非谓语动词.docx

中考英语复习----非谓语动词
非谓语动词
一. 动词不定式
（一）构成：to +V原
（二）动词不定式的否定形式：not to do
（三）功能：
1.作主语：To learn English well is not easy.
2. 作宾语：在及物动词后。Begin；choose; continue; decide; expect; fail; hate; help; hope; learn; manage; offer; plan; prefer; promise; refuse; wait; want; wish; determine; dare; attempt; afford; agree; like...
Eg: My father promised_____(give)me a gift.
3. 作宾语补足语：tell; want; allow; would like; encourage; beg; order; teach; warn; wish; advise...
Eg：My parents don’t allow me______(get) my ears pierced.
4. 作定语：位于所修饰的名词或代词之后。通常位于序数词后/不定代词之后。
Eg：He is the first______(finish) the work.
Have you got anything important______(buy).
5.作目的状语：in order to do; only to do; 根据句意翻译为“为了...;目的是...”
Eg: he ran fast in order_____(catch)the first bus.
How kind you are! You always tell stories _____(comfort) me when I was unhappy.
（四）动词不定式的主要句型
1. 不定式的否定式：not to do
Eg: he determined_____(not apologize) his good friend.
2. 疑问词+不定式=特殊疑问词+句子
Eg：He doesn’t know how______(make) a banana milkshake.
3. Too...to...和enough to do
Too+adj/adv+to do sth=so ...that+主语+can’t/couldn’t...
Adj/adv+enough to do sth=so...that+主语+can...
Eg: The box is too heavy for me to _____(carry).(同义句)
The box is ____heavy _____I _____carry.
The box is ____ _____ for me not to carry.
4. It’s one’s turn to do sth
Eg: It’s my turn_____(clean) the classroom.
5. It’s time to do sth=it’s time for sth
Eg: It’s time for dinner.(同义句)=it’s time____ _____dinner.
（五）动词不定式符号to省略的情况
1. 五看三使两听一感觉半帮助
watch, see, look at, observe, notice
have, let, make,
hear, listen to,
feel
【注意】在被动语态中药加上带to的不定式。
Eg：His sister is often made____(cry) by him.
2. Why not=why don’t +主语+动词原形
3. Had better+动词原形
二. 动名词
（一） 构成：动词+ing
（二） 介词后跟动名词
（三） 动名词作句子主语，谓语动词用单数。
（四） 动名词作宾语：finish；enjoy; mind; practice; give up; keep on; consider; suggest;
can’t help; be worth; be busy; have fun; have a good(great) time;
have trouble/problem/difficulties; feel like; appreciate; succeed;
look forward to; pay attention to; devote to
(三) 动词后接不定式和动名词的区别
1. 八个词的区别
（1）remember to do sth
remember doing sth
Eg: Remember_____(bring) my book here tomorrow.
(2) forget to do sth
forget doing sth
Eg: He forgot _____(invite) Tom, so he called Tom again to invite him.
(3) stop to do sth
stop doing sth
(4) go on to do sth
go on doing sth
(5) try to do sth
try doing sth
(6) regret to do sth
regret doing sth
(7) need to do sth
need doing sth=sth need to be done
(8) mean to do sth
mean doing sth
(四) 常用动名词的句型
1. It is+n.+doing sth
Eg: it is a waste of time______（try）to explain.
2. There is no+doing sth
Eg: There is no use_____(complain).
三. 分词
(一) 分类：现在分词和过去分词
(二) 现在分词和过去分词的区别
现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，和句子主语是主动关系
过去分词和所修饰的词是被动关系。
Eg：The old man walked along the river slowly, _____(think) about something.
At least 300 million people are using QQ, _____(create) by Ma Huateng to chat online.
(三) 含现在分词的常见句式
See/hear/watch/notice/find/catch sb do sth
see/hear/watch/notice/find/catch sb doing sth

【随堂练习】
根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Is it necessary ____________(learn) a foreign language?
2. He is good at _____________(swim).
3. Do you have anything ____________(say) for yourself?
4. It’s spring now. it’s time _____________(plant) trees.
5. Don’t keep me _______(wait) for a long time.
6. The policeman told the boys ____________(not play) in the street.
7. Her son is too young __________(dress) himself.
8. The ice _________(cover) with snow is dangerous to walk on.
9. What’s his _____________(give) name, do you know?
10. I really don’t know what __________(do) next.
11. You’d better _________(try) this medicine.
12. Can you finish ___________(read) the book in three days?
13. The doctor was busy ____________(operate) on the boy at that time.
14.Mary opened the door for him _______(come) in.
15. Thank you very much for ____________(help) us.
16. Granny is very ill and she doesn’t feel like ___________(eat) anything.
17. The girl enjoys ___________(listen) to light music.
19. Do you remember ___________(buy) me a beautiful skirt on my 13th birthday?
20. Which of the following things would you like _________(own)?
21.We couldn’t help ________(laugh) after we heard the funny story.
22. I found a man __________(lock) the door when I passed by.
23. Mr Fang promised __________(provide) some help to the village school.
24. How long did you spend ____（decorate） your new house yesterday?
25. She had a great time _____(have) a picnic on the hill. 
26. The scientist suggested ____ (make)the experiment in a different way. 
27. Why not ____( let) him to go home  ?    
28. They were made ____ (work)fourteen hours a day. 
29. It took Jack twenty minutes ____ (work) out the math problem yesterday.  
30. When you leave, don’t forget ____ (turn)off the light.
31. The meeting room is big enough ____ (hold)one hundred people. 
32. They are looking forward to ____ (travel)all over the world.  
33. The old man seems ____ (be)in a great hurry.
34. There are many girls ____ (swim)in the pool.
35. She had difficulty _____(study) math.

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