2018届高考英语3500词汇表速记法方案.doc

2016年高考英语词汇解析A1.abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃 abandon the baby/ child/ friendabandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hope abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于 He abandoned himself to despair. 4. aboard prep. adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)all the people aboard 机上的人7. abroad ad.到(在)国外 a) go /study /live abroad b) at home and abroad在国内外8. absence n. 不在，缺席absence from work/ school The decision was made in my absence.in the absence of 在缺少条件下 The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.9. absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 be absent from absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的10. absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进（液体，气体等） 2) 理解，掌握absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energyabsorb information/ knowledge be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于11.abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂 abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒 abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权13.access n.方法，通路，机会The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.Only high officials have access to the emperor.We students have access to the school library.accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的Such information is not easily accessible to the public.15. accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏 accompany sb. to the school/ supermarket accompany the singer on / at the piano Lightening usually accompanies thunder.20. ache vi./n headache / toothache My back aches so much.23.acknowledge v. 承认，致谢 It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases. Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China. I acknowledged financial support from the local government.30adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编 vt. 使适应 adapt to change /the city life adapt oneself to the new surroundings adapt the novel for a film adaptation n. 适应31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说（that）add()to 添加 add up 把加在一起 add up to总计为; 总数为a) His illness added to our trouble. b) He added that he would come again.c) Please add these figures up. d) These numbers add up to 100.e) He added some salt to the water.32. address n.地址 vt.写地址；向讲话（尤指演讲）address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信 The letter was wrongly addressed.The president addressed the public.36.adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳 adopt a child the adopted son/ daughter adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantagetake advantage of 利用 have an advantage over 优于 to sbs advantage 对（某人）有利39. advertise vt. 为做广告 1）为做广告 advertise a product / things 2）登广告征求/寻找 advertise for a new sales manager 41. affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等 Smoking affects health. People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth I cant afford a book/to buy the book46. agree vi. 同意；应允1）agree with agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对适宜”： The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。 A verb must agree with its subject in person and number. What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。 2）agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .3）agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议： We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。 Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。 4) agree to do sth He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。 5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement 6) I cant/couldnt agree more.50.alike adj. 相像，十分相似 We are alike in many ways. adv. 相似的，相同的 They tried to treat their children alike.51. alive a. 活着的，存在的 catch alive 活捉 keepalive be alive with= be full of The lake was alive with fish. Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)52. allow v 准许，允许 allow doing/ sb to do allow for 把 考虑进去 Has everything been allowed for in your plan?53. almost adv几乎，差不多 Almost no one/nobody came to the party. There was almost no snow that winter.54. alone adj/adv 单独的 孤独的1) 形容词She is alone at home. （她独自一人在家。）2) 副词I like to work alone. （我喜欢独自一人工作。）3) “只有，仅仅”， The shoes alone cost $200. let /leave sb /sth alone 别打扰let alone 更不用说 lonely 1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的” a lonely man / island. 2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.57. amount n. 数额（尤指数量，大小等） a large amount of +u/n large amounts of +u/n v. （数量，意义等） 等同，相当于 amount to 1) （数量上）达到，总计 Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为 2）等于，意味着 Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。