一般过去式复习材料.doc

不规则动词过去式表
动词 过去式
be (am\ is) was
are were
come came
go went
do (does) did
fly flew
draw drew
make made
sing sang
have (has) had
eat ate
drink drank
put put
let let
read read
can could
see saw
meet met
get got
forget forgot
take took
can could
may might
shall should
will would
know knew
begin bigan

动词 过去式
bend bent
build built
spend spent
mean meant
learn learnt learned
buy bought
think thought
teach taught
catch caught
sleep slept
sweep swept
keep kept
speak spoke
ride rode
feel felt
leave left
give gave
run ran
ring rang
sit sat
swim swam
say said
stand stood
tell told
throw threw
win won
write wrote

一般过去时句型结构
句型： 1.一般句子 I watched TV last night. 2.一般疑问句 Did you watch TV last night? 　 3.there be 句型 There was an apple on the table last night. Was there an apple on the table last night?
口诀：一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didn't 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 　　最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。
过去时的一般形态：
1．Be 动词的一般过去时态. 　　
在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were. 　　
构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语 　　如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了。） 　　
否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语 　　如：We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到) 　　疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+表语 　　如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗？） 　　
肯定回答： Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。) 　　否定句： No, I wasn't. (不，我没病。) 　　
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语 　　如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？ 　　
2．实义动词的一般过去时态 　　
肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 　　肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语 　　如： I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。） 　　
否定句：主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语 　　如：I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。) 　　疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语 　　如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗？) 　　肯定回答： Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。) 　　否定回答：No, I didn't. (不，我没回家。)

构成
　　表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式变化如下：
　　（1）一般情况下，动词词尾加 ed ，如：
　　worked played wanted acted
　　（2）以不发音的 e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 d，如：
　　lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
　　（3）以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加ed，如：
　　studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
　　（4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 ed，如：
　　stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
　　（5）注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。

规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音：
　　1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。如：asked, helped, watched, stopped
　　2. 在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called
　　3. 在t / d后读作[id]。如：wanted, needed
　　不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法：
　　1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat
　　2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
　　3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
　　4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew
　　5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt
　　6. 含有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。如：sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank