宾语从句-(2).doc

宾语从句的点点滴滴
　　宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：
　　一，引导词
　　A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。
　　例：I told him that he was wrong.
　　在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。
　　例：I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
　　在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。
　　例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
　　由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
　　例：I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
　　The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.
　　在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
　　例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
　　宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
　　例：I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
　　和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
　　例：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

　　二，宾语从句的语序，
　　宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
　　例：I believe that they will come soon.
　　He asked me whether I was a teacher.
　　They wanted to know what they can do for us.
　　三，宾语从句的时态。
　　宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，
　　既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。
　　主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。
　　例:
　　1)She says that she is a student.
　　She said that she was a student.
　　2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
　　She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
　　3)She says that she has finished her homework already.
　　She said that she had finished her homework already.
　　4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
　　She said that she could sing a song in English.
　　如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
　　例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
　　 He told me that Japan is an island country.
　　Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。
　　例：Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?
　　注意事项：
　　由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。
　　例：She said: “I have been to England before.”
　　She said that she had been to England before.
　　She asked me: “Do you like maths?”
　　She asked me if I liked maths.
　　宾语从句与简单句的交换。
　　由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。
　　例：I don’t know what I should do next.
　　I con’t know what to do next.
　　He didn’t know where he would live.
　　He didn’t know where to live.
　　DO SOME EXERCISES:
　　1.Can you see________?
　　A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading
　　C. what does he read D. he reads what
　　2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)
　　Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan?
　　3._What did your son say in the letter?
　　_He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day
　　A.will visit B. has visited
　　C. is going to visit D. would visit
　　4.He didn’t know__________
　　A.what’s the matter B.what the matter is
　　C. what was the matter D. what the matter was
　　5.Somebody called you just now,but I didn’t know____
　　A.who were they B. who they were
　　C. who was it D. who it was
　　6.I want to know_____
　　A.what is his name B. what’s his name
　　C. that his name is D. what his name is
　　7.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for?
　　---Her cousin,susan.
　　A.that B.whose C .who D.which
　　8.---What are you searching the Internet for?
　　---I’m trying to find out____.
　　A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU
　　B.How many persons have died in Iraq
　　C.How to protect our environment
　　D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
　　9.Do you know___________?(谁正在唱歌)
　　10.Do you know___________?(她正在和谁谈话)
　　11.Do you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)

The keys: 1 A.2 if ,comes.3D. 4 C. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B
　　9 who is singing
　　10 who she is talking with
　　11 what happened yesterday

