，,can,强调客观上可能性，而,may,则强调主观上推测或判断。,如：,Man cannot live without air or water.,She may be in the library,I suppose.,She may not be there today.,重难点解析,第9页,二者表示语气不一样。在否定句中，,can,表示否定语气较强，意为“不可能”；而,may,表示否定语气较弱，意为“可能不”或“可能不”。,如：,That cannot be true.(=It is impossible that that is true.),That may not be true.(=It is possible that that is not true.),依据以上分析，我们能够归纳为三条标准：,(1),在必定句中用,may,不用,can;,(2),在疑问句中用,can,不用,may;,(3),在否定句中，若语气必定，表示“不可能”时用,can,not,，若语气不必定，表示“可能不”时用,may not.,重难点解析,第10页,现在时：,can,与,be able to,一样，但后者不惯用。,如：,He can write well.,He is able to write well.,但,be able to,后不能接被动语态不定式。如,The star cannot be see.,（正）,The star is not able to be seen.,（误）,重难点解析,2,浅析,can,和,be able to,区分,第11页,未来时：,can,没有未来式，此时要用,will be able to,。,如：,I will be able to speak English in three years.,但决定未来是否有能力时，也惯用,can,。如,Can you come to see us nest Sunday?,重难点解析,过去时，,could,表示普通能力，,was/were able to,表示详细场所能力。如,My father could speak English.,He was able to translate this story into French.,How many eggs were you able to get?,Could,否定式也可表示详细场所能力。,The question was so difficult that he wasnt able to/couldnt answer it.,第12页,重难点解析,3,比较,can,和,be able to,can/could,表示能力；可能,(,过去时用,could),只用于现在式和过去式,(could),。,be able to,能够用于各种时态。,They will be able to tell you the news soon.,他很快就能告诉你消息了,只用,be able to,a.,位于助动词后。,b.,情态动词后。,c.,表示过去某时刻动作时。,d.,用于句首表示条件。,第13页,重难点解析,e.,表示成功地做了某事时，只能用,was/were able to,，不能用,could,。,He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.=He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.,注意：,could,不表示时态,1,）提出委婉请求，（注意在回答中不可用,could,）。,-Could I have the television on?,-Yes,you can./No,you cant.2,）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。,He couldnt be a bad man.,他不大可能是坏人。,第14页,重难点解析,4,比较,may,和,might,表示允许或请求；表示没有把握推测；,may,放在句首，表示祝福。,May God bless you!He might be at home.,注意：,might,表示推测时，不表示时态。只是可能性比,may,小。,成语：,may/might as well,，后面接不带,to,不定式，意为,“,不妨,”,。,If that is the case,we may as well try.,经典例题,Peter _come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.,A.must,B.may,C.can,D.will,答案,B.,表可能性只能用,may.,此句意可从后半句推出。,第15页,重难点解析,5,比较,have to,和,must,两词都是,必须,意思，,have to,表示客观需要，,must,表示说话人主观上看法，既主观上必要。,have to,有些人称、数、时态改变，而,must,只有一个形式。但,must,可用于间接引语中表示过去必要或义务。,He had to look after his sister yesterday.,My brother was very ill,so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.,我弟弟病得很厉害，我只好午夜里把医生请来。,(,客观上需要做这件事,)He said that they must work hard.,他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）,第16页,重难点解析,5,比较,have to,和,must,在否定结构中：,dont have to,表示,“,无须,”,mustnt,表示,“,禁止,”,，,You dont have to tell him about it.,你不一定要把此事告诉他。,You mustnt tell him about it.,你一定不要把这件事告诉他。,第17页,重难点解析,6,must,表示推测,must,用在必定句中表示较有把握推测，意为,“,一定,”,。,must,表对现在状态或现在正发生事情推测时，,must,后面通常接系动词,be,原形或行为动词进行式。,You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.,你辛劳干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况推测判断）,He must be working in his office.,他一定在办公室工作呢。,比较：,He must be staying there.,他现在必定呆在那里。,He must stay there.,他必须呆在那。,第18页,重难点解析,6,must,表示推测,must,表示对已发生事情推测时，,must,要接完成式。,I didnt hear the phone.I must have been asleep.,我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。,第19页,【,例,1】Wheres Mr Li?I have something unusual to tell him.You _ find him.He_Japan.,黑龙江,A.may not,has gone to,B.may not,has been to,C.cant,，,has gone to,D.cant,has been to,C,【,例,2】Could I look at your pictures?,Yes,of course you _.,武汉,A.could B.can,C.will D.might,B,经典例题解析,第20页,【,例,3】Where is Jack,，,please?,He_be in the classroom.,杭州,A.can B.need,C.would D.must,D,【,例,4】The boy said he had to speak English in class,，,but he,speak it after class.,，广州,A.could B.didnt have to,C.might D.shouldnt,B,经典例题解析,第21页,【,例,5】These books_out of the reading,room.You have to read,them here.,，辽宁,A.cant take,B.must be taken,C.can take,D.mustnt be taken,D,经典例题解析,第22页,1._I open the window?Its hot here.,A.Must B.Shall C.Will D.Would,2.Go and ask Mr Liu.He _tell you.,A.may B.can C.would D.could,3._you please tell me the time please?,A.Shall B.Will C.May D.Might,4._I try out all the ideas?,No,you _.,A.Must,mustnt B.Need,need,C.Must,dont have to D.Must,dont,5._I speak to Mr Green,，,please?,A.Will B.Could C.Must D.Would,B,A,B,C,B,课时训练,第23页,6.He said Kate _come to the party.But I dont think so.,A.could B.might C.need D.must,7.Need I do my lessons right now?,Yes,you_.,A.need B.can C.should D.must,8.Would you like to go swimming with me this afternoon?,Id love to.But Im afraid I_.I have too much work to do.,A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.may not,9.To make our city more beautiful,，,rubbish_into the river.,A.neednt be thrown B.mustnt be thrown,C.cant throw D.may not throw,B,D,A,B,课时训练,第24页,10.Dont worry!We can get to the bus station in time and _the early bus.,A.dont miss B.can miss,C.will miss D.wont miss,11.Please dont make any noise in the reading room.,_,A.Sorry,I wont.B.Sorry,I cant.,C.Yes,I wont.D.OK,I didnt.,12.Must I return your digital camera tomorrow.,Tina?,No,you_.,A.mustnt B.may not,C.neednt D.wont,A,C,D,课时训练,第25页,13.Would you like some more?,_Im full.,A.Yes,please.B.Id love to.,C.No,I wouldnt.D.No,thanks.,14.You_swim in this part of the lake.,Its dangerous.,A.mustnt B.may not C.neednt D.wont,15.Your e-mail address again?I_quite catch it.,Hr Zhou .,A.dont B.cant C.wont D.didnt,A,D,D,课时训练,第26页,Thank you!,第27页,