64. answer n. the answer to the question v. answer a question/the door/the phone； answer for 对 负责 You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.65. anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担心 anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的；担心的 be anxious about sth for sb 渴望的，急切的 be anxious to do sth68. appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求 The design has appealed to people of all ages. I appeal to you to protect the environment. have/ hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力 lose ones appeal 失去吸引力69. appear 1) vi. 出现，露面 The man suddenly _ from behind the tree scared me.2) 系动词 似乎，好像 appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎It appears (to sb) that /as if He appeared to be happy in the news.It appears to me that he will win It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。70. appearance n. 出现，露面；容貌 judge by appearances 以貌取人71.application n.申请 make an application for72. apply v. 申请 apply for 申请；请求，接洽 apply sth to 运用，应用 apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事73. appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定 1) 任命，委派A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。 He was appointed as chairman. 2). 约定，确定 Everyone got there at the appointed time. In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place. 74. appointment n. make an appointment 约定、会 his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命75. appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激 appreciate your concern appreciate doing sth appreciate your abilities/ fine works of art Id appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.76. approach 1). v. 接近；靠近；走进As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching.2). n. 接近；方法；途径；通路 He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling. His approach to the problem are wrong. All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.77. approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准 approve of 赞成，同意 approve of ones idea He doesnt approve of my leaving this year. approve the plan/ proposal 通过计划/ 提议 approval n.79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n. argument 1) argue for /against 赞成/反对 2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 3) argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事80. arise arose arisen vi. 1) 出现，发生，产生 A new crisis has arisen. 新危机出现。 2）起床，起身，起立 He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。81.argument n. 1)争论，辩论 have an argument with sb about / over sth2) 论点，论据 a powerful argument against smoking argue v. argue with sb about / over sth82. arm n. 手臂,支架 武器（复） arm in arm 手挽手 take up arms 拿起武器vt. 以装备,武装起来 armwithArmed with the new equipment, the explorers entered the cave. be armed to the teeth 全副武装83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约around the corner 在拐角处，即将到来 around the clock 昼夜不停地 84.arrange vt. 安排，布置 arrange an appointment 安排预约 Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend? We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。 He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。 The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport. Dave arranged for someone to drive him home. arrangement n. 安排，布置 make arrangements for85.arrest vt. 逮捕，拘捕 He got arrested for careless driving.n. put / place sb under arrest 逮捕某人86. arrive v arrival n. 到来；达到 arrive at Guests receive dinner on/upon their arrival87. article n. 文章；东西；物品；冠词 an article of clothing 一件衣服88. ashamed adj 惭愧，害臊89. asleep adj 睡着的，熟睡 (表语形容词) fall asleep 入睡 He seems to be fast asleep.90. assist v. 帮助，协助 assist sb. in dong /with sth. well assist you in finding a place to live. She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. assistance n. technical/ military assistance 技术/军事援助91. assume v. 假定，假设 It is assumed that普遍认为 I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。 He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。 assuming （that） 假设，假如92. assumption n.a) be ashamed of 以为是耻辱 b) be ashamed of oneself for 为而害羞c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧 ashamed & shameful ashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；shameful指事物或本身可耻不道德。 He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.93. astonish v 使惊讶 astonished /astonishingbe/look astonished at 对感到大吃一惊 an astonished look94. attach attach to95. attempt v. 试图，尝试attempt to do He was charged with attempting to kill his wife.attempt sth The plane crashed while attempting an emergency landing.n. make an attempt to do /at doing 试图做某事96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加 attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concertattend to sth处理，注意 I have a few other things to attend to.attend to sb 看护 attend to a baby97. attention n. 注意，关心pay ( much/no/little) attention to draw ones attention tofix ones attention/mind/eyes on； attract ones attention98. attract v. 吸引，引起 Like attracts like 物以类聚99. available100. average adj 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数 on (the)average 按平均I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。101. avoid doing102. awake v. 