一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
　　1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.
　　2.  Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me ____ light ____ faster than sound.
　　3．There will be a meeting in five days.  Jack didn’t know .Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.
　　4．Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.
　　5．Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.
　　6．Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.
　　Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.
　　7．How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
　　Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
　　8．Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?
　　9．What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.
　　10．Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know. I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.
　　11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know. I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.
　　12. What's his name? I asked him.  I asked him what _____ _____ _____.
　　13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.
　　14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.  He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.
　　15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.  I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.
　　二、选择填空。
　　(   ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
　　A. if you are free the next week   B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine  D. summer comes after spring
　　(   ) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.
　　A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back   D. not to be so angry
　　(   ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.
　　A. how much is the car  B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car  D. how much I spent on the car
　　(   ) 4. Peter knew_______.A. whether he has finished reading the book   B. why the boy had so many questions
　　C. there were 12 months in a year   D. when they will leave for Paris
　　(   )5. Could you tell me ___________?
　　A. where do you live  B. who you are waiting for  C. who were you waiting for    D. where you live in
　　(   )6. I can't understand ____the boy alone.  A. why she left  B. why did she leave C. why she had leftD. why had she left
　　(   )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east.   A. rise 　B. rose 　C. rises 　D. had risen
　　(   )8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got
　　(   )9. The manager came up to see _________
　　A. what was the matter 　B. what the matter was C. what the matter is    D. what's the matter
　　(   )10. He asked his father ___. A. where it happens   B. where did it happen   C. how it happened    D. how did it happen
　　(   )11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.
　　A. how we should do   B. what should we do   C. how to do it       D. what to do it
　　(   )12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.
　　A. how check  B. to check  C. how to check  D. to how checking
　　(   )13.They don't know _______their parents are. A that   B what   C why   D which
　　(   )14. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set? ─ Sorry, I've no idea.
　　A./, bought   B. has, bought   C. did, buy   D. did bought
　　(   ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.
　　A. how, another  B. what, more  C. how ,other  D. what, another
　　(   )16. ─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes. He ____ to the USA.
　　A. where is he/ has been    B. where he is/ has gone  C. where was he/ has been   D. where he was/ has gone
　　(   )17. ─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.   ─Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.
　　A. you have/ will rain      B. you will have/ will rain   C. you will have/ rains     D. will you have/ rains
　　(   )18. I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.
　　A. finds/ arrives      B. finds/ will arrive   C. will find/ will arrive   D. will find/ arrives
　　(   )19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk.
　　A. that    B. where    C. which     D. what
　　(   )20. He asked me _____. A. who will kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held
　　C. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held
　　(   )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese was  an interesting book.
　　A. that    B. how    C. what    D. if
　　(   )22. You must remember _______.
　　A. what your teacher said  B. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said what  D. what has your teacher said
　　(   )23. I don”t know ______ .
　　A. which room I can live   B. which room can I live  C. which room I can live in  D. which room can I live in
　　(   )24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ?  －－Sorry , I don”t . When he _______back , I”ll tell you .
　　A. comes ; comes         B. comes ; will come  C. will come ; comes          D. will come ; will come
　　(   )25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. took   B. take     C. takes  D. will take
　　(   )26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone . had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
　　(   )27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.A. had     B. has   C. will have  D. are
　　(   )28. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?  A. who  B. what  C. when  D. that
　　(   )29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. A. what  B. if  C. when  D. where
　　(   )30. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what     B when    C why    D how
　　三、用合适的连接词填空。
　　1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）
　　2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）
　　3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）
　　4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）
　　5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）
　　6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. (if, whether)
　　7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. (whether, if)
　　8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. (where, what)
　　9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. (how, why)
　　10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? (why, what)
　　四、句型转换
　　1. “Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.(同义句)→Tom's mother asked him _____ ____ ____ to try it.
　　2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） → I  _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.
　　3. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句） →　Lucy hasn't decided _____ ______ ______ _______ buy.
　　4. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句） →　I don't know ____ ______ _______ to the hospital.
　　5. I don’t suppose they will come, _______ ______ ? (改为反意疑问句)
　　五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
　　1. We are sure that he ________ (go) to school tomorrow.
　　2. Do you know who ______ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?
　　3. Could you tell me where the post office ______ (is)?
　　4. Our father said that he _______ (will) buy a new computer.
　　5. I hear that he _______ (swim) in the sea yesterday.
　　6. The little boy tells us where his father _______ (work).
　　7. He said that he _________ (finish) his work already.
　　8. They thought they could _______ (hike) to the top of the mountain.
　　9. He was glad that so many people _____ (help) him.
　　10. She doesn’t know whether ________ (go) or wait.
　　宾语从句专项训练（二）
　　一．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
　　1．I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow．_________ he comes，I'll tell you．
　　A．if；Whether B．whether；Whether  C．if；That  D．if；If
　　2．I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow．
　　A．when does he come B．how will he come
　　C．if he comes D．whether he'll come
　　3．Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is？
　　A．what B．how C．whether D．where
　　4．Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？
　　A．how did he mend B．what did he mend
　　C．how he mended D．what he mended
　　5．I want to know _________ ．
　　A．whom is she looking after B．whom she is looking
　　C．whom is she looking D．whom she is looking after
　　6．Do you know where _________ now？
　　A．he lives B．does he live C．he lived D．did he live
　　7．Do you know what time _________ ？
　　A．the train leave B．does the train leave
　　C．will the train leave D．the train leaves
　　8．I don't know _________ ．Can you tell me，please？
　　A．how the two players are old B．how old are the two players
　　C．the two players are how old D．how old the two players are
　　9．The small children don't know _________ ．
　　A．what is their stockings in B．what is in their stockings
　　C．where is their stockings in D．what in their stockings
　　10．I can't understand _________ ．
　　A．what does Christmas mean B．what Christmas does mean
　　C．what mean Christmas does D．what Christmas means
　　11 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
　　A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
　　12 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
　　A. has never gone B. had never gone
　　C. has never been D. had never been
　　13 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
　　A. had B. has . C. will have D. are
　　14 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
　　A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
　　15 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
　　A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled
　　16 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
　　A. who B. what C. when D. that
　　17 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
　　A. what B. if C. when D. where
　　18 I hardly understand___ he has told me.
　　A. that B. what C. which D. who
　　19 She didn't know___ back soon.
　　A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be
　　20 I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
　　A. whether B where C. what D.when
　　21 Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
　　A. what B when C why D how
　　22 He asked me _____told me the accident.
　　A whom B which C who D whose
　　23.They don't know ______their parents are.
　　A that B what C why D which
　　24.Please tell me ______what last year.
　　A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work
　　C where your sister works D where your sister worked
　　25.She asked me if I knew ______.
　　A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was
　　C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
　　26. You must remember ________.
　　A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
　　C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
　　27 Did you know ____?
　　A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
　　C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
　　28 Could you tell me ___?
　　A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
　　C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing
　　29.What did Mike say? He said __________