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江苏太仓市明德高级中学10-11学年高二生物上学期阶段测验苏教版.doc

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<p>江苏太仓市明德高级中学高二生物阶段测验 (45分钟)2010年9月29日 姓名 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 班级 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;学号 注:请将选择题答案转填到试卷22题后面的选择题答题纸上 1.(海南)关于动物内环境稳态的叙述,错误的是 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) A.血浆渗透压与蛋白质含量有关,与无机离子含量无关 B.H2CO3/NaHCO3是维持细胞外液pH稳定的缓冲物质 C.细胞内、外的Na+、K+分布不平衡状态是通过消耗能量来维持的 D.运动后Na+、K+排出体外较多,但机体的内环境仍维持相对稳定状态 2.(江苏)下列有关神经兴奋的叙述,正确的是 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp;A.静息状态时神经元的细胞膜内外没有离子进出 &nbsp;B.组织液中Na+浓度增大,则神经元的静息电位减小 &nbsp;C.突触间隙中的神经递质经主动运输穿过突触后膜而传递兴奋 D.神经纤维接受刺激产生的兴奋以电信号的形式传导 3. (宁夏)下列关于激素的叙述,错误的是 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; A.肾上腺素发挥作用后被灭活 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B.体内失水过多时抗利尿激素释放减少 &nbsp; C.激素调节过程中存在反馈调节 &nbsp; D.对血样中相关激素水平的分析可帮助诊断甲状腺疾病 4.右图表示一个感染HIV的人在细胞学和生物化学方面的变化,图中①②③三条曲线 分别表示 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) A.病毒的数量、T细胞的数量、抗体的浓度 B.病毒的数量、抗体的浓度、T细胞的数量 C.抗体的浓度、病毒的数量、T细胞的数量 D.抗体的浓度、T细胞的数量、病毒的数量 5.右图表示三个神经元及其联系,其中“—O—&lt;”表示从树突到胞体再到轴突及末梢,下列有关叙述错误的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.强刺激c点, a、b点都会测到电位变化 B.强刺激b点,则该点的膜电位变为内正外负 C.图中共有3个完整的突触 D.A可能与感受器连接 6. 大面积烧伤时,若护理不当,易发生感染而引起严重后果,原因是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;( &nbsp; &nbsp;) A.特异性免疫的能力减弱 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.非特异性免疫的能力减弱 C.体液大量损失 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.营养物质不能及时补充,影响皮肤再生 7. 下列关于机体水和无机盐调节的叙述中正确的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.血浆渗透压降低时,引起口渴 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.血浆渗透压降低时,抗利尿激素增加 C.机体失水时,抗利尿激素分泌减少 &nbsp; &nbsp;D.机体失水时,抗利尿激素分泌增加 8.下列膜电位变化的图中,能正确表示神经纤维由静息状态转变为兴奋状态的( &nbsp; &nbsp;) 9.有关内环境的叙述,正确的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;A.内环境包括血液、组织液和淋巴等B.剧烈运动后,乳酸在血浆中含量先增加后减少 C.人喝醋后,血浆中的pH明显下降 &nbsp; D.内环境的化学成分中,蛋白质含量最多 10下列物质中不属于内环境成分的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.葡萄糖 &nbsp; &nbsp; B.激素 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C.氨基酸 &nbsp; D.血红蛋白 11.下列有关稳态的描述中,错误的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;( &nbsp; ) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;A.内环境稳态是机体进行正常生命活动的必要条件 B.人体稳态的形成需要多个器官、系统的参与 C.内环境的稳态是指各项理化性质是保持不变的 D.人体维持稳态的调节能力是有限的 12.人体的体液是指 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.细胞外液和消化液 B.细胞内液和血液 C.血浆、组织液、淋巴 D.细胞内液和细胞外液 13.正常情况下,不属于人体血糖来源的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.肌糖原分解 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B.脂肪等非糖物质的转化 C.肝糖原分解 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D.食物中的糖类经消化和吸收 14.细胞免疫和体液免疫的共同点是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.都能产生抗体 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B.都属于非特异性免疫 C.免疫细胞都在骨髓中成熟 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D都能产生记忆细胞 15.下列有关人体免疫系统中B细胞和T细胞的叙述,错误的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.都属于淋巴细胞 &nbsp;B都参与体液免疫过程 &nbsp;C都能够识别特异性抗原 D都能产生抗体 16.下列各项中均属于人体内环境组成成分的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp;①血浆、组织液、淋巴 &nbsp; &nbsp;②血红蛋白、O2、葡萄糖 &nbsp; &nbsp;③葡萄糖、CO2、胰岛素 &nbsp; &nbsp; ④激素、递质小泡、氨基酸 A.③④ &nbsp; &nbsp;B.②④ &nbsp; &nbsp;C.①② &nbsp; &nbsp;D.①③ 17.如图所示是反射弧,其中E表示感受器、A表示效应器。以下叙述中正确的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp;A.①处进行电刺激,则在A、E处均能测到膜电位变化 &nbsp;B.②处进行电刺激,则该处膜内电位将由正电位变为负电位 &nbsp;C.②处进行电刺激,则B处将会出现兴奋传导现象 &nbsp;D.在①处进行电刺激,能引起C处释放递质,传导兴奋 18.突触小泡中含有乙酰胆碱,它是一种兴奋性神经递质,可以被胆碱酯酶所分解。有机磷农药则能够抑制胆碱酯酶的活性。当人体发生有机磷中毒时,会发生的效应是( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp;A.