八年级上各单元短语、句型及单元话题范例作文.doc

八年级上各单元短语、句型及单元话题范例作文
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
一、短语及句型
1. go to the movies = go to the cinema = see a film 看电影
2. look after = take care of = babysit 照顾
3. surf the Internet 上网
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skateboarding 去划板
6. (be) in good health =（be）healthy 身体健康
7. keep / stay healthy = keep / stay in good health 保持健康
8. as for 至于
9. take / do exercise = play / do sports 锻炼,做运动
10. eating habits 饮食习惯
11. be the same as 与……相同
12. once a month 一月一次 1
3. be different from 不同
14. twice a week 一周两次
15. make a difference to 对什么有影响
16. how often 多久一次
17. hardly ever 几乎不
18. most of the students = most students 大多数学生
19. activity survey 活动调查
20. go shopping = do some shopping 购物
21. do homework 做家庭作业
22. do housework 做家务事
23. junk food 垃圾食物
24. be good/bad for 对……有益(害)
25. on / at weekends 在周末
26. want to do sth. = would like to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
27. want sb. to do sth.= would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
28. try to do sth 尽量做某事
try doing sth.试着做某
try one's best to do sth. 尽力做某事
29. come home from school 放学回家
30. of course = certainly = sure 当然
31. get good grades 取得好成绩
32. help sb. ( to ）do sth. 帮助某人做某事
33. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
34. a lot of = lots of = many + 可数名词。 许多，大量的
35. a lot of = lots of = much + 不可数名词 。 许多，大量的
36. the results of … ……的结果
37. a health lifestyle 健康的生活方式
38. two or three times a week 一周两三次
39. a healthy habit 一个健康的习惯
40. kind of unhealthy 有点不健康
二、句子
1.   How often do you exercise? 你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？
How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth.? 疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),（在这里助动词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用）与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times…, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。
2. As for homework , most students do homework every day . 
As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要相信。
3. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . 
want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”；want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。
4. She says it’s good for my health.
be good for...表示“对……有益（有好处）”;其反义为：be bad for...。（这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）
如：It's good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你
5. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .
try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示“（用某一办法）试着去做某事”。
6. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
7. Good food and exercise help me to study better.
这里better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级
8. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours?
be the same as … / be different from …
如：A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . 
9．keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
10．You must try to eat less meat .　
try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比较级
11． That sounds interesting.　
这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：
It tastes good.  这味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。
三、词语辨析
1、maybe / may be
The baby is crying she is hungry. The woman  a teacher .
maybe 是副词，意为“大概，可能，或许”，一般用于句首。May be是情态动词，意为“可能是..，也许是..，大概是..”.
2、a few / few / a little / little
 people can live to 100,but  people can live to 150.
There is time left, I don’t catch the first bus.
Could you give me  milk?
a few (少数的，几个，一些)a little (一点儿，少量)表示肯定few (很少的，几乎没有的)little  (很少的，几乎没有的)表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词 
3、 none / no one
 如： of the pens are mine .     is in the classroom.
none指人或物，强调数量，用how many提问，常与of连用。no one 多指人，强调“无人”这种状态，用who提问，不可与of连用，作主语时，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
4、hard / hardly
The job is too             .
I can          understand them.
It’s raining            ,the people can              go outside.
hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。Hardly意为“几乎不”。

Unit 2 What’s the matter?
一、短语及句型
1. Have a cold 感冒
2. sore back 背痛 
3. neck and neck并驾齐驱，齐头并进  4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛= I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach 5. What’s the matter? 怎么了？= What’s the trouble (with you)? = What’s your trouble?= What’s wrong (with you)?= What’ the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you?= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what’s up?
