阅读理解专练.docx

阅 读 理 解 专 练
高考阅读理解要求考生在规定的时间内完成4篇不同体裁、题材的阅读理解题。考生不仅要能正确理解文章的表层意思，还要能通过表层意思合理地推断出文章的隐含意义。近几年阅读理解的命题已从对传统知识的掌握情况的考查转向对能力的考查，命题者更关注考生用英语获取信息的能力和处理相关信息的能力。随着高考的发展，英语阅读理解这一题型已经成熟。1．体裁和题材

A篇
B篇
C篇
D篇
2016
卷Ⅰ
人物故事(记叙文)
社会文化(夹叙夹议)
人物故事(记叙文)
社会文化(议论文)
卷Ⅱ
娱乐活动(应用文)
文化教育(记叙文)
网络时代(说明文)
生态旅行(记叙文)
卷Ⅲ
娱乐活动(应用文)
人物故事(记叙文)
异国风情(说明文)
大众传媒(夹叙夹议)
2015
卷Ⅰ
应用广告类(应用文)
人物故事类(记叙文)
社会文化类(说明文)
社会文化类(说明文)
卷Ⅱ
人物故事类(记叙文)
社会文化类(说明文)
社会文化类(议论文)
应用广告类(应用文)
　　2.设题类型及数量

