小学英语语法复习知识点.doc

小学英语语法复习知识点一、名词可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。可数名词复数规则：1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet, tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质 （grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如some water）,不能与不定冠词连用。写出下列各词的复数 diary _ day_ dress _ glass _ peach_ juice_water _ rice_ tea _ man_ woman_ banana _ bus_ child _ foot _ sheep _ leaf(树叶) _ dish _ knife _ pen_ boy_ baby_ map _ city _ box _ book _ class _ eye _ office _ car_ fox(狐狸) _ watch _ library _ pear _ skirt _ shelf _ tomato _tooth _ Englishman_ paper _ milk_ family _ mouse _ people (人们) _ fish _ brush _ Japanese _ policeman_ watermelon_ Chinese_ strawberry _ match _ 二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成：1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）1，一般疑问句：一般以is ,are,am,can,do,did,does开头的。回答用YES/NO.特殊疑问句：what,who,why,whose,which,where,when,how,how many,how,much开头的，需要具体回答。行为动词的变化。肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。一般疑问句：Do( Does Did) +主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do, does did）动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练: 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. David and Tom _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Mike _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now, look, listen.）2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.如：Tom is reading books in his study .3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。如：Tom is reading books in his study .Tom is not reading books in his study .4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 如：Tom is reading books in his study .Is Tom reading books in his study ？动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构：be going to + do；如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow.will+ do. 如：I will go swimming tomorrow.三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow. I am not going to go swimming tomorrow. I will go swimming tomorrow. I will not go swimming tomorrow.四、一般疑问句： be动词或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow. Are you going to go swimming tomorrow? I will go swimming tomorrow. Will you go swimming tomorrow?用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.3. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and (catch) insects.4. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.5. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。（Last Sunday ,last weekend,yesterday）2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am/iswas are- were go went swim-swam fly-flew do-did have-had say-said see-saw take-took come-came get-got drow-dreweat-ate read-read sing-sang leave-left get-got写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do _过去时综合练习（1）1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)67. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday.1. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.3. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)5. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)8. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.9. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.10.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)六、形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er ；以字母e 结尾，加r ；以辅音字母加一个元音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。3不规则形容词比较级： good-better根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8._ Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _. 9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she). 11.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom? 13._the girls get up_(early) than the boys?No,they_.14. Jim runs _(slow). But Ben runs _(slow).15.The child doesnt_(write) as _(fast) as the students.