一般过去时的用法.doc

Unit 19

一般过去时的用法：过去发生的动作或者存在的状态。
经常与明确的过去时间状语连用（yesterday, just now, last night）
在动词谓语那里体现出来

Section one
Activity 1
I didn’t get up until 11:30 this morning!
The flat was in a bit of a mess.
Some people stayed late, and Xiaoyan and I didn’t want to clear up last night. We just talked and finished a bottle of wine together. We cleared up this afternoon. We had a great time. The weather was really nice and sunny. Xiaoyan helped Tim with the barbecue. The food wasn’t very good, and we didn’t finish it---in fact, no one had any rice, because Tim burned it. But everyone enjoyed themselves. We listened to some CDs. My friends from college didn’t turn up until 10. When they arrived, we played live music! Everyone really liked our new songs. When Franco danced with Polly, he tripped over. Everyone laughed. Too much wine, I think. I didn’t dance.

Section Two
Xiaoyan: Oh hi, Jane! How are you!
Jane: Fine, thanks. And you!
Xiaoyan: I’m fine. I’m sorry you couldn’t come to the party.
Jane: Yes, it was a shame, but I was in Paris for the weekend. Did you have a good time last night?
Xiaoyan: Yes, it was great, thanks. Mary’s friends came and they all brought their instruments and played.
Jane: were they good?
Xiaoyan: They were fantanstic.
Jane: And did you dance?
Xiaoyan: Yes, we did. They played really good music. We had a great time.
Jane: Did you meet any new people?
Xiaoyan: Yes, I did. There were a lot of Mary’s friends I didn’t know before, as well as some people from the office.
Jane: Did Tom come?
Xiaoyan: Tom?
Jane: He’s someone who works in the accounts department.
Xiaoyan: No, he didn’t. I remember now why he couldn’t come. He went to visit his parents in the country.

Section Three
The party went very well and they all had a good time. Nearly all the people came who were invited. Jane couldn’t come because she went to Paris. Tom was also away. He went to see his parents in the country. Mary’s friends brought their instruments and played live music, so everyone could dance. Franco drank too much and fell over when he was dancing with Polly, which made everyone laugh. Mary and Tim told everyone they were engaged, and Xiaoyan met Steve and spent all evening talking to him. He didn’t talk to anyone else.

Unit20
Section one
Xiaoyan: Hello?
Polly: Hi, Xiaoyan. It’s Polly
Xiaoyan: Hi, Polly. How are you?
Polly: I’m fine. Well, actually, I’ve got nothing to do. I’m a bit lonely because David’s away on business. That’s why I’m phoning. Would you like to go to the cinema this evening?
Xiaoyan: Yes, that’s a good idea. I haven’t got anything to do either. What’s on?
Polly: I don’t know, but we could look in the newspaper or Time out to find out which films are on and what time they start. I don’t want to watch anything sad.
Xiaoyan: Perhaps a comedy would be good. Let’s go to something really funny to make us laugh.
Polly: Yes, or something exciting like and adventure film. Shall I come to your flat after work, so that we can decide what to do?
Xiaoyan: OK. I’ll buy time out from the newsagent on my way home. See you at around 6 o’clock?
Polly: Great. See you then. Bye.
Xiaoyan: Bye.

Section two
The Edge of Ruin (18) (William Stibble, 2002, USA) George Macroon, Helena Stiles, Simon Tooby, 110 mins.**
Action –packed thriller from the same director as Pay Back Time. Jennifer Soames is kidnapped while on holiday in South America. The police arrive and her boyfriend sees her life is in very great danger. He decides to rescue her, although the police try to stop him. He soon finds himself in a drugs war.
Although the plot is weak, the action is really fantastic. Fast, explosive and violent, with really amazing special effects(电影特技)and an excellent soundtrack(电影配乐). Very enjoyable, but not a film to watch before bedtime!

