土建专业英语.doc

由WESTBANK根据中华人民共和国水利部能源部联合发布的《水利水电工程技术术语标准》整理，鉴于篇幅空间限制，删除了定义部分和重复部分

涵管 Pipe
涵管座垫 culvert support
焊缝 welding seam
焊接变形 distortion of welding
焊接残余应力 residual stress of welding
夯实 tamping
航道 waterway
航道等级 grade of waterway
航道断面系数 crosssection factor of waterway
航道规划 Waterway planning
航道及运河 Waterway and canal
航道里程 kilomet rage of waterway
航道设计水位 design stage of waterway
航道通过能力 navigation capacity of waterway
航道弯曲半径 curvature radius of waterway
航道整治规划 Waterway regulation planning
航道整治线 regulation line of waterway
航道最小宽度 minimum width of waterway
航空摄影 aero photography
航空摄影测量（航空测量） aero photogrammetry
航空摄影仪 aerial photographic camera
航空像片（航摄像片，航片） aerial photograph
航空遥感（机载遥感） aerial remote sensing
航天遥感（星载遥感） space remote sensing
航向重叠（纵向重叠） longitudinal overlap
毫秒爆破 (微差爆破 ) msdelayed blasting
毫秒延期雷管 (毫秒雷管 ) msdelay blasting cap
耗水强度 intensity of water consumpting use(intensity of water requirement)
合[跳]闸回路 switching [tripping] circuit
合龙 final gap-closing
合同监督 contract supervision
合同仲裁 contract arbitration
合闸 switching-on (switching-in)
合闸电源小母线 switching source bus-bar
合闸母线 busbar for breaker switching
河岸式溢洪道 (岸边式溢洪道 ) river-bank spillway
河槽(河床) stream chennel
河槽集流 (河网集流 ) concentration of channel flow
河槽阻力 resistance of river channel
河长 river length
河床变形计算 computation of river bed deformation
河床变形相似 similarity of river bed deformation
河床冲刷 scouring of river bed
河床横向稳定系数 transverse stability coefficient
河床式厂房 water retaining power house
河床式水电站 water retaining type hydroelectric station
河床演变 fluvial process
河床淤积 deposition of river bed
河床展宽 widening of river bed
河床自动调整作用 self-adjustment of river bed
河床纵向稳定系数 longitudinal stability coefficient
河道安全泄量 safety discharge in river
河道比降 (纵坡降 ,坡降) river slope
河道测量 river survey
河道水文测验 river hydrometry
河道形态 River configuration
河道形态与河床演变 River configuration and process
河道整治 river regulation, river training
河道整治 River training, River regulation
河道整治规划 Planning of river regulation
河道整治建筑物 River training structures
河谷 river valley
河口 river mouth(estuary)
河口模型 estuary model
河口三角洲 estuary delta
河口演变 Estuary process
河流 river
河流地貌 river morphology
河流及流域特征 Characteristics of river and basin
河流及水系 River and river system
河流模拟 Modelling of river
河流模型 (河工模型 ) model of river
河流泥沙 Sediment(silt)
河流泥沙及河道整治规划 River Sediment and River Regulation Planning
河流泥沙运动力学 Dynamics of river sediment movement
河流数学模拟 Mathematical modelling of river
河流梯级开发 cascade development
河流物理模拟 Physical modelling of river
河漫滩 flood plain
河漫滩 flood plain
河势 river regime
河网密度 drainage density
河西构造体系 (河西系 ) Hexi structural system
河相关系 hydraulic geometric relation of river
河源 river head(river source, head water)
荷载 load
荷载及安全系数 Load and safety factor
荷载系数 load factor
荷载组合 load combination
恒定流 (定常流 ) steady flow
恒压喷灌系统 constant pressures prinkler system
桁架 truss
桁架拱式渡槽 trussed arch aqueduct
横波 transverse wave
