单词检查10.doc

必修一
Unit 1 Friendship
Ⅲ.重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的 vt. (upset, upset)
[典例]
1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。
2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要难过--并没有造成伤害。
3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他为她的病而忧心忡忡。
4). The students really upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。
[重点用法]
be upset by… 被…… 打乱
upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼

2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系
[典例]
1). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。
2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。
3). That's no concern of mine. 那不关我的事。
[重点用法]
as / so far as … be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言
be concerned about 关心
be concerned at / over sth. 为某事忧虑
be concerned in sth. 牵涉到，与……有关，参与

3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留
vt. 使定居，安家；解决
[典例]
1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。
2). The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。
3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。
[重点用法]
settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在…定居

4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历
[典例]
1). Do you suffer from headaches? 你常头痛吗?
2). She's suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。
[重点用法]
suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛﹑ 不适﹑ 悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头:

5. disagree vt. 不同意
[典例]
1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有时意见不一。
2). We disagreed on future plans. 我们对未来的计划产生了分歧。
[重点用法]
disagree with sb/what sb says/sb's decision 不同意某人的观点[某人的话/某人的决定]

Ⅳ.重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. add up 加起来
[典例]
1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.
把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。
2). Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to?
汤姆，10，20和5加起来是多少？
[短语归纳]
add (…) to …. （把什么）加入…中
add up to … 加起来是

2. go through 经历；经受
[典例]
1). The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。
2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。
[短语归纳]
go after追求，追赶 go ahead前进；请说（做）吧
go by走过，（时间）过去 go along with向前，（与……）一起去
go in for爱好，从事 go out外出；（灯，火）熄灭
go over越过；复习 go up爬上，（价格等）上升

3.on purpose 故意，有目的地
[典例]
The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.
那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。
[短语归纳]
do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企图、有目的地
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4. get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展
[典例]
1). He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him 他不是个随和的人，很难相处。
2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作进展如何？
[短语归纳]
get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与……相处得好/不好，……进展顺利/不顺利
get away离开，逃离 get down下来；写下，取下
get down to (doing)开始认真干…… get over克服，摆脱
get through通过，做完 get together聚集

1. in order to… 为了……（可置于句首或句中）
[典例]
1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 图的是得个好座位。
2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建议是为了不让她伤心。
[短语归纳]
in order that… 以便……（后跟句子）
so that…以便……（后跟句子）
so as to为了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）
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Unit 2 English around the world
Ⅲ 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. present n. 礼物adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送
[典例]
1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。
2). I am afraid I can’t help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。
3). Were you present when the decision was announced? 宣布那项决定时你在场吗？
4). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。
5). May I present my new assistant to you? 请允许我向你介绍我的新助手。
[重点用法]
make sb. a present of sth.将某物赠送给某人
at present/ at the present time目前
be present at出席
present-day attitudes/fashion现在的态度/流行款式
present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人

2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握
[典例]
1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。
[重点用法]
command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事
be under the command of 由…指挥,由…控制
be in command of 控制…
be at one’s command 听任某人支配
have / take command of… 指挥…
[特别提醒]
command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气

3. request n.& v. 请求；要求
[典例]
1). Your requests will be granted. 你的请求能够获准。.
2). I requested him to help. 我请求他帮忙。
[重点用法]
at sb's request/at the request of sb应某人之请求
by request (of sb) 应（某人的）请求; 经（某人之）要求:
on request 一经要求:
request sth (from/of sb)要求, （尤指）请求某人做某事:

4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
[典例]
1). I recognized her by her red hat. 我根据她的红色帽子认出了她。
2 Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承人。
[重点用法]
recognize…by sth 认出或识别某人/某事物
recognize…as sth 承认某人/某事物是
recognize…to be承认…是

5. straight adj.笔直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直
[典例]
1). This is a straight road. 这是一条直路。
2). She went straight from school to university. 她中学一毕业就马上进了大学。

6. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块
[典例]
1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街.
2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了
[重点用法]
a block of 一大块
block out 堵住
block off 封锁；封闭
block up 堵塞；阻碍

Ⅳ重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. come up走近；上来；提出
[典例]
1). The little by came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。
2). We won’t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.
我们不会忘记那天我们一块在泰山顶看日出。
3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.
这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。
4). The snowdrops are just beginning to come up. 雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。
5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。

[短语归纳]
come across邂逅 come about发生
come at向…扑来,攻击 come from 来自
come out 出版;开花；结果是 come up with想出
come round 绕道而来 come down落下,塌下

2. make use of 利用；使用
[典例]
1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。
[短语归纳]
make good use of 好好利用
make full use of 充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用

3. such as例如；像这种的
[典例]
1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.
有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌
2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了

4. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与
[典例]
1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。
2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。
[短语归纳]
take part (in sth)参加, 参与（某事物
the best part of sth（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间）:
for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半
for my part就我来说