Life Without Steve(15) (Polly Remmer, 2002, GB)
Janet Wise, Jeff Bross, Todd Scran. 105 mins. ***
In this romantic comedy, Lucy Simms is a beautiful 30-year-old career woman, who has a very good job and enough money. The only thing missing in her life is a man. After years of really bad relationships, she decides to try to find a perfect husband. She advertises and interviews men, as though for a job. Although her interview technique is rather unusual and very funny, she manages to find several men.
Rather simple and romantic, but very funny at times. The acting(演技)is very good. The scene(场景) in the restaurant with interviewees at different tables is really memorable. Women everywhere will really love this film.

Xiaoyan: Which film do you think we should go to?
Polly: How about seeing The Edge of Ruin?
Xiaoyan: It’s a thriller, isn’t it? I think it sounds a bit violent. I prefer romantic comedies, so I’d rather see Life Whthout Steve. It says in the review that it’s quite funny. It starts a bit earlier too. Polly: That’s a better idea. Let’s do that.
Xiaoyan: What about eating? I haven’t had dinner yet. Have you?
Polly: No.
Xiaoyan: Shall we have a sandwich or something before we go?
Polly: Well, I’m not very hungry at the moment. I’d rather get something later.
Xiaoyan: Why don’t we go to a restaurant after the film?
Polly: That’s a good idea. I’d prefer to eat later. In fact, there’s a restaurant I know quite near the cinema. It’s called English’s Bistro. I went there with David a few weeks ago. How about going there?
Xiaoyan: That sounds nice. Do we need to book?
Polly: Probably. Why don’t you phone the cinema to check that the details in Time out are right? I’ll book a table at the restaurant.
Xiaoyan: Ok then. Pass the magazine and I’ll call the cinema while you do that.

Section three
菜单　　　　菜名　　　　　点菜的句式
Very 和 really 在修饰形容词区别

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Unit 21
Section one 音乐、乐器、不规则动词过去式、动词短语
Mary began playing the violin when she was only six. Her father came across a really old instrument at his aunt’s house, and he brought it back home with him. Mary loved it and immediately tried to play it. After a few months she began to have lessons. She got on very well with the violin. When she was about eleven, she really needed a better violin. One day she took part in a concert, and a man went up to her parents and talked to them about her. He said that she had real talent and pointed out that she needed a better violin. When he found out that they couldn’t afford one, he offered to buy one for her. Later, when she was about 16, she set up her own group. She named it after the man who gave her the violin---she called it the Eric Sound.

Section Two
Will 和　to be going to的用法区别
Return, give back, rent, hire 的用法

Section Three
Dear all,
This message is just to confirm the details for the next few days. Dave’s picking up the van tomorrow and we’re loading it at his place at 10:00 on Friday morning. I’ve booked us all into The Tolly for one night. It’s a hotel near the university—in Welbeck Street. Steve and I are getting the 4.30 p.m. train. We’re stopping to check in at the hotel to pick up the keys and get changed at 6.00. We have to check out of the hotel by 9.00 on Saturday morning because they have a big group coming to the hotel. So we have to get up early, I’m a fraid!
Dave and Paul, if you can’t get to the hotel by about 7.00, let’s meet in the café at the university at 7.30. We’ll set up the equipment at 8.00 for the gig and have a rehearsal.
See you all,
Mary

1. 现在进行时可以用来表示已经做好的安排。
I’m visiting my cousins in Australia later this year.
今年晚些时候我要去看望我在澳洲的表兄弟姐妹。

2. To be going to 用来表示预先计划好的事情，强调打算、计划性。
I’m going to visit my cousins in Australia later this year.
我计划今年晚些时候去看望我在澳洲的表兄弟姐妹。
Will 用来表示说话时即时决定做的事情，预先没有安排。
I’m hungry. I think I’ll make dinner.
我饿了，我想我得去做饭了。

Unit 22
Section One
与运动项目搭配使用的动词play, go, do

1．Play一般与球类运动搭配使用。
You play football.
He plays ice hockey.
They play snooker.

