高考英语二轮专题复习-阅读理解(九).doc

2012届高考英语二轮专题精品复习资料阅读理解（九）
1
Runners in a relay(接力)race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B. C. to about A. D. 1300, when sea travel offered new routes (路线). It was sometimes called the world’s longest highway. However，the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe.
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia.Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods.Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome.The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接)different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to worldwide business 2000 years before the World Wide Web.
The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning，diplomacy(外交)，and religion (宗教)．
5. It’s probable that traders along the Silk Road needed________.
A. to remember the entire trade route
B. to know the making of products
C. to receive certain special training
D. to deal with a lot of difficulties
【详解剖析】　细节理解题。根据“The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun，deep snow and even battles.Only experienced traders could return safe.”可知D项正确。
【最佳选项】　D
6. The Silk Road became less important because________.
A. it was made up of different routes
B. silk trading became less popular
C. sea travel provided easier routes
D. people needed fewer foreign goods
【详解剖析】　细节理解题。根据“It was used from about 200B.C.，to about AD1300，when sea travel offered new routes”能找到原因是“sea travel provided easier routes”。
【最佳选项】　C
7. New technologies could travel along the Silk Road because people________.
A. learned from one another
B. shared each other’s beliefs
C. traded goods along the route
D. earned their living by traveling
【详解剖析】　细节理解题。根据“The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods.They also shared their beliefs.The Silk Road provided pathways for learning，diplomacy，and religion”能看出人们彼此之间能学习一些东西。
【最佳选项】　A
8. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Silk Road：Past and Present
B. The Silk Road: East Meets West
C. The Silk Road：Routes Full of Dangers
D. The Silk Road：Pathways for Learning
【详解剖析】　主旨大意题。根据“The Silk Road was not a simple trading network.It passed through thousands of cities and towns.It started from eastern China，across Central Asia and the Middle East，and ended in the Mediterranean Sea.”可知The Silk Road：East Meets West是最佳标题。
【最佳选项】　B
2
Four people in England ，back in 1953, stared at Photo 51.It wasn’ t much — a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed — the shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick，and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.
Her name was Rosalind Franklin. “She should have been up there，” says historian Mary Bowden.“ If her photos hadn’ t been there, the others couldn’ t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision.But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.
At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’ s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’ s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone Xrays at the molecule (分子). The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.
But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.
What she did was produce Xray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return，“ Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.”
As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina AbirAm. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”
No, Franklin was the solution.“ She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA. She must be considered a codiscoverer，” AbirAm says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”， Franklin is finally coming into the light.
【文章大意概括】　谁发现了DNA，仅仅只有James Watson，Francis Crick和Maurice Wilkins吗？本文作者告诉我们，功劳也有Rosalind Franklin的一份。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.
B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.
C. The process of discovering DNA.
D. The race between two teams of scientists.
【详解剖析】　主旨大意题。通读全文，可知Franklin在DNA的发现中也做出了重要贡献，但却由于某些原因而不为人知。由此答案选B项：她受到了不公正的对待。
【最佳选项】　B
2．Watson was angry with Franklin because she________.
A. took the lead in the competition
B. kept her results from him
C. proved some of his findings wrong
D. shared her data with other scientists
【详解剖析】　逻辑推理题。从第五段前两句可知，Franklin直言不讳地指出他们犯的错误，这引起了Watson的不满。答案选C。
【最佳选项】　C
3．Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA” ?
A. She developed pictures in dark labs.
B. She discovered the black X— the shape of DNA.
C. Her name was forgotten after her death.
D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.
【详解剖析】　逻辑推理题。从全文可知，作者认为Franklin的贡献被忽略掉了，她的贡献理应得到人们的承认。所以答案选D。
【最佳选项】　D
4．What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins ，Watson and Crick?
A. Disapproving.　　　　　 B. Respectful.
C. Admiring. D. Doubtful.
【详解剖析】　态度推测题。从全文知，作者肯定了Franklin的贡献，对另外三个科学家的行为表示“不满，不赞成”，所以答案选A。
【最佳选项】　A

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