资源描述
Module 3 My First Ride on a Train
基础自主回顾
Ⅰ.课标单词
1.__________(n.)专家
2.__________(n.)运动场;体育场
3.________________(n.)幼儿园
4.__________(n.)事件
5.__________(n.)仪式
6.__________(n.)距离→__________(adj.)遥远的
expert
stadium
kindergarten
event
ceremony
distance
distant
7.__________(adj.)被遗弃的→__________(v.)遗弃;抛弃
8.__________(n.)产品→__________(v.)生产→__________(n.)生产
9.__________(n.)风景;景色→__________(n.)场景;景色
10.__________(vt.)射杀→__________(n.)射击;枪声
11.__________(n.)旅程→__________(n.)旅程(短途)
12.__________(vt.)训练→__________(n.)→__________(n.)训练师;教练
abandoned
abandon
product
produce
production
scenery
scene
shoot
shot
journey
train
training
trainer
trip
13.__________(vt.)使吃惊;惊吓→__________(n.)惊吓;害怕→__________(adj.)令人吃惊的→__________(adj.)感到惊吓的
14.__________(n.)面试;面谈→__________(n.)(面试时的)主考官;面谈者→__________(n.)参加面试者;接受采访者
15.__________(adj.)疲惫不堪的→__________(vt.)使疲惫不堪
frighten
fright
frightening
frightened
interview
interviewer
interviewee
exhausted
exhaust
Ⅱ.常用短语
1.____________上/下(车、船等)
2.____________上(车);进入,陷入;养成……的习惯
3.____________下(车);出去;逃避
4.____________是……的缩写/简称
5.____________以……的速度
6.____________(飞机)起飞;变得成功;脱掉(衣服)
get on/off
get into
get out of
be short for
at a speed of
take off
7.____________不再
8.____________过时
9.____________指的是;查阅;涉及;提到
10.__________________在20世纪30年代
11.____________多于,不仅仅
12.____________向……射击
not...any more
out of date
refer to
in the1930s/1930‘s
more than
shoot at
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.Where ____________ most of the people live, in the central part of the country or on the coast?
你认为大多数人生活在哪里,国家的中部还是沿海?
答案:do you think
2.________________!
多棒的旅程啊!
答案:And what a ride!
3.The Afghans and their camels did this ________ the 1920s.
直到20世纪20年代,阿富汗人和他们的骆驼还在做着这样的工作。
答案:until
4.____________________me your ticket?
________ your ticket?
请出示你的票好吗?
答案:Would you mind; showing; if I saw
Ⅳ.模块语法
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.I ________(have) an exciting party last weekend.
答案:had
2.—________ she ________(practise) her guitar yesterday?
—No, she ________.
答案:Did; practise; didn’t
3.—What ________ Tom ________(do) on last Saturday evening?
—He ________ (watch) TV and ________(read) an interesting book.
答案:did; do; watched; read
4.They all ________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.
答案:went
5.She ________(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She ________(stay) at home and ________(do) some cleaning.
答案:didn‘t visit; stayed; did
6.—When ________ you ________(write) this song?
—I ________(write) it last year.
答案:did; write; wrote
7.My friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practise) English last night.
答案:studied; practised
8.—________Mr. Li ________(do) the project on Monday morning?
—Yes, he ________.
答案:Did; do; did
9.—How ________(be) Jim’s weekend?
—It ________(be not) bad.
答案:was; wasn‘t
10.—________(be) your mother a sales assistant last year?
—No, she ________.
答案:Was; wasn’t
考点探究解密
考 点 解 读
1.distance n.距离;远处;远方
精讲拓展:
①in the distance在远处,在远方
at a distance稍远处
at a distance of在……远的地方
keep one‘s distance from与……保持一定距离
keep sb. at a distance与某人保持距离;不与某人亲近
within walking distance只有几步远,不远
②distant adj.远的;远隔的;稀疏的;疏远的;冷淡的
be distant towards sb.对某人冷淡
be distant from离……远
误区警示:考试中一定要注意该名词后若跟of结构其前不用介词in。
朗文在线:
①Place the rod at a distance of 40mm from the light source.
把棒放在离光源40毫米的地方。
②That’s Long Island in the distance over there.