Play 也常与game 搭配使用。 Game 可以用来指球类运动。例如：a game of golf; 也可以泛指一切游戏类活动，如cards (纸牌)，chess（国际象棋），mah-jong（麻将）
Which game do you play? 你们玩什么游戏？
They are playing a game of draughts（国际跳棋）。

2．Go与涉及身体移动的体育活动搭配使用，通常为go +doing 的形式。
We go running/ jogging/swimming/ rowing/ shopping.
3．询问他人参加何种体育运动用动词do.
Which sports do you do? 你平时参加什么运动？
与do 搭配使用的还有下面这些运动：do gymnastics/ TaiChi/ KungFu/ Karate/ aerobics/ athletics 等。
I do Kung Fu every Friday.
I do the high jump.
表示频度的词语

Never occasionally sometimes often usually always

Every+表示时间的名词
Every day/ week/ month/ year /morning/ noon/ afternoon/ evening /Monday/ Tuesday

基数词+times+ a 表示时间的名字
Once a week 一星期一次
Twice a day 一天两次
Three times a month 一个月三次
Four times a year 一年四次

Football, or soccer, is the most popular sport in the world. It is played by more than 20 million people in more than 140 countries. The biggest sporting events in the world are the World Cup for Football and the Olympic Games. The Olympics in 2000 were in Sydney, in 2004 they were in Athens and in 2008 they are scheduled for Beijing. Other major international sporting events are the Winter Olympics, the Wimbledon Tennis Tournament and the Grand Prix motor races. Every day millions of people all over the world are able to watch these events on satellite TV.

形容词的比较级和最高级
1. 句子结构
Ice hockey is faster than football.
Table tennis is more exciting than cards.
Manchester United is the richest football team in the world.
Football is the most popular sport in the world.
2. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成
规则和不规则两种

练习43页第6题

Section 2
动词+ing 结构
表示个人喜欢好或者不憎恨的Like love dislike hate
其它动词还有： stop finish consider/think about start/begin

副词
时间副词、already、still 、now、 before 、today 、last year 、then
地点副词、downstairs 、around 、here 、there、 down、 near、 away
程度副词、really、 very、 just 、too 、quite 、definitely、 much
频度副词、very、 often 、sometimes 、never 、occasionally、 always、 usually
方式副词 slowly 、quickly 、well 、badly
副词在句子中的位置
1. 时间副词，尤其是表示具体时间的副词，一般放在句首或句尾。
Tomorrow I am going to the doctor’s 明天我要去看医生
She went to the cinema with her friend yesterday.昨天她和朋友去看电影。
2.地点副词通常置于句尾。
She went upstairs 她上楼去了。
He will go abroad. 他要出国。
3. 程度副词一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词之前。
They walked very fast 他们走得很快
It was a really bad day. 真是糟糕的一天。
4. 频度副词一般放在行为动词之前，动词宾语之后或句首
I always have coffee for breakfast. 早餐我总喝咖啡
Occasionally I have tea in the morning 上午我有时喝茶
I played cards occasionally at weekends 周末我有时玩牌
5. 方式副词一般放在动词（动词+宾语）之后。
He put on his coat quickly. 他快速地穿上外套
I speak French fluently 我讲一口流利的法语。

练习 Activity 9 Activity10 P46

Section 3
现在完在时
用法： 1 表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在或将来的影响或产生的结果。
2 表示某人的经历。

结构： 主语+ have/has +过去分词

现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
Tim: Hello. Where have you been? You look hot.
Xiaoyan : Yes, I am. I’ve been to the tennis club. I’ve had a tennis lesson.
Tim: How did you manage?
Xiaoyan : Not too badly. I’ve never played tennis before.
Tim: Don’t you play tennis in China?
Xiaoyan : No. We don’t play much. I’ve played table tennis a lot. I play quite well, but I’ve never tried tennis.

Tim: Would you like a drink?
Xiaoyan :Yes, please. Could I have a fruit juice, please? Have you eaten yet?

