高中英语语法-省略句名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,Ellipsis,省略,第1页,在英语中，为了防止重复而省去一些重复部分，这种现象叫,省略,。如：,:,Beg you pardon.,:,Sounds like a good idea.,:,（,I,）,Beg you pardon.,:,(It),Sounds like a good idea.,定义,第2页,一 简单句中省略,1,、,省略主语,祈使句中主语通常省略,:,Doesn,t matter.,:,(,It),doesn,t matter.,:,(,It),Sounds like a good idea.,第3页,2,、,省略主谓或主谓语一部分。,如：,（省略主语和谓语）,:,What/How,(do you think),about a cup of tea?,:,Why,(do you),not say hello to him?,第4页,3,、省略表语。,:,Are you thirsty?,Yes,I am.,:,His brother isn,t lazy,nor is his sister.,(thirsty).,(lazy).,4,、同时省略几个成份,:,Let,s meet at the same place as yesterday.,(we met),同时省略主、谓语,第5页,:,Have you finished your work?,Not yet.,I have,not,finished my homework,yet,.,I have,not,finished my homework,yet,.,I have,not,finished my homework,yet,.,第6页,1.,My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law,(is),a lawyer.,省略相同谓语动词,在由,and,连接一些句子中，为防止重复常省略一些重复词或词组。,When summer comes,the day is getting longer and longer,and the night,(is getting),shorter and shorter.,二 并列句中省略,第7页,2.,Mr.Smith picked up a coin in the road and,(Mr.Smith),handed it to a policeman.,3.Jack must have been playing football and Mary,(must have been),doing her homework.,4.His advice made me happy,but,(his advice made),Jim angry.,5.,I was born in winter in 1988 and Bob,(was born in winter),in 1989.,6.He was late because he had overslept and,(because he had),missed the train.,省略共同主语或宾语。,省略后面助动词或情态动词,省略后面主谓成份,省略主要动词及后续部分,省略重复介词，连词及后续部分,第8页,1,、主句中有一些成份被省略，,省略多用于句首,如：,:,Sorry to hear you are ill.,:,Pity that he missed such a good chance.,(I,m),(It,s a),三 复合句中省略,第9页,:,Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday?,I think so.,so,I,m leaving for Beijing this Sunday.,:,Tom must be free today.,If so,he can help us.,so,he is free.,从句中有一些成份被省略、而用,so,或,not,来代替,第10页,:,It is going to rain,isn,t it?,I hope not.,not,it is not going to rain.,Note:,so,惯用于替换必定形式从句，,而,not,惯用来替换否定形式从句。,常见动词有：,think,、,imagine,、,guess,、,say,、,hope,、,fear,等。,这种使用方法常见有：,How so?Why so?Is that so?I hope so.He said so.,及,I suppose,/believe,/hope not.Why not?,等等。,第11页,:,We all know(that)the earth runs around the sun.,(that),2.,宾语从句中省略,宾语从句中常省略连词,that,，但当有两个并列宾语从句时，第二个,that,则不能省略。,:,Mary said(that)she is from American and,that,she is 16 years old.,(that),由,which,when,where,how,和,why,引导宾语从句，可全部或部分省略。,He will come back,but he doesnt know when(he will come back).,(he will come back),第12页,3.,定语从句中省略,A:,在定语从句中，,that,which,who,在从句中作宾语时可省略。,:,I haven,t read the book (that/which)you,re reading.,(that/which),:,The man (that/who)your father just talked to is our English teacher,Mr.Smith.,(that/who),B:,定语从句中“主语,+,系动词,be”,能够省略。,The goods(which were)ordered last month havent arrived yet.,(which were),第13页,4.,状语从句中省略,在以,when,while,once,引导时间状语从句及以,if,unless,引导条件状语从句中和,though,although,引导让步状语从句中，假如从句中主语与主句中主语指同一对象，且从句中含有,be,动词时，从句中可省去,“,主语,+be,”,部分。,第14页,:,When asked what he had done,John just kept silent.,:,When he was asked what he had done,John just kept silent.,he,:,If,he,is free,Jack will go with us.,he was,:,If free,Jack will go with us.,he is,第15页,:,Unless invited,he won,t come.,:,Unless he is invited,he won,t come.,he,:,While he is doing house work,my father often listens to music.,he is,:,While doing house work,my father often listens to music.,he is,he,第16页,动词不定式中为了防止重复，省去与前面出现相同部分，只保留,to,，但假如在省略不定式结构中含有,be,，,have,have been,时，要保留这些词。,:,Are you going there?,Yes,I,d like,to.,:,He didn,t give me the chance,though he had promised,to.,:,Are you an engineer?,No,but I want,to,.,:,He hasn,t finished the task yet.,Well,he ought,to,.,(go there).,(give me the chance).,be,have,四 不定式中省略,第17页,Attention!,使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语不定式一定要省去,to,但在被动语态中须将,to,复原。,:,I noticed a man to enter the classroom when I passed by.,:,A man was noticed to enter the classroom.,to,X,这类使役动词及感官动词主要有,一,“,感,”,:,二,“,听,”,:,三,“,让,”,:,四,“,看,”,:,feel,hear,listen to,have,make,let,watch,notice,observe,see,第18页,在以,if,引导非真实条件句中若含有,were,had,should,时，常能够省略,if,而将,were,had,should,置于句首。,:,Were I you,I,d give the AIDS patient a hug.,Were,:,Had I a lot of money,I,d aid the poor children.,Had,:,Should there be bird-flu,what would we do?,Should,虚拟条件句中省略,If I were,you,I,d give the AIDS patient a hug.,If I had a lot of money,I,d aid the poor children.,第19页,:,He suggest we should set out right away.,(should),在含有表示,“,命令、要求、提议、许可,”,或,“,禁止,”,等意义名词性从句中使用,“,should+,动词原形,”,表示虚拟语气，,should,常能够省略。