6. sore throat 咽喉痛 7. lie down and rest 躺下休息    8. see a dentist 看牙医  9. drink lots of water 多喝水 10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶  11.That’s a good idea 好主意 12.That’s too bad 太糟糕了  13.I think so 我认为如此 14. I’m not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服= I’m not feeling fine/all right. = I’m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.= I don’t feel well. 15. get some rest 多休息  16. I have no idea = I don’t know 我不知道 17. stressed out 筋疲力尽  18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了 19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式  20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 23. to eat a balance diet饮食平衡  24. healthy food 健康食品 25. stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time  = have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth.喜欢某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like doing sth  
28. practice doing sth.练习做某事
29.mind doing sth. 介意做某事
30. finish doing sth.完成某事
31.give up doing sth.放弃做某事
32.can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事
33.keep doing sth. 坚持做某事. （keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. ）34.be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 
35. be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
36.make a contribution to doing sth.为..做贡献
37.go on doing sth.继续做某事
38.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 
39.remember doing sth. 记得做
40.spend....(in) doing sth. 花（时间）来做某事
41.prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起（做...）来更愿意（做...）
42. at the moment = now 此刻 
43. Host family东道家庭
44. Conversation practice会话练习 
45. I’m sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过

Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
一、短语及句型
1. babysit one’s sister 照顾妹妹 2. visit one’s grandmother 看望奶奶 3. spend time with friends和朋友们一起度过时光 4. visit cousins 看望表弟等  5. go to sports camp 去运动野营 6. go to the beach 去海滩 7. go camping 去野营
8. Go shopping 去买东西 9. go swimming 去游泳 10. go boating去划船  11. go skating 去溜冰  12. go walking去散步13. go climbing 去登山 14. go dancing去跳舞 
15. go hiking 去徒步远足 16. go sightseeing 去观光 go bike riding 骑自行车旅行，go fishing去钓鱼
19. do some shopping 买东西  20. do some washing洗衣服 21. do some cooking做饭 22. do some reading读书 23. do some speaking训练口语 25. at home 在家 26. how about=what about ……怎么样 ？ 27. how long 多长时间 28. how far多远 
29. how often多长时间一次 30. how much, how many 多少 31. have a good time=have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
32. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物给某人看
give me the book=give the book to me 给我书，
pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我，
sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子卖给我
buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书，
make me a cake = make a cake for me给我做蛋糕
 33. get back=come back回来3
4. rent videos租借影碟
35. take walks=go for a walk散步
36. think about考虑
37. decide on= decide upon决定一个计划
 38. something different 不同的事情
39．a great vacation 一个愉快的假期
40. I can’t wait我等不及了
41. the famous movie star 著名的影星
42. an exciting vacation 激动人心的假期
43. Ask her about her plans 向她询问她的计划ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事
44. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
二、句子   
1．Who are you going with? I’m going with my parents.你要和谁一起去？我要和父母一起去。
2．What are you doing there? I’m going hiking in the mountains.
你在那里要做什么？ 我要在山区里远足。
3．Show me your photos when we get back to school.
我们返回学校时，你把照片拿给我看。
4. Please don’t forget to close the door when you leave.
你离开时，请别忘记关门。
5．She couldn’t wait to get home to see he parents.
她迫不及待的想回家看望父母。
三、作文
Weekend plans
I am going to have fun this weekends. On Saturday morning I’m going bike riding with my best friend. In the afternoon I’m going fishing with my father. I like fishing very much. And in the evening, I’m going to the movies with my family. We’re going to watch a comedy. I think it’s very interesting. Then on Sunday , I am going sightseeing in our city all the day. Maybe it can help me know much about our city. And on Sunday evening I’m going to have a rest.
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
一、短语及句型
1. get to school 到校2. get home 到家3. how about=what about  …….怎么样？4. take the subway 乘地铁5. ride a bike 骑自行车 6. take the bus乘公共汽车7. take the train乘火车8. take a taxi乘坐出租车9. go in a parent’s car 坐父母的车10. by bike, bike bus, by subway, by taxi, by car, by train (乘坐……车，放在句尾)11. have a quick breakfast 迅速吃早饭 12. the early bus 早班车13. how far多远14. take sb. to sp.带某人到某处15. doing sth. takes sb. Some time/ money=It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.=sb. spends some time/money (on sth.)=sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth.=sth. costs sb. some time/money=sb. pay some money for sth.花费某人多少时间/金钱做某事/某人花费多少金钱/时间做某事16. bus stop公共汽车站，train station火车站，subway station地铁站，bus station客运站17. want to do sth.想做某事18. walk to school 步行上学 19. in North America 在北美20. in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地区21. depend on=depend upon 依靠，靠……决定22. not all 不是所有的23. need to do sth.需要做某事24. number of students学生数25. a number of=many 许多number前可用large, great, small修饰其谓语是复数26. the number of….的数量，谓语是单数27. don’t worry(about sth./sb.)别着急(为某人/事担心28. around the world= all over the world世界各地，全世界
二、句子
1. How do you get to school? I walk to school.你是怎样到校的？我步行。
2. How about the white shirt? 这件白衬衫怎么样？
3. I usually walk but sometimes I take the bus.我通常步行，但有时坐公共汽车。
4. How long does it take you to get to school? It takes about 10 minutes to walk and 15 minutes by bus.你需要多长时间到校？步行大约10分钟，乘汽车15分钟。         
5. Lin Fei’s home is about 10 kilometers from school.林飞的家离学校大约10公里                     
6. He leaves for school at around six-thirty. 他大约在6点30分动身去学校。
7. Then the early bus takes him to school.然后，他乘坐早班车到学校。
8. A small number of students take the subway to school. 小部分学生乘坐地铁上学
9. What do you think of the transportation in your town? 你对你们镇的交通认为怎么样？
三、作文：育英中学八年级一班学生上学方式调查
There are fifty students in Class 1, Grade 8 at Yuying Middle School. Every day they go to school in different ways. Fifteen students take buses because they live far from the school. Ten students walk. They think walking is good for their health and they live near the school. Twenty-five students ride their bikes to school because they like riding bikes very much and their homes are not very far from the school. No one goes to school by car.
