宾语从句讲义.doc

The Object Clause (宾语从句)

宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。
一、教学任务
复习宾语从句
二、重点和难点
1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句
2、直接引语和间接引语
3、宾语从句中时态的变化

由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
由连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which，what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾语从句
由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句

注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，
在口语当中往往省略
e.g.
1. I hear (that) _______________________. （一小时后他会回来）
2. He said (that) ______________________. （他非常想念我们）
3. The teacher told us (that) ___________________________.
（地球围着太阳转）
由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接
副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
He asked __________________________. (谁能回答这个问题）
2. Do you know_________________________. （他们在等谁）
3. He asked __________________________________.
（谁的书法是班上最好的）
※5. Do you know _______________.（地球和月亮，哪一个比较小）
6. Please tell me _______________________. （我们什么时候开会）
7. Can you tell me _______________. （他在哪儿）
8. Could you tell me ______________________. （我该怎么去车站）
9. Would you tell me _________________（为什么火车迟到了）
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句
e.g.
1. I want to know __________________________________.
（他是否跟我们一起去公园）
2. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能来）
3. I don’t know ___________________________.（是否要下雨）
当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.
直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系
陈述句变为引导的宾语从句
e.g.
1. He said, “You are younger than I ”.

2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”.

直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系
一般疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句
e.g.
1. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ”

1. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.

特殊疑问句变为who, what, when等引导的宾语从句
e.g.
1. He asked, “Where do you live?”

2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked.

注 意：

1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语
从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。
2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语
动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容
为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。
e.g.
The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.
1. The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2. The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
3. Tom says that they ____________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.
4. I hear they __________ (return) it already.
5. He said that they _________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
6. He asked what they __________ at eight last night. (do)
7. The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound. (travel)
8. I think you __________ about the relay race now. (talk)
9. I didn’t know whom the letters _________ from. (be)
10. I didn’t know what time he _______ the letter.
(write)
11. Miss Wang told me that the earth ______(move)
round the earth.
12. Could you tell me who _________ away the book
already? (take)
13. Ling Feng told me he _________ to several times. (be)
14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the
east. (rise)
15. Can you tell me what they ______ yesterday? (do)
将下列句子合并为一句:
1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked.

2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?

3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked.

4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said.

5. “I will come back.” Tom said.

6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.

7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked.

8. “How can I get to the station?”Could you tell me?

9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me?

10. “Where is Tom?” They asked