高考英语语法填空之词性转换类省名师优质课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。谢谢,语法填空第三讲：,有提醒词之,词性转换,第1页,词性转换,是语法填空必考点。这一考点包括到,:,(1),句子成份划分或句子结构分析；,(2),各种词性语法功效；,(3),构词法尤其是派生法,词性转换,等多个知识点，是综合性较强一道题。我们将其主要考点和必备基础归纳以下：,第2页,考点,1,：形容词,副词,形容词后,+ly,可变成与原来意义相同副词。,直接加,-ly,slow 慢 slowly 迟缓地,改,y,为,-ily,happy 高兴 happily 高兴地,去,e,加,-ly,true 真 truly 真,考点解密,第3页,后 缀,例 词,后 缀,例 词,-al,industrial national,-an,European American,-ern,eastern northern,-able,reasonable believable,-ful,careful mouthful,-ish,childish selfish,-ive,active creative,-y,dirty thirsty windy,-en,golden wooden,-ary,imaginary revolutionary,-ic,realistic historic,-some,troublesome lonesome,-like,childlike womanlike,-ly,friendly lovely,-less,careless harmless,考点,2,：名词,形容词,(1),名词加不一样后缀变成形容词，常见后缀有：,第4页,(2),形容词变成名词。如：,后缀,例 词,-ness,happiness,幸福,illness,疾病,-y,difficulty,困难,possibility,可能性,-ism,socialism,社会主义,第5页,考点,3,：形容词,动词,(1),形容词可变成动词。如：,en-,enrich,丰富,enable,使能够,-en,widen,加宽,sharpen,削尖,shorten,缩短,soften,软化,-ize,Americanize 美国化 civilize 使开化,modernize 当代化 nationalize国有化,-y,simplify,简化,一些名词后加,-y,可变成动词，表示“使,化”。如：,beautify,美化,第6页,(2),动词变成形容词。如：,-ous,continuous连续,various各种各样,-able,/ible,drinkable可饮用,accessible可进入,-ing,/ed,interesting令人感兴趣,excited兴奋,第7页,考点,4,：动词,名词,后缀,例 词,-ance,acceptance接收 appearance 出现,-ence,reference,参考,existence,存在,-al,refusal拒绝 arrival 抵达,-tion,dictation,听写,preparation,准备,-ment,argument,争论,judgment,判断,第8页,考点,5,：名词,名词,(,人,),后缀,例 词,-er,teacher,教师,reader,读者,officer,官员,farmer,农夫,villager,村民,Londoner,伦敦人,-or,conductor,售票员,visitor,游客,-ar,beggar,乞丐,-ess,actress,女演员,hostess,女主人,-ese,Chinese,中国人,Japanese,日本人,-ian,musician,音乐家,physician,内科医生,-ist,scientist,科学家,socialist,社会主义者,第9页,考点,6,：不变词性前缀和后缀,前缀,含 义,例 词,dis-,不，否定,dissatisfy使不满意 dishonest 不老实,un-,不,unable 不能够 unlucky 不幸,un-,相反动作,undress,脱衣服,unload,卸货,in-,im-,ir-,il-,不，非,inactive 不活跃 incorrect 不正确,impolite不有礼貌 impossible不可能,irregular 不规则 irresponsible不负责任,illogical 不合逻辑 illegal 非法,non-,不，非,non-existent不存在 non-stop 直达,mis-,错误，坏,misunderstand,误解,misfortune,厄运,不幸,第10页,前缀,含 义,例 词,re,重复，再,rewrite,重写,remarry,再婚,super-,在上面，超级,supermarket,超市,supermodel,超级名模,under-,在,之下,underestimate低估 underground 地下,inter-,相互，之间,international国际 interact 相互作用,semi-,半,semifinal,（半决赛）,semicircle,半圆,multi-,多，各种,multi-national多国 multi-coloured各种颜色,kilo-,千,kilometer 千米,公里 kilogram 千克,千克,tele-,远,telephone,电话,television,电视,a-,在,上,/,里,aboard,在船,/,火车,/,飞机上,ahead,在前面,第11页,注：,前缀普通只改变词义而不改变词性：,但,en-,也改变词性，如：,large,大,-enlarge,扩大，,danger,危险,-endanger,危及；,后缀普通改变词性不改变词义，,但,-ship,也不改变词性，如：,leader,领导,-leadership,领导阶层；,friend,朋友,-friendship,情谊。,第12页,要正确解答高考语法填空中词语派生题，必须搞清要填,词在句子中充当哪种句子成份，,作该种成份需要哪种词类词；然后再,依据构词法,将括号中词变成所需要词类。,下表归纳了各种,句子成份概念,、所处,语境,和充当该,句子成份,经典词类，这些是做好词语派生题必备基础，提议同学们了解并熟记：,解题技巧,第13页,概念描述,所处语境,充当词类,主语,讲是什么人或什么事,句子最前面；在冠词、形容词性物主代词，及,some,any,other,等后,名词、,代词；,动名词、,不定式,或从句,宾语,动作,行为对象,及物动词或介词之后；在冠词、形容词性物主代词，及,some,any,other,等后,谓语,表示主语干什么或是什么,主语之后,动词,表语,说明主语身份、特征或状态,系动词之后,主要是形容词；,一些名词；,个别副词,补语,补充说明宾语或主语,在宾语之后；或在被动式谓语之后,定语,修饰和限定名词或代词,名词之前，,something,等代词之后,形容词,状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子,动词前后；形容词或副词之前；句首,副词,第14页,依据该词在句子所作成份确定用哪种形式。详细方法有：,技巧,1,：作表语、定语或补语，通惯用形容词形式。,The youngster immediately fell _(silence)as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.,解析：因在系动词,felt,后作表语，用形容词，故填,silent,。