突触前神经元持续兴奋 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.突触后神经元持续兴奋 &nbsp;C.突触前神经元持续抑制 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.突触后神经元持续抑制 19.艾滋病被认为20世纪的瘟疫,研制和开发出相应的疫苗是防治艾滋病的有效手段,但此项工作遇到的困难较大,其主要原因是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp;A.人体细胞膜缺乏识别HIV的糖蛋白B.人体对艾滋病的免疫方式主要是细胞免疫 &nbsp;C.HIV为RNA病毒,极不稳定,变异太快 D.疫苗在人体内不易引起淋巴细胞的是免疫反应 20. 为验证胚芽鞘弯曲生长的原理,某同学按下图进行了实验。其实验结果应为( &nbsp; &nbsp;) A.胚芽鞘向右弯曲生长 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B.胚芽鞘向左弯曲生长 C.胚芽鞘直立生长 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D.胚芽鞘不生长 21.(多选)组织液大量积累在组织间隙会导致组织水肿,下列可引起组织水肿的是( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp; &nbsp;A.营养不良,血浆蛋白含量减少 &nbsp; &nbsp; B.花粉过敏引起毛细血管通透性增加 &nbsp;C.肾小球肾炎导致蛋白尿 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D.食物过咸导致血浆渗透压增高 22.(多选)下列各项中,与植物激素有关的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ( &nbsp; &nbsp;) &nbsp;A.生产无子西瓜 &nbsp; &nbsp; B.无子番茄 &nbsp; &nbsp; C.棉花摘心 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.培育多倍体 选择题答题纸(每题3分共66分) 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A D B B A B D D B D 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C D A D D D C B C A 题号 &nbsp; 21(多选) &nbsp; 22(多选) 答案 ABC BC 23.(6分)下图表示反射弧和神经纤维局部放大的示意图,据图回答: (1)在A图中,①所示的结构属于反射弧的___感受器______________。 (2)B图表示神经纤维受到刺激的瞬间膜内外电荷的分布情况,在a、b、c中兴奋部 位是__b_____________。在兴奋部位和相邻的未兴奋部位之间,由于电位差的存在而发 生电荷移动,这样就形成了___局部电流______。 (3)兴奋在反射弧中按单一方向传导的原因是在A图的___6__(填标号)结构中, 信号的传递是单一方向的。在此结构中信号的转换模式为:电信号 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 化学信号 &nbsp;____ &nbsp; &nbsp; ___ &nbsp;电信号 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; _ 24.(10分)如图所示为某种特异性免疫细胞的某时期结构,请据图回答 &nbsp;(1)该细胞为 &nbsp;浆 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 细胞,判断的依据是 能产生抗体 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ; &nbsp;(2)抗体由细胞内的[ 4 ] &nbsp; 核糖体 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 合成,由 [ &nbsp;1] &nbsp;细胞膜 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;分泌到细胞外。 &nbsp;(3)如果图中抗体换成淋巴因子,那么该细胞应 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;T 细胞。 25.(8分)将培植在琼脂培养基内的蚕豆幼苗分别放入四个暗箱中一段时间(如下图),其中第②和第④号暗箱分别在顶部和右侧开孔,使光线能射入,请据图回答: (1)选择 &nbsp; &nbsp;3、4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;两个装置进行实验,可了解蚕豆茎的生长与光的关系。 (2)选择 &nbsp; 1、3 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 两个装置进行实验,可了解蚕豆茎和根的生长与重力的关系。 (3)④装置中蚕豆幼苗的茎尖生长情况是 向光弯曲生长 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。如将④装置放在匀速旋转器上,茎尖的生长情况是 &nbsp;向开口方向弯曲生长 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 26.(10分)如图是人体内某局部组织的模式图,箭头表示物质交换方向,A、B、C表示结构,a、b、c、d表示液体。请据图分析回答: (1) a~d中不属于内环境组成的是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; a &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。试以箭头图示表示a—d四种物质交换概况 a &nbsp; &nbsp;b &nbsp; &nbsp;d &nbsp; &nbsp; c &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。 (2)图中a~d,O2浓度最高、最低的分别是 &nbsp; &nbsp; d,a &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;,CO2浓度最高、最低的分别是 &nbsp; a,d &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。试写出人体内利用O2并产生CO2的反应式 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;酶 &nbsp; &nbsp;C6H12O6 +H2O+O2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;CO2+H2O+能量 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 (3)a~d之间既彼此分离,又相互联系。a和b之间隔以 &nbsp; 细胞膜 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;,b和d之间隔以 &nbsp; &nbsp;毛细血管壁 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;,b和c之间隔以 &nbsp; 毛细淋巴管壁 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ,b的来源有 细胞内液、血浆 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ,b的去向有__细胞内液、血浆、淋巴___________ - 4 -</p>
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