如：,:,His suggestion is that we should set out right away.,(should),:,The order that we should stay where we are is very serious and severe.,(should),:,It,s very important that students should study hard at school.,(should),第20页,介词省略,（考点）,1.,一些常和动名词、形容词一起搭配介词常省略，而保留其后 动名词，常见句型有,spend/waste time(in)doing,lose no time(in)doing,；,have difficult/trouble(in)doing,；,be busy(in)doing,；,stop/prevent sb.(from)doing,等。,eg.The heavy rain prevented him(from)arriving there on time.,She lost no time(in)giving the patient first aid.,第21页,2.,表示行为方式,in,在,in this way,in the same way,in another way,等词组中，经常被省略。,He did it(in)this way.,第22页,八、会话中省略。,省略在会话中应用广泛，不论是回答他人问题，还是在接他人说话时都会发生，不然就以为累赘。,-Do you like this shirt?,-Yes,(I like it)very much.,(Come)This way,please.,-What do you think made Mary so upset?,-Losing her bicycle(made her so upset).,第23页,Practice,Exercises about Ellipsis.,第24页,Discovering useful structures,3.,Rewrite these sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts.,The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.,(_),P37,第25页,2.A boy was on the left side of the sick,woman,and a girl was on the right,side of the sick woman.,3.She has a daughter who is in hospital.,4.He went to the doctor because he had to,go to the doctor.,(_),(_),(_),5.Did she pass the first aid test that she,did yesterday or didnt she pass?,or not.,第26页,6.She could not decided whether to send,him to hospital or not to send him to,hospital.,7.When your nose is bleeding,you should,bend forward so that the blood runs out,of your nose and the blood doesnt run,down your throat.,8.Only some of the students have done a,first aid course but most of the students,havent done a first aid course.,not down your throat.,第27页,These sentences are correct.However,one or more words have been left out.Can you tell your partner which words are missing?,1)The cottage surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government.,The cottage,(which is),surrounded by a,wall belongs to the local government.,P37 4.,第28页,2),The first book I read this term was,more interesting than the second.,The first book,(that),I read this term was more interesting than the second,(book that I read this term),.,第29页,3)To her teachers surprise,she did,better in her first aid exam than,expected.,To her teachers surprise,she did,better in her first aid exam than,(she was),expected,(to do),.,第30页,4)I dont think they have returned from the hospital,but they might have.,I dont think they have returned,from the hospital,but they might have,(returned from the hospital),.,第31页,5),He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didn,t.,He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt,(want to help the accident victim),.,第32页,6),You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to.,You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to,(borrow my first aid notes),.,第33页,I.Choose the best answers,.,1)-Tomorrow is a holiday.Why are,you doing your homework?,-I am doing these exercises now so,that I wont have _ on Sunday.,A.it B.them C.for D.to,第34页,2)-Shall I invite Ann to my birthday,party tomorrow evening?,-Yes.Itll be fine if you_.,A.are B.can C.invite D.do,3)-Arent you the manager?,-No,and I_,A.dont want to B.dont want to be,C.dont want be D.dont want,第35页,4)-Ill be away on a business trip.Would,you mind looking after my cat?,-Not at all_.,A.Ive no time B.Id rather not,C.Id like it D.Id be glad to,5)-Wont you have another try?,-_.,A.Yes,I will have B.Yes,I wont have,C.Yes,I wont D.Yes,I will,第36页,7)-Do you think it will snow tomorrow?,-_?,A.I dont think B.No,I dont think,C.I dont think so D.No,I dont so,8)-Have you fed the cat?,-No,but_.,A.Im B.I am,C.Im just going D.Im just going to,第37页,II.,单项选择,1.-I won,t do it any more.-_?,A.Why don,t B.Why don,t do it any more C.Why not D.Why not to,2.Although _ to stop,he kept on working.,A.tell B.telling C.having told D.told,3.-Will you waste time and money on that?-Certainly_.,A.I not B.don,t C.not D.no,第38页,4.-Mary didn,t attend the lecture,did she?,-Yes,she_.,A.attended B.didn,t attend C.didn,t D.did,5.-What,s John doing?-_ newspapers in the room.,A.She reading B.She reads C.To read,D.Reading,6._ always succeed.,A.Honest and clever students,B.Students who honest and clever,C.Honest students and clever,D.Students are honest and clever,第39页,7.