2023年成人学位英语试题.doc

2023Part Reading Comprehension（30 minutes 30%）Directions: In this part there are four reading passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the best answer from the four choices. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage.The exact number of English words is not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words (schoolroom, sugar bowl) or different derivatives of the same word (rarerarely, rarefy) , and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on: the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupations and professions; words used only occasionally by scientists and specialists in many fields; foreign words borrowed for use in English; or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. (86) It would be conservative to say that there are over a million English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we many draw on in our speaking and wirting. Professor Seashore concluded that firstgraders enter school with at least 24,000 words and add 5,000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80,000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary，the words we understand when we read or hear them. our active vocabulary，the words we use in speaking and writing，is considerably smaller. You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the words you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. (87) occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then be fore very long find a way to use some of them. Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for，you can safely use them. 16. According to the authors estimation，there are words in English. A. more than half a million B. at least 24,000C. at least 80,000 D. more than a million17. The italicized word“obsolete”in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to . A. no longer in use B. profound C. colorful D. common18. Ones recognition vocabulary is . A. 1ess often used than his active vocabularyB. smaller than his active vocabularyC. as large as his active vocabularyD. much larger than his active vocabulary19. The author does not suggest getting recognition vocabulary into active vocabulary By . A. making a list of words you need and looking up the new ones in a dictionaryB. spending half an hour studying the dictionaryC. consciously using the words you recognize in readingD. trying to use the words you recognize 20. From the passage we learn that . A. dictionaries completely cover the words we can make use ofB. “schoolroom”is used in the passage as an example of a specialized termC. once you know how a word is pronounced and what it represents，you have turned it into your active wordD. active vocabulary refers to words we understand when we read and hear themQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage.A third of Britons are overweight, states a report published in January by the Royal Collgeg of Physicians，the result of an 18-month-long study. About five percent of children weigh too much，and are likely to stay that way for life；in the mid-twenties age group the proportion of fat people rises to a third，and of the middle-aged population half are overweight. Fat people risk severe health problems，says the report，including high blood pressure，breathlessness, and various forms of heart disease. Smoking is particularly risky for overweight people. The safest way to lose weight is to eat cereals，bread，fruit and vegetables, and cut down on fatty meats，butter and sweet foods，Fad diets do far more harm than good；slimming machines that vibrate muscles have not been proved useful；saunas (桑拿浴) merely remove a little body water，and health farms，says the report，serve as expensive holidays.(88) Exercise is most important to health, the report emphasizes; though it doesnt necessarily reduce weight, it maintains the correct proportion of body fat to body muscle. And it isnt only for the young; from middle age a minimum of 20 minutes of general physical jirks should be practiced three times a week.The report advocates several public health measures to combat the high prevalence of overweight in this country. They include an increase of tax on alcohol to reduce its increasing，and dangerously fattening，consumption；and the provision of more sports facilities by local authorities. Britains doctors，the report concludes，must learn to be more sympathetic and specific in their advice to the overweight，encouraging a change in eating habits on a longterm basis，and taking into account the manyoften complexreasons why fat people are fat. 21. The passage mainly talks about . A. the cause of Britons overweightB. how to avoid getting overweightC. Britons overweight problemD. the relations between overweight and health problems22. According to the report, a person is most likely to stay fat for the whole of his life if he .A. gets fat in the twentiesB. gets fat in his middle ageC. is born fatD. gets fat when he is child23. The report suggests that exercise .A. is a way to reduce weightB. sometimes increase weightC. is a sure way to keep one healthyD. can convert fat to muscle24. The report points out that drinking too much alcohol .A. will also cause one to get fatB. will cause one to do less sportsC. will make one forget the fact that he is fatD. will lead one to bad eating habits25. Britains doctors，when treating the overweight，shouldA. encourage a long-term diet for everyoneB. be more considerate and give detailed adviceC. first consider why so many people are fatD. do all of the aboveQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.One of the most important ways an individual can reduce pollution is by conserving energy. Conserving energy reduces the air pollution created by power plants. Driving less is one of the best ways to save energy and avoid polluting the air.People can save electricity by buying more efficient light bulbs and home appliances. People can also conserve by using appliances less often.People can also buy products that are safe for the environment. For example, households can help reduce water pollution by using fewer toxic cleaning products. If consumers refuse to purchase harmful products, manufacturers will stop making them.People can also help reduce pollution by eating less meat. Farmers use large quantities of fertilizer and pesticides to raise the production of grain on which cattle, hogs, and poultry feed . Farmers would use much less fertilizers and pesticides if people chose to eat less meat and more grains, beans and vegetables. If consumers would accept produce with slight blemishes or imperfections, farmers could reduce their use of chemicals.One of the simplest ways individuals can prevent pollution is by reusing products. For example, some milk suppliers use glass bottles instead of paper bags to carry groceries or to hold garbage. When people reuse products, they avoid both the pollution associated with the creation of a new product and the pollution caused when the product is thrown out.