重点单词讲解.doc

重点单词讲解
1. difficulty
【点拨】difficulty是形容词difficult的名词形式。difficulty意为“困难；困境”时，表示具体的困难，常作可数名词；意为“困难；费劲”时，表示做一件事的困难程度，常用作不可数名词，其前可用some, no, much, great等修饰；have difficulty (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”，介词in可以省略。
【运用】
Ⅰ. 从题后所给的四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
(  ) —I have great ________ in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me?
—No problem. 
A. fun                  B. success    
C. advice               D. difficulty
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
(1) 如果你有任何困难，去找你的老师帮忙。
Go to your teacher for help if you are in ________ ________.  
(2) 我们不得不面对各种各样的困难。
We have to face all kinds of ________.
(3) 詹妮学习汉语不费劲。
Jenny had no ________ ________ Chinese.     
2. add
【点拨】add作动词，意为“添加”，常用于短语add ... to ...，意为“把……加到……”。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
(1) 我将把你的名字加到名单里。
I’ll ________ your name ________ the list.
(2) 请把果汁加到水里。
Please ________ the juice ________ the water.
3. present
【点拨】present在英语中的用法及含义较多。以下是现阶段我们需要掌握的几个用法及含义：
(1) 作动词，意为“授予；呈递”，常用于结构present sth. to sb.中。
(2) 作形容词，意为“出席的；在场的”。
(3) 作名词，意为“礼物”。
【运用】
判断下列句子中黑体词的词性及含义。
(1) How many people were present at the meeting?
____________________________________________
(2) My uncle gave a book to me as a Christmas present.
________________________________________
(3) At the meeting our headmaster presented a prize to Miss White.
________________________________________
4. congratulations
【点拨】congratulations 作名词，意为“祝贺”，常与介词to连用。
【拓展】congratulate 是动词形式，意为“祝贺；道贺”，常构成短语congratulate sb. on sth.。
【运用】
Ⅰ. 从各题后所给的四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
(  )(1) We offered our congratulations ________ Paul on winning the match.
A. at                                         B. to                
C. in                                      D. of
(  )(2) —Hey, Mary. I’ve just passed my computer exam!
—________
A. Really?                        B. It’s impossible.
C. Congratulations!                D. How come?
(  )(3) —Mum, I’ve got the first prize in the photo competition.
—________! 
A. Good luck                            B. Not at all
C. Good idea                           D. Congratulations
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
(1) 我祝贺你的生日。
I ________ ________ on your birthday.
(2) 我祝贺了他的发明。
I ________ ________ ________ his invention.
5. even though
【点拨】even though意为“即使；尽管”，引导状语从句。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。
(1) 尽管要下雨了，他们仍然计划去博物馆。
________________, they still plan to go to the museum.
(2) 尽管天气很热，但是我们不得不出去。
________________, we had to go out.
(3) 尽管她儿子在等晚饭，她也没有离开电视机。
She didn’t leave the TV set, ________________.

参考答案
1.Ⅰ. D
Ⅱ. (1) any difficulty    (2) difficulties  
(3) difficulty learning
2. (1) add; to   (2) add; to
3. (1) 形容词  出席的；在场的   (2)名词 礼物   (3) 动词  授予
4. Ⅰ. (1)-(3) BCD
Ⅱ. (1) congratulate you    (2) congratulated him on
5. (1) Even though it’s going to rain  
(2) Even though it was very hot
(3) even though her son was waiting for supper