那边远处是长岛。
命题方向:distance作为名词常考查其固定短语及其形容词distant的用法。
活学巧练:
You can see the ancient ruins________a distance of 10 miles.
A.in B.at C.by D.to
答案与解析:B at a distance of“在……远的地方”。
2.abandoned adj.被遗弃的,放纵的,没有约束的
The sailors abandoned the burning ship.
①abandon vt.放弃,遗弃;n.放任,狂热
②abandon oneself to沉溺于
③abandon oneself to despair只会悲观失望
④abandonedly adv.放荡地,堕落地
⑤with abandon放纵,纵情
⑥abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
⑦abandon smoking/ship/one‘s friends戒烟/弃船/抛弃朋友
朗文在线:
①children abandoned by their parents
被父母遗弃的孩子
②We had to abandon the car and walk the rest of the way.
我们只好弃车,步行赶剩下的路。
③They were accused of abandoning their socialist principles.
他们被指责放弃了社会主义原则。
命题方向:abandon作动词的用法及其形容词abandoned的用法是高考试题考查的重点。
活学巧练:
(1)They‘re going to dive into the sea to see the__________(遗弃的)sunken ship.
(2)He______________(抛弃)his wife and went away with all their money.
(3)The search was_____________(终止)when night came.
(4)Lu Xun__________________(放弃)medicine for literature.
abandoned
abandoned
abandoned
abandoned
(5)The broken bike was found________by the riverside.
A.abandoning B.abandoned
C.to be abandoned D.being abandoned
答案与解析:B find sth.+adj.表示“发现某物……”。句意:那辆自行车被发现遗弃在河边。
3.match v.搭配,匹配;匹敌 n.比赛;相称的配对;配偶;旗鼓相当的对手
Match the words in the box with the pictures.
①match vt.使……和……相配,协调
②match+n./adv.和……调和,适合,与……相配
③match+n.+to/with+n.把……和……调和起来/搭配起来
④match+n.+in/for+n.与……匹敌,成为……的对手
⑤match+n.+against/with+n.使……(和……)交手比赛
误区警示:考试中,要根据语言环境来确定match的含义和搭配。
朗文在线:
①I’m no match for him at tennis.
打网球我根本不是他的对手。
②As a couple, they are not very well matched.
作为夫妻,他们并不般配。
③The trip failed to match up to her expections.
这次旅行使她很失望。
命题方向:高考中会利用语言情景来考查match与其他动词的区别。
活学巧练:
(1)Her clothes don‘t________(相配)her age.
(2)Something went wrong in________(平衡) supply to demand.
(3)No one can________(匹敌)her in knowledge of classical music.
(4)He________(与……比赛)his shooting skill against the expert’s.
match
matching
match
matched
(5)I don‘t think those curtains________very well with the wallpaper.
A.suit B.go C.fit D.match
答案与解析:D go with=match与……搭配。
4.supply vt.供应;提供;补充;满足;n.[U]供应,供给;供应量;(复)供应品,一批东西,生活用品
(1)supply sb. with sth.
supply sth. to/for sb.给某人提供某物,供给某人某物
supply a need/demand 满足需要
(2)a supply of... ……的供应量
a food/water supply 食物/水供应
词语辨析:supply, offer与provide
①supply与offer都表示“提供”的意思,但用法不同:supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to/for sb.为某人提供某物
②offer意为“提供”,常用于三种结构:
offer sth.;offer to do sth.;offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.
③provide意思也是“提供”,还有“装备”、“规定”之意,provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物
误区警示:a supply of...表示“……的供应,供应量”,也有复数形式。
朗文在线:
①Local schools supply many of the books to the workers.
当地的学校为工人提供了许多书。
②Our supplies were running out.
我们的供给快用完了。
命题方向:supply作为名词与其他名词的辨析是考查方向。
活学巧练:
A new laboratory building has been built in our school,and it is ________ with advanced equipment.
A.offered B.given
C.supplied D.fitting
答案与解析:C 提供,如D项,则用fitted。
5.allow v.允许,容许
精讲拓展:
①allow sb.to do sth.准许某人做某事
②allow sb.sth.允许某人有……
③allow doing允许做……
④allow for考虑,顾及
⑤allow of显示……的存在;容许有……的可能
朗文在线:
①The committee allowed the oil company to build a refinery on the island.