(89) The most important way people can fight pollution is to learn as much as possible about how their actions affect the environment. Then they can make intelligent choices that will reduce damage to the planet.26. There are several ways, listed in the passage, for individuals to conserve energy except .A. driving lessB. using more efficient light bulbs and home appliancesC. using appliances less oftenD. using less fertilizer and pesticides27. The most important way for individuals to reduce pollution is .A. saving energyB. eating less meatC. using paper bagsD. closing all the power plants28. Learning much about how their actions affect the environment can help people fight pollution because they .A. can make intelligent choices to reduce damage to the environmentB. can choose to buy products that are safe for the environmentC. can choose to eat less meat and more grains, beans, and vegetablesD. would accept produce with slight blemishes or imperfections29. One of the simplest ways to prevent pollution is .A. driving lessB. reusing productsC. conserving energyD. buying more efficient bulbs30. What would be the best title for the passage?A. The Most Important Ways to Reduce PollutionB. The Best Ways to Conserve EnergyC. The Simplest Ways to Control PollutionD. Individual Efforts on Controlling PollutionQuestions 31-35 are based on the following passage.The scope of mankinds activities has experienced expansion from land to ocean, from ocean to atmosphere, and from atmosphere to outer space. Space technology, which emerged in the 1950s, opened up a new era of mans exploration of outer space.(90) Having developed rapidly for about half a century, mankinds space activities have scored remarkable achievements, greatly promoted the development of social productivity and progress, and produced profound and far-reaching effects. Space technology has turned out to be one field of high technology that exerts the most profound influence on modern society. The continuous development and application of space technology has become an important endeavor in the modernization drive of countries all over the world.The Chinese nation created a glorious civilization in the early stage of mankinds history. The gunpowder“rocket”invented by ancient China was the embryo of modern space rockets. After the Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949, China carried out space activities on its own, and succeeded in developing and launching its first man-made satellite in 1970. China has made eye-catching achievements, and now ranks among the worlds most advanced countries in some important fields of space technology. In the 21st century, China will continue to promote the development of its space industry in the light of its national situation, and make due contribution to the peaceful use of outer space, and to the civilization and progress of mankind.31. Space technology emerged .A. with the invention of airplanes B. in the middle of the 20th centuryC. with the invention of spaceships D. with the invention of gunpowder32. In the authors opinion，space technology is . A. a waste of moneyB. valueless to our daily lifeC. the most profound development of modern societyD. greatly improving our daily life33. Chinas space activities . A. are carried out on its ownB. depend on the important technologyC. rely on international cooperationD. aim at the occupation of outer space34. China 1aunched its first manmade satellite A. in the first half of the 20th century B. at the beginning of the 19th centuryC. in the second half of the 20th centuryD. at the beginning of the 21th century35.China developed its space technology in order to .A. create a glorious civilization B. rank among the worldS most advanced countries C. expand from atmosphere to outer space D. make peaceful use of outer spacePart Vocabulary and Structure(20 minutes 15)Directions：In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each. sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. You are required to choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.36. She gave her son .A. a good adviceB. a good piece adviceC. some good advicesD. a good piece of advice37. I am responsible for this.A. is B. areC.D. have been38. The Smiths are said to have bought furniture recently.A. a great deal ofB. manyC. quite a fewD. a large number of39. Please go to to pick up your ID card.A. third windowB. the window threeC. window thirdD. the third window40. No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep .A. sleepyB. sleptC.D. sleeping41. The coal output last year was five years before.A. as much as twiceB. twice as much asC. twice so much asD. as twice much as42. Send for a doctor quickly. The old man is dying . A. will dieB.C. diesD. died43. Come and lend me a hand, ?A. do youB. can youC. will youD. shall you44. Some of the experiments described in the book are easy to perform.A. being describedB. C. to be describedD. having been described45. The teacher often has his students to repeat what he tells them.A.B. repeatingC. to repeatD. repeated46. I really appreciate your offering to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.A. you to offerB. that you offerC.D. that youre offering47. I have made that I will never go back on my word. it clear A. that it clearB. C. it that clearD. clear that it48. John has great acting potential , but he needs training to be a real actor.A.B. possibilityC. probabilityD. productivity49. Proper can ease peoples relationship and make their conversation more pleasant.A. insultsB. speechesC. complimentsD. noises50. Then the speaker went on the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.A. dweltB. looked onC. turned onD. 51. Nobody but a young woman survived the airplane crash.A. enduredB. withdrewC.D. lived52. Nowadays advertising costs are no longer in reasonable proportion to the total cost of products.A. connectionB.C. relationD. correspondence53. It is not easy to acquire the ability to speak fluent English or write idiomatic English.A. requireB.C. enquireD. equalize54. Its usually the case that people seldom behave in a rational way when angry.A. stableB. legalC.D. credible55. The news that the firm was closing down on account of bad management.A. got aboutB. came downC. took aroundD. went over56. Although he was careful in connecting the plug, he still got an electric shock .A. alarmB.