细节理解题
推理判断题
词义猜测题
主旨大意题
文章出处题
2016
卷Ⅰ
5个
8个
1个
1个
0
卷Ⅱ
8个
4个
2个
1个
0
卷Ⅲ
8个
3个
2个
2个
0
2015
卷Ⅰ
9个
5个
1个
0
0
卷Ⅱ
9个
4个
1个
1个
0
[命题规律]
通过以上数据分析，2017年英语新课标全国卷阅读理解预计将继续以贴近生活的素材为命题源泉，体现对考纲中规定的六种基本能力的考查。但由于有更多的省份加入到新课标全国卷的队伍，各地教学水平参差不齐，在深层次的阅读理解，如对作者观点态度的推断及篇章的行文逻辑的考查会逐渐增多，但选文涉及的题材依然会很宽广，在掌握基本解题技巧的前提下，考生应多关注社会，关注生活，积累一定的背景知识。
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860—1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson(1907—1964)
If it weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor(1930—present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and，in 1981，the first woman to join the US Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks(1913—2005)
On December 1，1955，in Montgomery，Alabama，Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civil－rights movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in ，”said Parks.
21．What is Jane Addams noted for in history?
A．Her social work. B．Her teaching skills.
C．Her efforts to win a prize. D．Her community background.
22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?
A.Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women. D．The poor financial conditions.
23．Who made a great contribution to the civil－rights movement in the US?
A．Jane Addams.　　　 B．Rachel Carson.
C．Sandra Day O'Connor. D．Rosa Parks.
24．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A．They are highly educated. B．They are truly creative.
C．They are pioneers. D．They are peace－lovers.
B
Grandparents Answer a Call
As a third－generation native of Brownsville，Texas，Mildred Garza never planned to move away.Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children，she politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Garza finally say yes.That was four years ago.Today all three generations regard the move as a success，giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.
No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama's mother－in－law，Marian Robinson，has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study of ，83 percent of the people said Mrs Robinson's decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two－thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family.
“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own，”says Christine Crosby，publisher of Grand，a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them，especially when you're raising children.”
Moving is not for everyone.Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices，but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.Having your grandchildren far away is hard，especially knowing your adult child is struggling，but giving up the life you know may be harder.
25．Why was Garza's move a success?
A．It strengthened her family ties. B．It improved her living conditions.
C. It enabled her to make more friends. D. It helped her know more new places.
26．What was the reaction of the public to Mrs Robinson's decision?
A. 17% expressed their support for it. B. Few people responded sympathetically.
C．83% believed it had a bad influence. D．The majority thought it was a trend.
27．What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?
A．They were unsure of themselves. B．They were eager to raise more children.
C．They wanted to live away from their parents. D．They had little respect for their grandparents.
28．What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?
A．Make decisions in the best interests of their own. B．Ask their children to pay more visits to them.
C．Sacrifice for their struggling children. D．Get to know themselves better.
E
What's On?
Electric_Underground
7：30 pm—1：00 am　Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who's playing in your area? We're bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands.Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract (合同)? If so，come early to the talk at 7：30 pm by Jules Skye，a successful record producer.He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.
Gee Whizz
8：30 pm—10：30 pm　Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform.He's the funniest stand－up comedian on the comedy scene.This joyful show will please everyone，from the youngest to the oldest.Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7：00 pm for drinks and snacks (快餐)．
Simon's_Workshop
5：00 pm—7：30 pm　Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy.The workshop looks at every kind of comedy，and practices many different ways of making people laugh.Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy.His workshops are exciting and fun.An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.
Charlotte_Stone
8：00 pm—11：00 pm　Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out.Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best－selling CD，with James Pickering on the piano.The menu is Italian，with excellent meat and fresh fish，pizzas and pasta (面食)．Book early to get a table.Our bar is open all day，and serves cocktails，coffee，beer，and white wine.
1．Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?
A．Jules Skye.　　B．Gee Whizz. C．Charlotte Stone. D．James Pickering.
2．At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?
A．The Cyclops Theatre. B．Kaleidoscope. C．Victoria Stage. D．Pizza World.
3．What do we know about Simon's Workshop?
A．It requires membership status. B．It lasts three hours each time.
C．It is run by a comedy club. D．It is held every Wednesday.
4．When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?
A．5：00 pm—7：30 pm. B．7：30 pm—1：00 am.
C．8：00 pm—11：00 pm. D．8：30 pm—10：30 pm.
F
Five years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle，I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student，and said：“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes today—and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”
A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations.
Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect (感染) other students.
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside．I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare，“But I'm just not creative.”
“Do you dream at night when you're asleep？”
“Oh，sure.”
“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“That's pretty creative.Who does that for you？”
“Nobody.I do it.”
Really—at night，when you're asleep?
“Sure.”
“Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？”
5．The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ________．
A．know more about the students B．make the lessons more exciting
C．raise the students' interest in art D．teach the students about toy design
6．What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．He liked to help his teacher. B．He preferred to study alone.
C．He was active in class. D．He was imaginative.
7．What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Mistake. B．Drawback. C．Difficulty. D．Burden.
8．Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?
A．To help them to see their creativity. B．To find out about their sleeping habits.
C．To help them to improve their memory. D．To find out about their ways of thinking.
G
Reading can be a social activity.Think of the people who belong to book groups.They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them.Now，the website BookC turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.
Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share.BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place，hoping that the book will have an adventure，traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it．
Bruce Pederson，the managing director of BookCrossing，says，“The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read.BookCrossing combines both.”
Members leave books on park benches and buses，in train stations and coffee shops.Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it.E－mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found.Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.
BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual (虚拟)．The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty－five countries.
9．Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?
A．To explain what they are. B．To introduce BookCrossing.
C．To stress the importance of reading. D．To encourage readers to share their ideas.
10．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The book. 　B．An adventure. C．A public place. D.The identification number.
11．What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?
A．Meet other readers to discuss it. B．Keep it safe in his bookcase.
C．Pass it on to another reader. D．Mail it back to its owner.
12．What is the best title for the text?
A．Online Reading：A Virtual Tour B．Electronic Books：A New Trend
C．A Book Group Brings Tradition Back D．A Website Links People Through Books
H
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first－rate photo－journalism—if they had been made last week.In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难)，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Norwegian－built three－master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists，27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well－researched story The Endurance，adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the world's imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton，a onetime British merchant－navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published.
13．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?
A．They were made last week. B．They showed undersea sceneries.
C．They were found by a cameraman. D．They recorded a disastrous adventure.
14．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?
A．Frank Hurley. B．Ernest Shackleton.
C．Robert Falcon Scott. D．Caroline Alexander.
15．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A．Artistic creation. B．Scientific research. C．Money making. D.Treasure hunting.
人物故事类 A
On one of her trips to New York several years ago，Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes，another customer was approaching their table.
“Hey，aren't you from Mississippi？”