横道图 (甘特图 ) Gantt chart
横缝 transverse joint
横谷 transverse valley
横基尺（基线横尺，夹角尺） subtense bar
横拉闸门 horizontal sliding gate (lateral drawing gate)
横向变形 transverse deformation
横向围堰 transversal cofferdam
衡重式挡土墙 shelf retaining wall
红外测距仪（红外光电测距仪） infra-rad distance meter
洪泛区 flood plain
洪峰水位 peak stage of flood
洪积 proluvium
洪积扇 proluvial fan
洪水 flood
洪水保险 flood insurance
洪水波 flood wave
洪水调查 flood investigation
洪水调节 flood regulation
洪水痕迹 flood mark(highwatermark)
洪水演进计算 (洪水演算 ) flood routing
洪水预报 (洪水径流预报 ) flood forecast
虹吸井 siphon well
虹吸式取水 siphon intake
虹吸式溢洪道 siphon spillway
后备保护 back-up protection (reserve protection)
后期导流 late-stage diversion
后水箱水力自动弧形闸门 hydraulic operated radial gate with back tank
后损 latter losses
弧面支座 curved surface support
弧形闸门 radial gate (tainter gate)
湖泊水文测验 lake hydrometry
湖积 lacustrine deposit
蝴蝶阀 butter fly valve
互感器 Instrument transformer
互感器的二次负载 secondary load of instrument transformer
护岸工程 bank protection works
护角 steel corner (cornerite)
护坡 slope protection
护坦 apron
华夏构造体系 (华夏系 ) Cathysian structural system
滑动面 slip plane
滑动式模板 (滑模) slip form
滑动闸门 sliding gate
滑动支承 sliding support
滑动支墩 sliding ring girder support
滑轮组 sheave block (pulley block)
滑坡 landslide
滑坡 landslide(landslip)
滑坡壁 slip cliff
滑坡舌 slip tongue
滑坡体 slipmass
滑雪道式溢洪道 skij ump spillway
化学灌浆 chemical grouting
化学需氧量 chemical oxygen demand (COD)
环境本底值 (环境状况 ) environmental background value
环境回顾评价 retrospective assessment of environment
环境现状评价 present situation assessment of environment
环境影响报告书 environmental impact statement
环境影响评价 Environmental impact assessment
环境影响识别 identification of environmental impact
环境影响与库区移民 Environmental Impact and Resident Relocation
环境影响与库区移民 Environmental impact and resident relocation
环境预断评价 prospective assessment of environment
环境综合评价 integrating assessment of environment
环形网络 ring network
环形闸门 ring gate
环氧砂浆 epoxy mortar
缓冲器 dashpot
缓冲器时间常数 time constant of damping device
缓冲时间常数调整装置 damping time-constant adjusting device
缓流 subcritical flow (tranquil flow)
缓凝剂 retarder
缓坡 mild slope
换流 convertation
换流变压器 convertert ransformer
换流器闭锁 convertor blocking
换流器解闭锁 convertor deblocking
换土垫层 cushion of replaced soil
换相 commutation
换相电感 commutation inductancc
换相失败 commutation failure
换相失败保护 commutation failure protection
恢复电压 recovery voltage
回弹模量 (卸荷模量 ) modulus of resilience
回弹指数 expansion index(swelling index)
回流 whirlpool
回路断线闭锁 circuit break blocking
回收金额 recovery cost
回收年限法 return period method
回填管 buried penstock
回填灌浆 filling grouting
回油箱 (集油箱 ) oil return tank,oil sump tank
回转半径 (惯性半径 ) radius of gyration
汇流 concentration of flow
汇势流 sink potential flow
汇水面积测量（承雨面积测量） catchment area survey
浑水灌溉 muddy water irrigation
混合长度 (掺长) mixing length
混合供水 composited water feed
混合式开发 dam and diversion conduit type development
混流泵 mixed flow pump
混流式水轮机 (法兰西斯式水轮机 ,辐向轴流式水轮机 ) mixed flow turbine (Francis turbine)
