高三定语从句复习PPT幻灯片课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定 语 从 句,1,The man,who lives next to us,sells vegetables.,先行词,放置于名词之,_,，修饰名词的从句,关系词,连接作用,1.,2.,在从句中充当成分,后,2,关系词,1.,关系代词,2.,关系副词,1.,指人,2.,指物,3.,指某一情况,that,who,whom,whose,that,which,whose,which,as,不能放于句首,放于句中或句首,“,正如”,when,where,why,(,主语,/,宾语,),(,状语,),3,1,、,_ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.,（,04,江苏）,A.Which B.When,C.What D.As,2,、,John said hed been working in the office for an hour,_ was true.,（,01,北京春季）,A,he B,this,C,which D,who,考点一：,关系代词,:,as,D,C,4,1.,非限制性定语从句一般采用,which,或,as,来引导。使用这两个词时要注意两点：,（,1,）,as,引导的从句可以放在主句之前，而,which,引导的从句只能放在主句之后。,（,2,）从意义上讲，,which,指前面主句的内容；而,as,指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成,“就象,那样、正如所,的”,。,5,the same as/such as,的使用问题,当先行词被,the same,所修饰时，关系词既可以用,as,，,也可以用,that,。,在表示具体事物时，有时两者有一定的区别。一般说来，表示同一种类多用,as,，,表示同一事物多用,that,。,如：,This is,the same instrument,that,I used yesterday,.,这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。,This is,the same instrument,as,I used yesterday,.,这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。,6,在,抽象概念,上，同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的，所以两个词可换用：,I have,the same opinion,as/that you have,.,7,such as,与,such that,He is such a good teacher _ we all love and respect.,A that B.as C.who D.so,B,他是那样一位好老师，我们大家都热爱和尊敬他。,他是一位我们大家都热爱和尊敬的好老师。,比较：,He is,such,a good teacher,that,we all love and respect,him,.,定语从句,状语从句,8,1.It is such an interesting book _ we all want to read twice.,2.It is such an interesting book_ we all want to read it twice.,3.I have never heard such stories _ he tells.,A.as B.that C.which D.what,as,A,that,9,考点二：分析有无先行词,巧解定语从句试题,先行词是被定语从句所修饰的中心名词,没有它的存在,定语从句就不能成立。,例,1:He made another wonderful discovery,_of great importance to science.,A.which I think isB.which I think it is,C.which I think itD.I think which is,A,因为定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的词,故,B,、,C,为错误选项,另外关系代词应紧接在先行词后面,所以插入语,I think,应放在关系代词后面。,10,例,2:Is this factory_ you visited yesterday?,A.which B.that C.where D.the one,D,不少同学可能会将,factory,作为先行词而误选,A,或,B,其实将该句还原成陈述句：,This factory is_ you visited yesterday.,时,可以清楚地发现该定语从句,缺少在从句中作宾语的先行词,所以应填,the one,。,11,分析语境含义及句子结构可知,该空缺少先行词和在定语从句中作主语的关系代词,所以应填,those who,。,例,3:The students in our class study harder than _are in their class.,A.who B.those who C.thatD.which,B,12,考点三：有时先行词含义较为抽象,较难看出其属性,应多加思索并认真分析后才能正确解题。,例,1:Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.,A.where B.which,C.while D.why,13,例,2:I can think of many cases _students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.,A.why,B.which C.as D.where,14,例,3:Her illness will not develop to the point_ no medicine can cure her.,A.whereB.which C.thatD.as,15,考点四：,whose,指物时可与,of which,等互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系。如：,This is the book,the cover of which,whose cover,is blue.,16,1)Last month,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from_effects the people are still suffering.,（,05,天津卷）,A.that B.whose,C.those D.what,2)George Orwell,_ was Eric Arthur,wrote many political novels and essays.(04,北京）,A.the real name B.what his real name,C.his real name D.whose real name,B,D,17,“whose+,名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如题,2,），又能作宾语（如题,1,）。,whose,的先行词常用来指人（如题,2,），但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念（如题,1,），这时可以与,of which,结构互换，词序是：“名词,+of which”,。题,1,可变为：,from the effects of which,18,考点五：关系代词和关系副词的比较,1,、,Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago?,（,05,北京春季）,A.where B.when,C.that D.what,2,、,There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.,（,04,全国,II,）,A.,whereB,.,which,C.when D.that,C,A,19,当先行词是表时间的,time,day,等和表地点的,place,house,等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构。如果缺少,主语或宾语,，关系词应该用,which,或,that,缺少,时间状语或地点状语,时，才能用,when,或,where,。,题,1,中的,farm,作,visited,的宾语，故选,C,；题,2,中的,trousers,作,wiped,的地点状语，故选,A,。,20,考点六：介词加关系代词引导定语从句,1,、,The place _the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.(05,江苏卷,),A.which;where B.at which;which,C.at which;where D.which;in which,2,、,He was educated at a local grammar school,_ he went on to Cambridge.,（,05,山东卷）,A.from which B.after that,C.after which D.from this,C,C,21,介词加关系代词引导定语从句是近几年高考中的热点，复习中需注意以下几个问题：,关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用,whom,指人，,which,指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：,Do you know,the boy,to whom,she was talking?,Do you know,the boy,(that),she was talking to?,The pencil,(which/that),he was writing with suddenly broke.,22,解题思路,1.,通读全句，首先考虑是不是某种句型，如强调句型。,4.,将选项代入句子，看前后是否语意贯通。,2.,题干若是疑问句，首先把它恢复为正常语序。,3.,观察设空的前前后后，确地定从句的性质，回忆相关从句的用法特点。从中作出取舍。,23,