-Can you climb that tree,my boy?,-_?,A.I B.MyselfC.MineD.Me,8.Some people are against the plan but _ support it.,A.any more B.many more,C.much moreD.no more,9.-I,ll be away for a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?,-Not at all._.,A.I,ve no timeB.I,d rather not,C.I,d like to D.I,d be happy to,第40页,10.-Why not go and have a dinner in a restaurant?,-_.It,s too expensive.,A.Why not B.I agree,C.I,m afraid notD.I,m sure,11._ I had time,I would have run round that lake again.,IfB.UnlessC.HadD.When,12.-What do you think made Mary so upset?,-_ her bicycle.,As she lost B.Lost,C.Because of losingD.Losing,第41页,II.,以下各句都有一处错误，请指出并更正。,1.Our hometown is no longer what it used to.,2.When I in trouble,I always turn to her for help.,3.Tom picked up a coin in the road and handed one to a policeman.,be,第一个,I,后加,am,或去掉第一个,I,it,第42页,4.No one can bear being laughed in public.,5.When comparing with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.,6.The goods were ordered last month havent arrived yet.,at,compared,goods,后加,that,或去掉,were,第43页,语法应试,I.,改写句子,（使用省略伎俩防止下面各句重复与冗赘）,1.Someone has used my mobile phone,but I don,t know who has used it.,2.John worked hard but his brother did not work hard.,3.I have lazy students and hardworking students in my class.,4.-Has he ever been abroad?,-No,he has never been abroad.,第44页,5.If it is necessary,we will finish it ahead of time.,6.You must not be late and you must not be absent.,7.Give me your name and address,please.,8.It is well done.,9.Mother can take a rest,Mother should take a rest but Mother won,t take a rest after long hours of work.,10.He could answer the questions very well if he would answer the questions but he didn,t answer the questions.,第45页,【,语法专题训练,】,【,单项选择,【,1,“,I slipped on the stairs.I think my arm is broken.,”,“,Oh!I _.,”,A.do not hope to B.do not hope C.hope not so D.hope not,2.,“,Is Professor Tate very sick?,”,“,I,m afraid _.,”,A.so B.this C.to D.that,3.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.,A.itB.thoseC.themD.one,4.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.,A.not to B.not to doC.not do it D.do not do,第46页,5.,“,Do you think it,s going to rain over the weekend?,”,“,_.,”,A.I don,t believeB.I don,t believe it,C.I believe not soD.I believe not,6.,“,Don,t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.,”,“,_.,”,A.I don,t B.I won,t,C.I can,t D.I haven,t,7.,“,I,ll be away on business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?,”,“,Not at all._.,”,A.I,ve no timeB.I,d rather not,C.I,d like itD.I,d be happy to,第47页,8.,“,Why don,t we take a little break?,”,“,Didn,t we just have _?,”,A.itB.that C.one D.that,9.,“,There will be a new film on show.,”,“,I,m afraid _.,”,A.soB.maybe C.not D.that,10.,“,We all hate pollution.,”“,_.,”,A.Yes,everyone hatesB.Yes,everyone does,C.No,I like notD.No,I don,t,第48页,高考真题,1.,Would you like some more tea?,_,please.（NMET,，全国卷,II，12,）,A.No moreB.Just a little,C.I,ve had enoughD.Yes,I would,2.,It,ll take at least 2 hours to do this!,Oh,_!I could do it in 30 minutes.(NMET,，上海,39),A.come onB.pardon me,C.your are rightD.don,t mention it,第49页,高考真题,3.,How about putting some pictures into the report?,_,A picture is worth a thousand words.,（,NMET,，江苏，,24,）,A.No way.B.Why not?,C.All right?D.No matter.,4.When _ help,one often says,“,Thank you.,”,or,“,It,s kind of you.,”,(NMET,，福建，33,),A.offeringB.to offer,C.to be offeredD.offered,第50页,高考真题,5.,Why didn,t you buy the camera you had longed for?,I planed to,but I was,50 _.,（,NMET,，福建，34）,A.fewerB.less,C.cheapD.short,6.,Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your new garden?My little son,s curious about those roses you grow.,”,_.You,re welcome.,(NMET,，湖北，25,),A.Yes,I do B.Never mind,C.Yes,pleaseD.Not at all,第51页,高考真题,7.Tom:Mike,our team will play against the Rockets this weekend.I,m sure we will win.,Mike:_!,（,NMET,，广东，21）,A.CongratulationsB.Cheers,C.Best wishesD.Good luck,8.Tara:This is Tara Patel from cotton House in Kidderminster.Could I speak to Mr.Smith,please?,Smith:_,(NMET,，广东，22）,A.Hello!B.I,m Mr.Smith.,C.Who are you?D.Speaking,第52页,高考真题,9.,My family usually goes skating for vacation.I like skating,but I want to try something different this year.,_,（,NMET,，重庆，,22）,A.Let,s go.B.Cheer up.,C.Like what?D.Take care.,10.,Have you been to New Zealand?,No,I,d like to,_.,(NMET,，山东，21）,A.too B.though,C.yetD.either,第53页,高考真题,11.,Could you do me a favor and take these books to my office?