混凝土拌和系统 concrete mixing system
混凝土拌和运输车 transit-mixer truck
混凝土标号 concrete index
混凝土的拌和与浇筑 Concrete mixing and placing
混凝土非破坏性试验 non-destructive testing of concrete
混凝土工程 Concrete works
混凝土骨料 concrete aggregate
混凝土浇筑 concrete placing
混凝土浇筑温度 (入仓温度 ) placing temperature
混凝土四面体 concrete tetrahedron
混凝土围堰 concrete cofferdam
混凝土养护 curing
混凝土原材料 Concrete materials
混凝土运输 concrete transportation
混凝土运输车 agitator truck
混凝土制备 Concrete preparation
混凝土质量控制 concrete quality control
混凝土质量控制与温度控制 Concrete quality control and thermal control
混凝土重力坝 concrete gravity dam
活动觇牌 moving target
活动导叶 (导叶) guide vane,wicket gate
活动桥 movable bridge
活断层 active fault
活荷载 live load
活门 (阀芯) valve disc (valve plug,valve needle)
活性指数 activity index
火雷管 spark blasting cap
火山地震 volcanic earthquake
火山灰水泥 (火山灰质硅酸盐水泥 ) portland-pozzolana cement
货运量 freight traffic tonnage
机墩 (机座) generator pier
机会成本 opportunity cost
机壳 housing,casing
机械化程度 mechanization degree
机械清淤沉沙池 mechanical cleaning sedimentation basin
机械设备完好率 rate of equipment usability
机械台班费 machine-shift cost
机械效率 actual machine efficiency
机械修配 Equipment repairing
机械修配厂 equipment repairing workshop
机械修配系统 equipment repair and maintenance system
机械液压式调速器 mechano-hydraulic governor
机械制动 mechanical braking
机组 Unit
机组过水能力 maximum discharge of turbine
机组加速时间常数 acceleration time constant of unit
机组块 unit block
机组自用电 unit service power
机座 stator
迹线 path line
积算仪表 integrating instrument
基本导线 primary traverse
基本高程控制 basic vertical control
基本工资 basic wage
基本荷载 basic load (usual load)
基本荷载组合 basic load combination
基本平面控制 basic horizontal control
基本站 base station
基本站网 basic network
基波分量 fundamental component
基础埋深比 depth ratio
基础约束裂缝 foundation restraint crack
基床反力系数 coefficient of subgradere action
基底压力 foundation pressure(gross loading intensity)
基荷 base load
基坑排水 Pit dewatering
基流 base flow
基岩 bed rock
基准 datum
基准年 datum year
基准值 base value
基准中心线 datum axis
基座阶地 bed rock seated terrace
激光经纬仪 laser theodolite
激光水准仪 laser level
激光准直法 method of laser alignment
激光准直仪 laser collimator
极点图 point diagram
极惯性矩 (极转动惯量 ) polar moment of inertia
极限荷载 (破坏荷载 ,极限压力 ,极限承载力 ) ultimate load
极限平衡区 zone of limit equilibrium
极限平衡状态 (极限应力状态 ) state of limit equilibrium
极限强度 (终值强度 ) ultimate strength
极限切除角 limit clearing angle
极限切除时间 limit clearing time
急变流 rapidly varied flow
急流 supercritical flow
集缆室 cable room
集水井 drainage sump
集水井 drainage sump (collecting well)
集中药包 concentrated charge
几何平均粒径 geometric mean diameter
几何相似 geometric similarity
几何扬程 (静扬程 ,实际扬程 ,地形扬程 ) static head
计划管理 plan management
计划价格 planned price
计划指标 plan target
计曲线（加粗等高线） index contour
计算长度 (自由长度 ,等效长度 ) compute length
计算机保护 computer protection
计算机闭环控制 computer closed-loop control
计算机开环控制 computer open-loop control
记录仪表 recording instrument (registering instrument)
技术措施 technological measures
技术管理 Technical management
技术经济分析 technicale conomic alanalysis