委员会准许该石油公司在岛上建一个炼油厂。
②The new seatbelt allows the driver greater freedom of movement.
这种新式安全带使司机活动更加自如。
③Allowing for inflation,the cost of the project is $ 2 million.
考虑到通货膨胀因素,这个项目的费用为200万美元。
④The facts allow of only one interpretation.
这些事实只有一种解释。
误区警示:allow后若直接跟动词应跟动名词形式,若有sb.作宾语,则sb.后接不定式。
词语辨析:allow,permit与let
①allow指允许某人做某事或不反对某人做某事,有消极的意味,侧重于听任、默许、不加阻止;可以和副词连用。
No smoking is allowed here.
此处禁止吸烟。
②permit可与allow通用,含有积极的正面意义,多用于正式场合,指给予某人做某事的权利。
The doctor doesn’t permit me to stay up late.
医生不让我熬夜。
③let多用于口语中,祈使句中用let而不用allow和permit,一般无被动式。
Let‘s go!
咱们走吧!
命题方向:allow作为动词常考查其后接动名词形式或接不定式复合结构。
活学巧练:
(2006·全国Ⅱ)Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself,but her parents did not________her to do so.
A.forbid B.allow
C.follow D.ask
答案与解析:B 不允许做。
6.refer to参考,查阅;提到,说到;涉及到……
精讲拓展:
①refer to sth.参考,查看,查阅……
②refer to sb./sth.提到、说到、涉及到某人/物
③refer to sb./sth.as...称某人/物为……
④refer sb./sth.to sb./sth.让……去查询;提交(某机构或某人)作决定
误区警示:做题时一定要注意此短语中的“to”是介词,后只能接名词性的单词或短语,不能把“to”当作不定式符号来用。
朗文在线:
①Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.
请在不查阅词典的情况下完成练习。
②We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
我们一致同意不再提这件事。
③Johnson referred to the discovery as a major breakthrough in medical science.
约翰逊称这项发现是医学领域里的一个重大突破。
命题方向:refer to常以词语辨析题的形式出现在试卷中。
特别提示:
(1)refer也可用作及物动词,“使找(某人),把……提交”。
They referred me to the Enquiry Office.
他们让我到问询处去问。
(2)refer、prefer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词都是双写r再加-ed或-ing,即referred,preferred;referring,preferring。
活学巧练:
The author________in his lecture that the example were________the current educational situation.
A.referred to;referred to B.refers to;referred to
C.referred to;referring to D.refers to;referring
答案与解析:C 第一空中的refer to表示“提及,谈到”,由下文的were来看,该处用一般过去时态,故B、D项不对;第二空意为“与……有关,涉及”,refer to后面已有宾语,故不表示被动,因而用现在分词形式。
7.get into进入,陷入;习惯于;开始对……感兴趣
精讲拓展:
①get into a temper发脾气
②get into trouble/difficulties陷入麻烦/遇到困难
③get into the habit of doing习惯于……
④get into sth.开始感兴趣于……
⑤get on取得进展,进步;能对付下去
⑥get off出发,开始旅行;逃脱惩罚
⑦get through用完,耗尽;(设法)完成;通过;电话(接通)
⑧get over从……恢复过来;使……理解
误区警示:get构成的短语一般无被动形式,做题时要注意。
朗文在线:
①Don‘t get into a mood about it.
别为这个发脾气。
②That’s another fine mess you‘ve got me into.
你又一次让我陷入难以摆脱的困境。
③He had gotten into the habit of walking home through the park.
他养成了步行穿过公园走回家的习惯。
④He’s new here,but he seems to be getting on fine.
他是新来的,但他好像挺适应的。
⑤Some people never really get over the early death of a parent.
有些人永远无法真正摆脱父亲或母亲早逝的伤痛。
命题方向:get into及get的相关短语常以词语辨析题的形式出现在高考题中。
活学巧练:
完成句子
(1)He‘s new here, ________________________________________________________________________.
他是新来的,但他好像挺适应的。
答案:but he seems to be getting on fine.
(2)__________________________.
有些人永远无法真正摆脱父亲或母亲早逝的伤痛。
答案:Some people never really get over the early death of a parent.
(3)(2007·天津)Hardly could he________this amount of work in such a short time.
