聚焦定语从句.doc

聚焦定语从句温故知新我们初中的时候学过形容词、名词等作定语来修饰某一名词或代词。那么句子可以作定语吗？可以！如果一个句子充当了定语，那么我们称之为定语从句。先来看这样两个句子：1) The man is my English teacher. 2) I met him in the street. 如果想把这两个句子合并成一个句子，我们可将句2) 转换成定语从句来修饰the man，即：The man that / who / whom I met in the street is my English teacher. 这个句子中的that / who / whom I met in the street 就充当了the man的定语，它就是定语从句；而被修饰的the man叫做先行词。另外，你发现了吗？句2)中的him换成了关系代词that / who / whom，并放在了定语从句的最前面，我们把that, who, whom等词叫做引导词。例句呈现1. Is he the man that / who sells the dog?2. Do you know the boy whom / who / that I talked with just now?3. She was not on the train that / which arrived just now.4. What do you think of the photos that / which I took in the park?5. The book whose cover is green was lost yesterday.6. The first place that we visited in Beijing was the Great Wall.7. It was the largest map that I ever saw.8. I have read all the books that you lent me.9. Is there anything else that I can do for you?10. They talked about the people and things that they remembered in the old days.11. Who is the man that shook hands with you just now?小结归纳 关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose都可以引导定语从句，使用它们时我们应该考虑两点：1. 先行词是“人”还是“物”；2. 关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分。 首先，当先行词是“人”时：1) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，用that / who，如：句1；2) 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，用whom / that / who，如：句 2。 其次，先行词如果是“物”时：可用关系代词that / which来充当主语或者宾语，如：句3、4。 综上所述， that既可以指“人”又可以指“物”，而which只能指“物”，who / whom只能指“人”；who / that / which 都可以作主语或宾语，而whom只能作宾语；此外， whose 在定语从句中放在某一个名词或代词前作定语，如：句5。特别需要指出的是：当关系代词作宾语时常常省略，而作主语时则不能省略，如：句2、4、6、7、8、9、10中的关系代词可以省略；而句1、3、11中的关系代词不可以省略。 另外，还有一些情况一般只用that引导定语从句：(1) 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时，如：句6、7；(2) 当先行词被all, some, any, no, little, much等修饰时，如：句8； (3) 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时，如：句9；(4) 当先行词既有人又有物时，如：句10；(5) 当主句以疑问词who或which开头时，如：句11。即学即用请完成下列句子。1. Do you like the present _ I bought you yesterday?2. The storybook _ was written by his uncle is quite interesting.3. The boy _ computer doesnt work well needs your help.4. This is the best movie _ we have seen this year.5. The doctor _ we met in the street is from America.6. The passengers and the suitcases _ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane. 7. Who is the girl _ you want to make friends with?8. This is the last lesson _ Mr. Smith taught us.Key: 1. that / which / 不填2. that / which 3. whose4. that / 不填 5. whom / who / that / 不填 6. that 7. that / 不填8. that / 不填