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
一、短语及句型
1. come to one’s party 参加某人的聚会 2. on Saturday afternoon 在星期六的下午 3. I’d love to 我非常乐意 4. I’m sorry 对不起 5. study for a test为测验而学习 6. go to the doctor 去看医生 7. visit one’s aunt 看望某人的姑姑 8. have a piano lesson 上一堂钢琴课 10. too much homework 太多家庭作业 11. much too interesting 有趣得多 12. maybe another time 也许下一次吧
13.Thanks for asking（inviting）谢谢邀请 14. go to the baseball game 参加棒球比赛 15. Birthday Party 生日聚会 16. go to the mall 去购物中心
17. soccer practice 足球练习 18. look for 寻找19. find out 找到，弄清楚，查明 20. study for the math test 为数学考试而学习 21. play tennis with me 和我一起打网球 22. I have a really busy week 我一周很忙23. football match足球比赛 24. my cousin’s birthday party 我表弟的生日聚会 25. write soon 尽快回信 26. study for my science test 为科学考试而学习 27. 给某人打电话的几种说法：call sb. up, call sb. phone sb. telephone sb. telephone to sb. phone sb. Up ring sb.give sb. a ring, give sb. a phone make a telephone call to sb.28. on Thursday night 星期四晚上 29. be (go) on vacation 度假 30. next week下周31. join sb.加入某人一起32. Please keep quiet! 请保持安静, keep+形容词表示“保持某种状态”， keep+(sb.)+doing 表示“（使某人）不停地做某事”，keep sth. 保存某物33. culture club 文化俱乐部 34. try to do sth. 努力（企图）做某事,try doing sth.试着做某事,try one’ best to do sth. 尽力做某事
二、句子
1. Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? Sure, I’d love to.
星期六的下午你能来参加我的聚会吗？当然，我非常乐意。
2. May I ask you some questions? Sure. / Of course. /Certainly. 我可以问您一些问题吗？当然可以。
3. She isn’t very well these days and has to stay home. 她这几天身体不太好，只好呆在家里。
4. Thank you for inviting me. =Thanks for asking (having, inviting)me.谢谢你邀请我。
7. Maybe another time.或许下一次吧。
6. She and I are both students. 我和她都是学生。
三、作文
Tom 邀请Li Ping 参加他这周日的生日宴会，但Li Ping的父母出差要到下个月回来，奶奶又卧病在床，需要人照顾。再说英语考试即将来临，因此，无法前去参加生日宴会。Li Ping感到很抱歉，只好写信辞谢。
Dear Tom,
Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party. I'd love to go，but I can't. My parents are out on business. They are coming back next month. And now I have to look after my grandma because she is ill in bed. And I also need to study for my coming English exam. I'm very sorry but I can't go to your party. Thank you for asking me. I hope you can have a good time.
From Li Ping
Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
一、短语及句型
1. long hair 长头发 2. How are you? 你身体好吗？3. How old 多大年纪
4. how tall 多高 5. how long ago多久前（的事）6.more outgoing 比较外向
7. want/plan to do sth. 意欲，企图 8. here are photos of me 这是我的照9. as you can see 正如你所看到的 10. in some ways在某些地方
11. we look the same我们看起来一样， They look different他们看起来不同
12. the same to ……多……是一样的 13. quite the same 完全一样
14. all the same 还是， 同样应……15. look like 看起来像….一样，而look the same看起来很像16. go to lots of parties经常参加聚会=often go to the party 17. a little taller 高一点 18. take sth. from sth. 从某处拿/取出某物 19. put sth. in sth. 将某物放入某物中 20. make a list of 列出清单
21. has cool clothes 有漂亮的衣服 22. be popular in school 在学校受欢迎
23. be good at sports 擅长体育 24. make me laugh 使我发笑
25. that’s not very important for me 那对我来说并不重要
( be important for sb.)26. put up举起，抬起，挂起，张贴，建造；put on穿上，戴上，上演（戏剧）；put down=write down=copy down 写下来； put out 伸出，扑灭；put away 收起来，收好；put off推迟；put one’s heart into…全神贯注于……,全身心投入……27. opposite views 相反的观点 28. a weekendteacher 周末教师29. Abacus Study Center 珠算研究中心
30. elementary school students 小学生31. be good with children 善于与孩子相处 32. have good grades 成绩出色 33. enjoy telling jokes 喜欢讲笑话 34. can’t stop talking 不能停止讲话35. help others 帮助别人,help each other互相帮助36. in one’s free time在业余时间37. one of +复数名词（代词）……其中之一 38. use sth. to do sth.=do sth.. with sth. 使用…做…
39. be/feel sorry for sb. 为某事感到同情或难受; be / feel sorry for sth. 因某事感到抱歉或后悔；be sorry +to see/hear 听到或看到某种情况很不安或难过；say sorry to sb.向某人道歉40. begin with 从……开始 41. next to 在……旁边，紧靠……42. be famous for 因… 而著名，因……而广为人知； be famous as 作为……而知名43. all together 总计，总共 44. make sb. do sth. 让/使某人做某事，相似的用法有几个感官动词see, let, hear, watch, feel等
二、 词语辨析
1．how long / how far
how long多长，用来询问时间， 指时间上的长短。How far多远，用来询问距离