2. because of 因为；由于
[典例]
1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。
[短语归纳]
because of 是复合介词。
because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。

Unit 3 Travel journal
Ⅲ 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. prefer v. （preferred/preferring） 更喜欢，选择某事物（而不选择其他事物）
[典例]
1). I prefer dogs to cats. 猫狗之中我更喜欢狗。
2). I prefer speaking the truth to lying. 我宁愿讲实话而不愿说谎。
3). Would you prefer that we put off our wedding till next mouth? 你是否更愿意把我们的婚礼推迟到下个月？
[重点用法]
prefer sth../doing
prefer A to B
prefer doing A to doing B
prefer (sb.) to do (rather than do)
prefer that-clause

2. persuade v. 说服；劝说
[典例]
1). We persuaded him to take the job / into taking the job. 我们说服了他接受这份工作。
2). My mother finally persuaded me not to go to the party / out of going to the party.
妈妈最终说服我不参加这次聚会。
3). How can I persuade you of my sincerity？ 我如何能让你相信我是真诚的？
4). I am almost persuaded that he is honest. 我几乎相信了他是诚实的。
[重点用法]
persuade sb. to do sth.= persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. out of sth./doing sth. 劝阻某人做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
persuade that-clause 使某人相信...

3. insist v. 坚持
[典例]
You can come back later, if you insist. 如果你一定要坚持，你就稍后再来吧。
[重点用法]
insist on/upon sth./( sb’s) doing 坚持某事/要求（某人）做某事
I still insist on my viewpoint. 我仍然坚持我的观点。
He insisted on paying for the meal. 他坚持要付饭钱。
Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves. 妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服。
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4. determine v. 决定；确定；下定决心
[典例]
1). Attitude determines everything. 态度决定一切。
2). We determined to go to the railway station at once. 我们决定立刻去火车站。
3). I wonder what determined her to marry him in the end. 我想知道是什么使她最终下决心嫁给他的。
4). The court determined that the man was guilty of robbery. 法庭裁定那个人犯了抢劫罪。
[重点用法]
determine on/upon (doing) sth.
determine + n.
determine to do sth.
determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下定决心做某事
determine + that-clause
adj. be determined to do sth.

Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. care about 关心，在乎
[典例]
1). The only thing he cares about is money. 他唯一在乎的东西就是金钱。
2). Family members should always care about each other. 一家人应该互相关心。
[短语归纳]
care for 喜欢（多用于否定、疑问句）；照顾
I don’t care for coffee. 我不喜欢喝咖啡。
Could you help care for my child when I am out？ 我外出时能帮忙照顾下我的孩子吗？

2. give in 屈服，让步，投降；上交
[典例]
1). Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to give in (to my view). 由于无法说服我，他不得不认输。
2). It’s time to give in your examination papers. 到了交试卷的时间了。
[短语归纳]
give in (to sb./sth.) 向…让步 give up sth./doing 放弃（做）某事
give away 赠送；泄露 give back 归还；恢复
give off 放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等) give over 交付
give out vt. 分配；分发；发布 vi.（食物，燃料，电力等）用光；筋疲力尽

3. change one’s mind 改变主意
make up one’s mind (to do) 下定决心（做某事）
[典例]
1). Maybe you’ll change your mind after thinking it over. 也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意。
2). I have made up my mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it. 我已经下定决心，不管你说什么我都不会改主意了。
[短语归纳]
与mind 有关的常用短语
have a/no mind to do 有/无意做
lose one’s mind 失去理智
read one’s mind 看出某人的心思
speak one’s mind 直言不讳
be of the same mind 意见一致
be in/of two minds 拿不定主意
give one’s mind to 注意…
keep one’s mind on 专心于…
take one’s mind off sth. 转移某人的注意力
bear/keep sth. in mind 记住某事
bring/call sth. to mind 回忆某事
put sb. in mind of sth. 使某人想起某事

Unit 4 Earthquakes

Ⅲ重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂
[典例]
1).The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。
2). The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。
3). On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying.
一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来。
4). A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.
歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。
[重点用法]
burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑
burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭

2. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救
[典例]
1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.
警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。
2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.
营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。
3). Michael rescued a boy from drowning. 迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。
[重点用法]
rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把……..从……营救出来
come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队
a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员

3. judge n.&v. 法官，鉴赏家，裁判，判断，估计
[典例]
1). His father used to be a judge. 他的父亲过去是一名法官。
2). She's a good judge of wine. 她是鉴别酒的专家。
3). The blind can’t judge colors. 盲人无法判断颜色。
4). Don’t judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人。
[重点用法]
judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过……判断……
as far as I judge 我认为
judging from… 从……来看， 根据……判断

4. ruin v.&n. 毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）
[典例]
1). The hurricane ruined all the houses here. 飓风使这里所有的房屋成为废墟。
2). He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。
[重点用法]
be in ruins 呈一片废墟 fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭，落空
ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭

Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. right away 立刻，马上
[典例]
1).I’ll return the book to you right away. 我会马上还书给你。
2). If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away.
如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。
[短语归纳]
“立刻，马上”的表达方式：
right away，right now，at once，immediately， in no time

2. at an end 结束，终结（= finished）
[典例]
1). The war was finally at an end. 战争终于结束了。
[短语归纳]
与end搭配的常用短语
at the end of 在……末尾 by the end of 在……末为止
in the end 最后，终于 at a loose end 无所事事，处于杂乱状态
make ends meet 收支相抵

3. instead of 代替，而不是
[典例]
1). The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. 中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。
2). Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time. 杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。
3). She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.
她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。
[短语归纳]
instead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为“代替；相反”。
instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，其后面的动作，意为“代替、而不……”。
in place of 为介词短语，也是“代替、而不”的意思，表“以甲代乙”，不含比，而instead of则是“用甲不用乙”，除“代替”外，还有对乙作否定的意思，有时意为“不”。
take the place of 作谓语，用在名词、代词前。

4. tens of thousands of 数以万计的
[典例]
1). Tens of thousands of people were watching the game in the stadium when it began to rain heavily.
[短语归纳]
hundreds of数百的 hundreds of and thousands of 成百上千的
thousands of数千的 millions of数百万的
dozens of许多； 大量 scores of 许多； 大量

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela- a modern hero
Ⅲ重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. devote vt. 投入；献身
[典例]
1). He devoted himself entirely to music. 他将一生奉献给了音乐。
2). Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick. 玛丽献身于为病人服务。
[重点用法]
devote… to… 献身于；专心于
在devote… to…短语中，to是介词，后面接名词或动词-ing。常见的类似短语还有：
pay attention to（注意……）;
stick to（坚持……）;
lead to（导致……）;
prefer…to（相比……更喜欢……）; look forward to（盼望……）;

2. vote v. 投票（决定）；选举　n. 投票, 选票,表决, 得票数
[典例]
1). We voted Democrat in the last election. 我们在上次的选举中投了民主党的票。
2). We’ll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.
我们会先听取双方的论证后再作表决。
3). The votes are still being counted. 选票仍在统计中。
[重点用法]
vote down 投票否决；投票击败 vote in 投票选出；选举
vote through 表决通过 put… to the vote 将……付诸表决
take/have a vote on 对……进行表决 vote for/against 投票赞成/反对

3. reward n. 报酬，奖金vt. 酬谢，给以报答
[典例]
1). He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作很努力，但是报酬很少。
2). He rewarded me with a prize. 他用一个奖励来报答我。
[重点用法]
in reward (for…) 作为（对……的）报酬、报答
give a reward to sb. for sth. 为……给某人报酬、赏金
reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因……报答、奖赏某人
reward sb. with sth. 用……报答、奖赏某人

4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的
[典例]
1). Women demand equal pay for equal work. 女性要求同等工作获同等报酬。
2). All people are born equal. 人人生来平等。
[重点用法]
be equal to 与……相等
be equal with 与……平等

5. advise v. 建议
[典例]
1). I have advised you on that subject. 在那个问题上，我给过你建议.
2). Christie advises us to practise oral English as often as possible. Christie建议我们要尽可能多练口语.
3). I advise that you (should) not eat fruit that isn’t ripe.我建议你不要吃那些没有熟的水果.
[重点用法]
advise sb. on sth. 就……给某人出主意 advise +n. /pron. 建议……
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人干…… advise (one’s) doing sth. 建议（某人）干……
advise + (that) sb. (should) do
advice n. 　建议；意见
a piece of advice　一条建议
go to sb. for advice = ask sb. for advice　向某人寻求建议；征询某人的意见
give advice to sb. on sth.　就……对某人提供建议
follow sb’s advice = take sb’s advice 接受某人的建议

Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. be in prison 在狱中，被监禁
[典例]
1). He fought for the black people and was in prison for thirty years.
他为黑人而战且坐过三十年牢。
2). He has been in prison for five years for stealing. 因为偷东西, 他曾在监狱呆过5年.
[短语归纳]
put…in prison = send…to prison = throw …into prison 把……投入监狱
The car thieves have been put in prison. 那些偷车贼都被关进监狱了。

2. out of work 失业,出问题
[典例]
1). Jim has been out of work for several months. 吉姆已经失业几个月了。
2). Mary’s cell phone has been out of work for several days, which brought her a lot of inconvenience. 玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。
[短语归纳]
in work 有工作
out of breath 上气不接下气 out of patience 不耐烦
out of use 没用了 out of date 过时
out of order 次序颠倒；出故障 out of control 失控
out of danger 脱离危险 out of shape 变形
Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见, 心不烦。

3. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心
[典例]
1). He failed many times, but he didn’t lose heart.