A.get through B.get off
C.get into D.get down
答案与解析:A 完成工作。本题考查在语言环境中动词短语的辨析。
8.take off(飞机)起飞;脱掉(衣服);切除;模仿;休假;停止(运行),中止(演出等)
It is said that the concert has been taken off.
①take away拿走
②take back收回(诺言),带回
③take care当心,小心
④take care of照料;保管;负责
⑤take fire=catch fire着火
⑥take exercise进行体育锻炼
⑦take air传播,散布
⑧take down拿下;咽下;记下
⑨take hold of握;抓住
⑩take it easy别着急;从容
11 take in吸收,欺骗
12 take out去掉;取出;带出去
13 take place发生
14 take the side of支持某人/方
15 take pity on怜惜
16 take over接管,接任
17 take pride in以……为自豪
18 take part in参加
19 take the place of代替;取代
20 take turns替换;轮流
21 take up从事;拿起;分解
22 take on呈现;开始从事;雇佣;具有
23 take a seat坐下,就座
24 take a message for sb.给某人捎个信儿
25 take for认为;误以为;把……错当成
26 take it for granted认为……是当然的,相当的
27 take one’s temperature测量某人的体温
28 take a photo/photos/a picture/pictures拍照
误区警示:由take构成的动词短语,语义灵活,要把握在不同语境下的正确使用。
朗文在线:
①The new magazine has really taken off.
这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。
②I‘d like to take a day off next week.
我想下周休一天假。
③When he saw me coming, he took off in the opposite direction.
他看见我过来就赶快转身走了。
命题方向:高考中会体现由take构成的短语的辨析。
活学巧练:
(1)He________(匆忙跑去)for the station at a run.
(2)I’m________next week________(休假).
(3)Peter will________(接任)as managing director when Bill retires.
(4)She________(接着讲)the narrative where John had left off.
(5)I_____________(收回)what I just said.
took off
taking
leave
take over
took up
take back
(6)Throughout the week, the young man ________ most of the work in the manager‘s office.
A. took on B. took off
C. took in D. took over
答案与解析:D 句意:整个星期里,这个年轻人接手了经理办公室的大部分工作。take over接管,接手;take on呈现;承担;take off脱下,起飞;take in接受,吸收。根据题意选D项。
9.be short for是……的缩写/简称
精讲拓展:
①be short of缺乏……,缺少……
②be short(时间、金钱等)不够的、不足的
③run short不足;短缺
④in short总而言之,简单地说
⑤cut...short中断
⑥shortage n.短缺,不足
⑦shortly adv.不久,很快
误区警示:short作“短缺,不足”之意时是一形容词,其前不用冠词。
朗文在线:
①Her name is Alex,short for Alexandra.
她名叫Alex(亚力克斯),是Alexandra(亚力山德拉)的简称。
②Your little girl’s not short of confidence,is she?
你的小女儿不缺乏自信,是吗?
③Money was short in those days.We had to get by on $ 30 a week.
那些日子钱不够用,我们每周只能靠30美元度日。
④We‘re running short of coffee again.
我们的咖啡又差不多没有了。
⑤In short,he is a liar.
总而言之,他是个说谎的人。
命题方向:short在高考中常考查其形容词用法。
活学巧练:
—Why didn’t you buy the camera you had longed for?
—I had planned to,but I was£ 50________.
A.fewer B.less
C.cheap D.short
答案与解析:D 本试题在于考查学生对形容词short一词多义的理解。short在大多数情况下表示“短”,除此之外,也可表示“不足”,本题考查的是该词的第二个含义。学生做这一试题时,可从联想词组be short of入手,也可以用排除法来解答这道题,如果把fewer, less, cheap放在句子中,构成I am fewer (less, cheap)句子时,就会发现这些句子存在逻辑上的问题。
10.get on上(车、船等);进展,进行,相处;继续进行下去
①get on/along with 进展;与……相处
②get off 下(车、船等);动身,出发
③get away from 避免,摆脱,离开
④get across 讲清楚;被……理解
⑤get around 传播
⑥get down to 开始认真(做某事)(to为介词)
⑦get in 进站;收(庄稼)
⑧get into 进入;陷入;习惯于
⑨get out of 从……出去;摆脱
⑩get over 克服;痊愈
11 fget through 通过;完全
12 get together 欢聚
13 get in touch with 与……取得联系
误区警示:get on在不同情景中的意义不同。
朗文在线:
①How are you getting on with your English?