Tim: No. We haven’t.
Xiaoyan : I had a sandwich before I played, but I’m very hungry now. I’d like to eat.

Tim: Let’s go to Franco’s.

现在完成时的构成：
主语+have/has+ 过去分词
用法：
1. 表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在或将来的影响或产生的结果
Have you eaten? (If not, we can eat now)
你吃饭了吗？ （如果没吃，我们现在去吃）
She has lost her wallet. (So she can’t buy the ticket now.)
她丢了钱包。（所以现在没钱买票）
2. 表示某人的经历
I’ve been to Beijing 我曾经到过北京
She has read the book twice. 这本书她已经看过两遍了

现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 page 49

副词和形容词 page50
练习51

Unit 23
Section 1
Activity 1 学习一些有关服装的词汇

Activity 2 page 55 页边的形容词
Activity 5 page 56

多个形容词做修饰语时的位置
长度、高度、形状等+颜色、性质、式样等+材料+物体
My long black silk skirt a tall thin man
Your short cotton shirt a big red bus
A little round wooden house a little old car

注意： 长度、高度或大小等置于形状前，颜色置于式样前。
A long, baggy T-shirt a dark blue square table

两种颜色之间用and 连接 blue and white check trousers
表示观点、判断的形容词，nice, beautiful, lovely, terrible, awful 往往位于最前面。
She wore a lovely blue dress.

练习 Activity 6 Activity 7

Section 2
学习one 的用法、 复习too和（not）enough的用法
课本59页
练习 Activity 10、11、12

Section 3
学习使用现在完成时、 学习使用物主代词
Activity 13
Mary is now back at the flat. She has had two very busy days getting ready, but she is quite happy. She has made the arrangements for the gig in Cambridge. She has spoken with Dave about the van. She has phoned Steve about the train that they are catching tomorrow. As well as all this, she has been shopping and has bought clothes for herself and for Tim. Now she wants to have some food.

练习 Activity 15 page 63

物主代词

Unit 25
学习使人做某事、 反身代词、either, either…or…either of 的用法、ask和request、提出请求、neither, neither of, neither…nor…的用法
Section 1
Xiaoyan,
I thought you’d like to know what has happened to your report about improving the website.
Last week I had a meeting with the designers. I gave them a copy of your report and I told them that we needed to have the website redesigned.
--I’ve had the first page simplified.
--I have asked them to make the icons larger.
--The colours are now different too.
--There are more functions, as you suggested, so that customers will be able to transfer funds to an account in another bank.
--Customers also find access slow, so I’m getting it speeded up.
I’m going to make a presentation about these changes at the Paris conference and would like to talk to you about that. There are some things I can do myself, but I would like your help with some technical aspects. I must get some slides made too, and would like your opinion about them.
Have you got time for a coffee on either Wednesday or Thursday morning?
David

Have/get something done使人或安排人做某事
I’ve had the first page simplified.第一页我已经让人简化了。
I’ve told them that we needed to have the website redesigned.
我已经告诉他们我们需要重新设计网站。
I’m getting it speeded up.
我正在让人加快链接速度。
Ｉmust get some slides made. 我必须让人做一些幻灯片。

反身代词
单数：myself yourself himself herself itself
复数：ourselves yourselves themselves

Either, either…or… either of… 表示两者之间的选择
His name is either Richard or Roland. I am not sure which it is.
他的名字不是Richard就是Roland,我不太肯定是哪一个
The new web page can be either blue or red.
新的网页可以是蓝色的或者红色的
Which do you want? You can have either (of them).
你想要哪一个？你要哪个都可以
Can either of you come to the meeting?
你们俩谁能来开会吗？
练习　Activity 7

Section 2
Activity 9
David and Xiaoyan,
I have arrange a number of things for the Paris conference. The laptop—I’ve asked John to check it and the batteries too. I have had the handouts printed by Debbie. Can you pick them up from her tomorrow afternoon, please? I’ve asked Elaine for a