技术责任制 technical responsibility system
技术转让 (技术转移 ) technique transfer
技术装备 technological outfit
技术装备费 equipment-out fit cost
技术装备率 (技术装备系数 ) technical equipment rate
技术咨询 technical consultation
季节性电能 seasonal energy
继爆管 relay primacord tube
继电保护 Protective relaying
继电保护死区 dead zone of relay protection
加冰拌和 ice mixing
加工厂 Workingshop
加工面 machined surface (finished surface)
加劲环 (刚性环 ) stiffener ring
加密高程控制 minor vertical control
加气剂 air-entraining agent (AEA)
加权平均场程 weighted average head
加权平均粒径 weighted mean diameter
加权平均水头 weighted average head
加权平均效率 weighted average efficiency
甲类钢 (A类钢) type A steel
架空地线 (避雷线 ) earthed overhead line
架空线 overhead line
假彩色合成（多软片法，彩色合成） false color composite
假定坐标系 assumed coordinate system
假凝 false set
假整合(平行不整合 ) disconformity
间断冲洗式沉沙池 (定期冲洗式沉沙池 ) intermittent flushing sedimentation basin
间断级配 gapgradation
间断角原理差动保护 differential protection for dead-angle principle
间接费用 indirect cost
间接平差（间接观测平差） adjustment of observation equations
间接水锤 (间接水击 ) indirect water hammer
间曲线（半距等高线） half－interval contour
间隙气蚀 clearance cavitation
间歇灌溉 intermittent irrigation
监测仪表与自动化元件 Measuring instrument and automatic element
监控系统 Monitoring system
监视控制及数据采集 supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
减水剂 water-reducing agent
减压板 pressure reducing plate
减压阀 pressure reducing valve (throttle valve)
减压井 relief well
减压装置 pressure reducing device
剪断销信号 shear pin signal
剪断销信号器 shear pin annunciator
剪力应 (切应力 ) shear stress
剪切带 shear zone
剪切弹性模量 (剪切弹性系数 ) shearing modulus of elasticity
剪切刚度系数 coefficient of shearing stiffness
剪切角 angle of shearing resistance
剪切模量 shear modulus
剪切破坏 shearing failure
剪应变 (切应变 ) shear strain
剪胀角 dilationangle
剪胀性 dilatancy
检测元件 detecting element
检查廊道 inspection gallery
检修备用容量 reserve capacity for repair
检修密封 service seal
检修排水井 service dewatering pit
检修排水系统 service drainage system
检修闸门 bulk head gate
简谐推进波 simple harmonic progressive wave
简支梁 simple beam,simply supported beam
碱活性骨料 alkali-reactive aggregate
建设单位管理费 owners management cost
建筑物下游消能 Down stream energy dissipation
建筑物自重 structure weight
渐变流 gradually varied flow
渐进性破坏 progressive failure
键槽 key
江河防洪 Flood control of river
江心洲 island
浆河现象 clogging of river
浆砌石重力坝 masonry gravity dam
奖金 bonus
降水 Precipitation(rainfall)
降水历时 duration of precipitation
降水量 precipitation
降水强度 intensity of precipitation
降水曲线 drawndown curve (falling curve)
降水日数 precipitation days
降压变电所 step-down substation
降雨径流的预报 rainfall runoff forecast
降雨径流关系图 rainfall-runoff relationship
降雨面积 (雨区) precipitation area(rain area)
降雨入渗补给 infiltration recharge by rainfall
交叉建筑物 Crossing structures
交错层理 crossbedding
交错浅滩 (坏滩) eciprocating shoal
交换机 (电话总机 ) exchanger
交流电动机的最大转矩 pull-out torque of a.c.motor
交流励磁机励磁系统 excitation system with alternate-current exciter
交流输配电 Transmission and distribution of alternating current
交通廊道 access gallery