唤醒；(awoke/ awoken) Is he awake or asleep? awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到 It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation. adj 醒着的be wide awake103. award n. v.104. aware be aware of 105. away adv离开；远离 keep away from 保持距离； far away 在远处right away 立刻，马上； give away 泄露，赠送106. awfulB1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；背back and forth 来回，往返； back to back 背靠背behind ones back 背后； look back 回顾put back 放回去； turn ones back on 避开，不理睬2. backward adv. backward and forward 来来回回 bend /lean over backward to do 竭尽全力去做3. baggage n.行李 a piece of/an article of baggage4. balance 1) n. 平衡 keep a balance (between A and B) lose ones balance disturb the balance of ones mind 余额 (常用单数） check your bank balance 欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.短语 be/ hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的， 悬而未决的 catch / throw sb. off balance 使失去平衡； 使不知所措 on balance 总的来说2）v保持平衡 （sth）on sth balance on one leg He balanced the cup on her knee. 同等重视 balance A with/ and B balance home life with career 比较权衡 balance A against B balance the cost against its benefitbalanced adj. be on a balanced diet5. ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔 a ban on smoking 禁烟令 place under ban 对加以禁止 ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做6. bar 1) n. 条，块 a bar of chocolate / soap 障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion.2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and windows were barred. 阻止 bar sb. from . bar players from drinking7. bargain n. （经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.v. 讨价还价 bargain with sb about /over sth8. base n. 根据地，基地 v.以.为基地, 把基地设在1) base sth on/upon sth 以为基础 His book is based on a true story.2) be based in以.为基地,把基地设在 The toy company is based in Guangzhou.basic adj 基本的basic knowledge/skills basically adv.9. basis (复数 bases ) 1）基础，要素 form the basis of 2) 基准，原则 on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式 3) 原因，缘由 on the basis of Some videos were banned on the basis of violence.10. bath n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆; have/take a bathbathe v. 洗澡,游泳 be bathed in 沉浸在,沐浴着（光线） bathroom n.浴室11. bear (bore, born/borne) v.1）承受 (重量) The ice is too thin to bear your weight.2) 负担, 承担 bear the cost/ burden/responsibility3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用） bear to do/doing4) bearin mind 记住12. beat v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击 My heart is beating faster than usual. Waves are beating the shore. 击败: He beat me in the game. beat & hit &strike & knock13. before It will be +段时间+before+ do/does要过多久才 It was +段时间+before+ did没过多久就14. beg 乞求，请求 begbeggedbeggedbegging beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅（降调） 请再讲一遍（降调）15. beginbeganbegunbeginning begin with=start with 以开始 to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一 I dont like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small.16. beginning n.开始，开端 at the beginning of in the beginning= at first 17. behave v. 表现 He behaved as if nothing had happened. behave badly/well/like a true gentleman behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 well / badly behaved children18. behavior n. 不可数 good/ bad behavior be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体19. behind drop/ fall behind 落后 leave sb./sth. behind 遗落、忘带20. belief n. （不可数） 1）相信，信心 belief in I admire his belief in what he is doing. 2) 看法，信念 （不可数） He acted in the belief that he was doing good. There is a general belief that things will soon get better. 3) 信仰 （可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs 短语 beyond belief 难以置信 to the best of ones belief 尽其所知 21. believe believe it or not (插入语)信不信由你 It is believed that he is a good teacher. =He is believed to be a good teacher.22. belong belong to 属于（无被动） The house belonging to her is under repair.23. bend v. 弯曲、弯腰、伏案 bendbentbent She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。24. benefit 1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）She didnt get much benefit from her staying abroad.短语: be of benefit to.=be beneficial to . to ones benefit 对某人有利 for ones benefit = for the benefit of sb. 为了帮助./为了某人的利益2） vt./ vi. benefit sb./ sth benefit from/ by. beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 be beneficial to .25. best do/ try ones best to do 尽全力做 make the best of尽量利用 all the best （书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意26. better had better do最好做 否定：had better not do be better worth reading 更值得读 be better known 更著名的27. beyond 超出、超过 beyond ones imagination/description 难以想象/描述 beyond ones power 超出能力范围 beyond my wildest dreams 做梦也没想到28. bid bid- bid- bidding v. 出价，投标 n 投标 bid for sth. I bid 2000 dollars for the painting. 我出价20000美元买这幅画。 The highest bid for the picture was 20000. 这幅画的最高出价是两万29. birth n.出生、诞生 at birth 出生时 give birth to 生下、孕育了30. biscuit 饼干c/n some chocolate biscuits31. bit 1) a bit of+不可数n.= a little +不可数n. He can speak a bit of French. 2) a bit/a lit