你的英语学得怎么样?
②He saw a girl get on the bus.
他看见一个女孩上车了。
③The workers couldn‘t get on for lack of materials.
由于缺乏材料,工人们无法进行下去。
命题方向:动词短语的辨析是高考日益着重的方向。
活学巧练:
Many gifted students ________ poorly in school because they found school unchallenging and as a result lost interest.
A. worked on B. got on
C. lived on D. carried on
答案与解析:B 句意:许多有天赋的学生因为感到学业没有挑战性而失去兴趣,学得糟糕。live on“靠……生活,以……为食”;carry on“继续”;work on“不断工作,继续工作”;get on相当于get along意为“进行,进展”,根据句意,B项符合。
11.感叹句
What a ride!
多好的旅程啊!
感叹句的基本句型:
(1)What(a/an)+n.+主语+谓语!(若句型中的名词是复数可数名词或不可数名词,则what后不加a/an),口语中也把主语和谓语省略。
(2)How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!此结构中形容词或副词有时也可省略。
朗文在线:
①What a dirty ashtray it is!
多脏的烟灰缸呀!
②What beautiful colors they are!
多美的色彩!
③How lucky he is!
他是多么幸运呀!
④How time flies!=How fast time flies!
时间过得真快啊!
⑤How they are working!=How hard they are working!
他们干得多努力呀!
活学巧练:
________ girl she is!
A.What clever B.How clever
C.What clever a D.How clever a
答案与解析:D 考查感叹句型的结构。
12.-ed形式作定语
(1)及物动词的-ed形式表被动意义或完成意义。
respected leader受尊敬的领导
excited children激动的孩子们
动词的-ed形式作定语说明所修饰的名词的状态,-ed形式在一定程度上失去了被动的意义,而是一个形容词。
puzzled look疑惑的表情
disappointed children沮丧的孩子们
(2)不及物动词的-ed形式一般不表示被动的意义,只表示完成意义。这类-ed形式很少能单独作前置定语,可这样用的只有少数表示位置转移或状态改变的动词的-ed形式。
the gone days逝去的日子
fallen leaves落叶
risen sun升起的太阳
(3)动词的-ed形式可构成合成词作前置定语。
widely-used language广泛应用的语言
school-run factory校办工厂
man-made satellite人造卫星
highly-developed industry高度发展的工业
(4)分词短语常放在被修饰的名词之后作后置定语。
a letter written in pencil用铅笔写的信
a book recommended by the teacher老师推荐的书
13.过去时态的时间状语
一般过去时主要用来表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:常与when,then,at that time,just now,a moment ago,three days ago,last year,yesterday,in 2004等连用,但更多的是通过上下文来表明时间。
其用法主要体现在以下几个方面:
(1)一般过去时表示过去某一时刻或者某一段时间发生的动作或者状态。
Last night we went to enjoy a good performance.
昨天晚上我们看了一场不错的演出。
I usually sleep indoors,but I slept outdoors last summer.
我通常是在屋里睡觉,但去年夏天我是在屋外睡的。
I can‘t find the dictionary.Someone put it on the top of the bookshelf.
我找不到词典,有人把它放在书架顶上了。
(2)表示过去的习惯动作,通常同时间状语或者频度状语连用。
He smoked a lot five years ago.
五年前他吸烟很厉害。
活学巧练:
(1)—Excuse me?Is Mr. Brown living here?
—Sorry.He ________ to some other place.
A.is moving B.moved
C.has moved D.had moved
答案与解析:C 由文中的Is Mr. Brown living here可推断应用现在完成时态,表示对现在的影响和结果。
(2)(2009·江西临川一中)—It’s a long time since we met last.Haven‘t you graduated from college yet?
—________.I ________ English for four years in Nanjing University.
A.No;study B.Yes;have studied
C.No;am studying D.Yes;studied
答案与解析:D 本题考查时态,句中的yes,翻译成“不,我毕业了”。“我在南京学了四年英语”仅指曾经有过这个动作,不强调对现在的影响,故用一般过去时态。
(3)She might have been in time for the train,but she ________ l
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