交直流电源切换 AC and DC change-over
交轴超瞬态电抗 quadrature-axis subtransient reactance
交轴超瞬态短路时间常数 quadrature-axis subtransient short-circuit time constant
交轴瞬态电抗 quadrature-axis transient reactance
交轴同步电抗 quadrature-axis synchronous reactance
浇筑块 block
胶合层压木滑道 (压合胶木滑道 ) laminated wood slide track
胶质炸药 dynamite
角度交会法（前方交会法） angular inter section method
角焊 fillet welding
角接 corer joint
角频率 angular frequency
角形接线 (环形接线 ) angular connection (ring bus connection)
角隅流 corner flow
脚手架 scaffold
阶地 terrace
阶段验收 stage acceptance
阶梯式布置 steped layout
接触电压 touching voltage (contact voltage)
接触管涌 piping on contact surface
接触灌浆 contact grouting
接触流土 quick condition on contact surface
接触应力 contact stress
接地 Earthing
接地 earthing (grounding)
接地刀 earth switch
接地电阻 earth resistance (resistance of earthed conductor)
接地短路电流 earthing short-circuit current
接地故障电流 earthing fault current
接地距离保护 earthing-fault distance protection
接地体 earthed body (grounding body)
接地网 earthed network
接缝灌浆 joint grouting
接力器 servomotor
接力器摆动 hunting of servomotor
接力器不动时间 servomotor dead time
接力器反应时间 (接力器时间常数 ) servomotor response time
接力器容量 (调速功 ) servomotor capacity
接力器行程 servomotor stroke
接力器行程偏差 servomotor stroke deviation
接力器最短关闭时间 minimum servomotor closing time
接力器最短开启时间 minimum servomotor opening time
接力器作用力 servomotor force
接线系数 connection factor
节点 joint
节点板 gusset plate
节间 panel
节理 joint
节理玫瑰图 rosette joint diagram
节流调节 throttling governing
节水船闸 (省水船闸 ) thrift lock
节圆直径 pitch diameter
节制闸 regulating sluice (check gate)
结点平差 adjustment of junction points
结构 texture
结构钢 structural steel
结构面 (不连续面 ) structural plane(discontinuity)
结构体 structural mass(structural body)
结晶质 crystalline substance
结尾工程 winding-up works
截流 River closure
截流沟 interception ditch
截流护底 bed protection for closure
截流戗堤 closure dike
截流设计流量 closure design discharge
截流最大流速 maximum flow velocity of closure
截流最大落差 maximum drop of closure
截面抵抗矩 (截面模量 ) section modulus
截面几何性质 Geometric properties of section
截渗沟 seepage intercepting ditch
截渗环 cut-off collar
截水槽 cutoff trench
截止阀 stop valve (blow-off valve)
解冻预报 ice break forecast
解理 cleavage
解析测图仪 analytical stereo plotter
解析空中三角测量 analytical aerial triangulation
界限粒径 grain boundary
金刚石钻头 diamond bit
金属加工系统 metal working system
金属结构安装 Installation of metal structures
金属结构加工厂 metal workshop (steel workshop)
近代水文测验技术 Modern hydrometric technique
近后备 local back-up
近景摄影测量 close-range photo grammetry
近区供电 near region power supply
近似平差 approximate adjustment
进沙比 (分沙比 ) diversion ratio of sediment
进水池 suction sump
进水阀 (主阀) inlet valve
进水流道 inlet passage
进水渠 (引水渠 ) entrance channel
进水闸 water intake sluice
进占 bank-off advancing
浸润线 phreatic line
经常性排水 regular pit dewatering
经济承包责任制 economic responsibility contract system
经济电流密度 economic current density
经济调度 economic dispatch
经济分析方法 Method of economic analysis
经济计算期 economic life
经济评价 Economic evaluation