,In a _(danger)part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand,they learnt to,解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填,dangerous,。,考点分析,第15页,Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _(interest)in the subject,解析：因所填词在句中作宾语,most of their students,补足语，用形容词；表示”感兴趣”，填,interested,。,考点分析,第16页,1.In this lecture,I can only give you a purely _(person)view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.,2.If I find someone who looks like the suspect,my _(immediately)reaction will be to tell the police.,personal,immediate,巩固练习,第17页,技巧,2,：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，,用名词形式,；在形容词性物主代词后，或者在”冠词,(+,形容词,)”,后，,用名词形式。要注意名词,是否用复数,形式。如：,考点分析,第18页,1.Always read the _(instruct)on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.,2.On the seven days in a week,Saturday is said to be the most popular _(choose)for a wedding in some countries.,3.We take _(proud)in the prosperity of our country.,instructions,choice,pride,巩固练习,第19页,4.the remains date from this period because of their _(similar)to those found elsewhere.,5.instructors expect students to be familiar with _(inform)in the reading,similarities,information,巩固练习,第20页,技巧,3,：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。,如：,1,Volunteering is becoming _(increase)popular in China.,2,I wasnt blaming anyone;I _(mere)said errors like this could be avoided.,increasingly,merely,考点分析,第21页,3.The island is _(equal)attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.,4.Do you think shopping online will _(final)take the place of shopping in stores?,equally,finally,巩固练习,第22页,技巧,4,：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，,主要是考查含有与词根意义相反派生词,，需依据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加,un-,im-,等，在词根后加,-less,等。,如,：,考点分析,第23页,1.With the time going by,he was increasing concerned that his aim was _(hope)to achieve.,2._(fortunate),when he hurried to the station,he found the train had left five minutes.,hopeless,Unfortunately,巩固练习,第24页,技巧,5,：括号中所给,动词,也不一定是考动词时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其,比较等级,。如：,考点分析,第25页,1there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist _(attract),2 The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even _(hard)and finally made himself out.,3.Mr.Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been _(popular).,more,popular,attractions,harder,巩固练习,第26页,4.Storms which produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexicos border with Texas on Friday,destroying homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people,several critically,authorities said.The _(bad)damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis,which are about 80 miles apart,police said.,worst,巩固练习,第27页,综合练习：,依据以上技巧完成下面语法填空,综合练习,第28页,语篇填空,：阅读以下短文，按照句子结构语法性，用括号中所给词语适当形式填空。,(A),A father sat at his desk looking at and,carefully,studying his 1_(,month,)bills when his young son rushed in and announced,“Dad,because this is your birthday and youre 55 years old,Im going to give you 55 kisses,one for each year!”But the father exclaimed,“Oh,Andrew,dont do it now;Im too busy!”,monthly,综合练习,第29页,The youngster immediately fell 2_(,silence,)as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.3_(,apology,)the father said,“You can finish later.”,The boy said nothing but 4_(,quiet,)walked away,5_(,disappoint,)written over his face.That evening the father