资源描述
简单句的几种基本句型
【句型一】主语 + 系动词 + 表语
I am a teacher. He is five . They are in Class One. Our teachers are friendly.
Your watch looks very nice. The mooncake tastes very delicious.
The days get shorter and shorter. In spring, the trees turn green.
【点津】此句型中的谓语动词是连系动词,如be, seem, turn(变得), taste, feel, smell, get(变得) become (变得), look(看起来) 等,作表语的可以是名词、代词、形容词,介词词组,数词等。
【句型二】主语 + 不及物动词
His father cooks. The children are listening quietly. He runs fast in the street.
The meeting begins at nine. They worked day and night.
【点津】主语和不及物动词是组成本句型不可缺少的必要成分。上述句子虽然长短不一,但 都属于这一基本句型。
【句型三】 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
1.He didn’t like the film. 2.She often helps him.
3.I have already finished reading the book. 4. They decided to go hiking.
5. He thought about the problem for a few moments.
【点津】此句型中的谓语动词既可以是及物动词,也可以是短语动词,后面的宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式。修饰谓语动词的状语通常放在句末,这些状语多数是副词或介词短语,也可以是名词短语、分词或不定式短语。
【句型四】 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
Please give me a few apples. I’ll show you my photos.
【点津】此句型中的及物动词后接两个宾语(双宾语),即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。通常情况下,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。有时间接宾语也可改为由介词to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语的后面。比如: give/pass/show/lend sb. sth.= give/pass/show/lend sth. to sth..
Buy/ get/ make/ sing sth. for sb. = buy / get/ make/ sing sb. sth.
【句型五】 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
We call him Tom for short. At first I found Chinese quite hard.
Tell him not to be late tomorrow. He made all of us laugh.
The little girl often helps her mother (to) do the housework.
We found a cat lying under the chair. The six students keep their hands behind their backs.
【点津】此句型中的宾语后面需接上宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,这样意思才完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称复合宾语,宾语与宾语补足语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓或主表关系。可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、现在分词、动词不定式、介词短语等。
1. 接名词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:call, make, think, name 等。
2. 接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:keep, make, find, think 等。
3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时通常分为以下三种情况:(1) 接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:want, ask, wish, tell, teach等。 (2) 接不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:let, make, see, hear, watch等。(3) 接带 to 或不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的是 help。
【句型六】There be 句型
1.There is some meat on the plate. 2.Long, long ago, there lived a king.
3.There stands a school on the hill. 4.There are going to be two football matches this afternoon.
5.There was a bike under the tree just now. 6.There is a pen and some books on the desk.
【点津】本句型又叫 There be 句型,常用来表示“在某地(某时) 有某物(某人)”,但应注意与have 的区别:have / has 作“有”讲时,表示所属关系,即“所有,占有”,而 there be 结构表示客观上的存在,不说明所有关系。临近原则。
There is a new pen in Jim’s pencil-box. 在吉姆的铅笔盒里有一支新钢笔。(钢笔在铅笔盒里)
Jim has a new pen. 吉姆有支新钢笔。(钢笔为吉姆所有) 在此句型中,谓语动词有时不用 be,而用其他动词,使语言表达更生动形象,如 live, stand, lie 等。
注意:There be 句型的提问用 What’s + 地点?
先拟草稿在书写,一点一句一拓展,紧抓中心勿放松,
两个场所三类人,词句连词规划明,分段总结层次清,
时态语态要丰富,定从现完少而精,最后检查看名词。
英文作文评分标准:
1.第一档:符合题目要求,内容完整,层次结构清晰,表达清楚,语言无误。 13—15分。
2.第二档:基本符合题目要求,内容完整,层次结构较清晰,表达清楚,语言有少量错误。9—12分。
3.第三档:部分内容符合题目要求,内容不够完整,层次结构不够清晰,表达不够清楚,语言有较多错误。4—8分。
4.第四档:不符合题目要求,整篇表达不清楚,或照抄、拼凑几个词语。0—3分。;
展开阅读全文