said,“Come and finish the kisses now,Andrew!”But the boy didnt respond.,6_(,fortunate,),the boy had an accident and was drowned.His heartbroken father wrote.,silent,Apologically,quietly,disappointment,Unfortunately,第30页,“If only I could tell him how much I regret my 7_(,thought,)words,and could be assured that he knows how much my heart is aching.”,Love is a two-way street.Any loving act must be 8_(,warm,)accepted or it will be taken as 9_(,reject,)and can leave a scar.Nothing is more 10_(,importance,)than responding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us.Because.there may be no chance at all as in the case of the little boy.,thoughtless,warmly,rejection,important,粗心,相互,第31页,(B),The Edinburgh International Festival is over fifty years old and has earned its reputation as one of the worlds greatest 1_(,celebrate,)of the arts.,The 2_(,found,)of the Festival believed that the Festival programmes should be of the highest possible artistic standard presented by the best 3_(,art,)in the world,that the Festival should enliven(,使活跃,)and 4_(,rich,)the cultural life of Europe,Britain and Scotland and that it should provide a period of flowering of the human spirit.,celebrations,founders,artists,enrich,综合练习,第32页,The Edinburgh International Festival has developed 5_(,significance,)over the years,yet the founders 6,_(,origin,)intentions are closely reflected in the current aims and objectives.,significantly,original,第33页,Each year during the summer months Edinburgh becomes the worlds Festival City.It is the huge range and number of artistic events,7,_(,perform,)and exhibitions happening throughout the city which makes Edinburgh 8_(,forget,).It makes you feel that there is always something else happening around the corner which you are 9_(,miss,).This is 10_,(,evitable,能够防止,)part of the joy of the Festival.,performances,unforgettable,missing,inevitable,第34页,The _(die)of composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart at the age of 35 may have been caused by complications stemming from strep throat,according to a Dutch study published on Monday.Since the _(compose)death in 1791,there have been _(vary)theories about the cause of his _(time)end,from intentional poisoning,to rheumatic fever,to trichinosis,a parasitic disease caused by eating raw or undercooked pork.,death,composers,various,untimely,(C),第35页,On his death certificate it was _(office)recorded that the cause of death was Hitziges Frieselfieber,or“heated military fever,”referring to a rash that looks like millet(,粟,)seeds.,But _(research)from the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands said _(study)on his death have _(general)been based on less-than-reliable evidence,like accounts from people who witnessed Mozarts final days,written decades after his death.,officially,researchers,studies,generally,第36页,Their new study,reported in the Annals of Internal Medicine,was based on information from _(office)death registers for Vienna in the winter of 1791 that places Mozarts death in a _(wide)context.He died in Vienna.,official,wider,第37页,Besides,能力要求,1,、了解语篇能力；,2,、分析句子结构能力；,3,、熟练利用语法能力；,4,、单词拼写能力。,(,注意三写：,拼写、书写、大小写,),总结提升,第38页,More importantly,态度要求,不停记忆，积累词汇,扎实基础，学好语法,大声朗诵，培养语感,坚持不懈，多做练习,总结提升,今天涨分攻略你听懂了吗？,第39页,In the end,我想说,听懂轻易，,坚持不易，,且练且努力！,！,！,结束语,第40页,goodbye,第41页,