科普版小学英语五年级期中复习要点.doc

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小学英语五年级科普版

句子
一、 一般疑问句
以be动词（am、is、are），助动词（do、does、have），情态动词(can、may等)引导的问句是一般疑问句，要用yes（是）或no（否）来回答。
1、 Do you have a ruler?
Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.
2、 Does a computer have a keyboard?
Yes,it does./ (No,it doesn’t.)
3、 Can I use it?
Yes,you can./ Certainly,here you are./ OK./ Of course.(当然可以)
4、 Are you washing clothes?
Yes,I am. / No,I’m not.
5、 Is Dad helping you?
Yes,he is./ No,he isn’t.
二、 特殊疑问句
以特殊疑问词开头，对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问或进行发问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问词： wh-开头外加能与之结伴同行的名词； how及它的形容词兄弟姐妹们，即如： what， where， which，who，when，why， what class， what time； how，how many， how old， how much等。
1、 What are you doing?
I’m drawing.
2、 What is she doing?
She’s singing.
3、 Where is Eve?
She is in the classroom.
4、 Who is wearing yellow today?
Lucy.
5、 Why aren’t they swimming?
Oh,there is no water in the pool today.
6、 How are you doing,Eve?
Not well.
7、 How many cakes do you have?
Two .
三、 重要句子（需要背诵，知道意思，背写）
1、 Do you have a long ruler?
2、 It’s too short.
3、 I think she has one.
4、 What’s one from two?
5、 Let me show you.
6、 Here you are./ Here it is.
7、 It looks like a TV.
8、 Dose a TV have a mouse,too?
9、 I play with him every day.
10、 He has no legs.
11、 The letters are called E-mails.
12、 What are you drawing?
13、 It looks just like me.
14、 Pete asks for a pen.
15、 It doesn’t matter. Jim can’t read or write,either.
16、 Where are the boys in you class?
17、 They often do sports there.
18、 There is no water in the pool today.
19、 Ann is sitting at a desk.
20、 Come and have supper now.
21、 So I have to write slowly.
22、 Let’s eat it together.
23、 Let’s share it with him.
24、 I’m much better.
25、 How are you?
26、 Let’s go and see him.
短语
one from two二减一 want to想要 one of them他们中的一个
look like看起来像 play with和…一起玩 be called 叫做
write a letter to 给…写信can’t read or write既不会读也不会写
ask for索要 It doesn’t matter.没关系in the playground在操场上
play football 踢足球play basketball打篮球run a race 赛跑
sports centre 体育中心do sports做运动 watch TV 看电视
swimming pool游泳池wash clothes洗衣服go up a hill爬山
clean the window擦窗户do homework做作业wash face洗脸
sweep the floor扫地 go with和…一起去have breakfast吃早饭
have lunch吃午饭have supper吃晚饭 have dinner吃饭
have to不得不 share with和…一起分享not well不好
You’re welcome./Not at all.不客气

语法
一、 a与an，
一般地，在字母a、e、i、o、u前用an，其余用a。
an apple an eraser an idear
a book a banana a desk
二、 too与either，都是“也”的意思，too用在肯定句末尾，either用在否定句末尾。
I am a pupil,she is a pupil,too.
I am not a pupil,she isn’t a pupil,either.
三、 some与any
some与any都是表“一些”，some用在肯定句，否定、疑问就要用any.
She has some apples. 肯定句
She doesn’t have any apples. 否定句
Does she have any apples? 疑问句
四、 how many与how much
how many后跟可数名词复数，how much后跟不可数名词，另外how much后跟be动词，是在问价钱。
How many pens do you have? Three.
How much meat do you want? A pound.
How much are they? Five yuan.
五、 人称，be动词
人称代词

人称
主格
宾格
物主代词
be动词
（am，is，are）
形容性物主代词
名词性
物主代词
单
数
第一人称
I

my
mine

第二人称
you
you
your

第三人称
he
him

his

she

her
hers
it
it

its
复
数
第一人称

us
our
ours
are
第二人称
you
you
your

第三人称
they

their
theirs
我（I）用am，你（you）用are，is连着他（he）她（she）它（it），单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。
六、 动词的形式
1、 动词的第三人称单数
一般在词尾加s
look-looks read-reads say-says write-writes take-takes play-plays listen-listens talk-talks see-sees give-gives
以sh、ch、s、o、x结尾的加es
Wash-washes watch-watches do-does go-goes
以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加es
carry-carries cry-cries fly-flies study-studies
have的第三人称单数是has
2、 动词的现在分词
一般在词尾加ing
look-looking see-seeing watch-watching play-playing do-doing
read-reading draw-drawing listen-listening go-going say-saying
以不发音e结尾的，去e加ing
take-taking come-coming write-writing ride-riding make-making
dance-dancing
以“辅元辅”结尾的，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing
run-running swim-swimming sit-sitting shop-shopping get-getting stop-stopping
七、 名词的形式
1、 不可数名词有哪些？
water水 paper纸 meat大（猪）肉
beaf牛肉 fish鱼肉 milk牛奶 bread面包
2、 可数名词的复数
一般在词尾加s
book-books ruler-rulers pen-pens pig-pigs dog-dogs cat-cats
以s、z、x、sh、ch结尾的加es
bus-buses fox-foxes watch-watches flash-flashes box-boxes
以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加es
family-families story-stories 故事
不规则的一些特例
单复数一样的：fish deer sheep
以o结尾的：如果不是外来词或缩写，就加es
tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes bingo→bingoes
piano-pianos photo→photos zoo-zoos radio-radios
特例:man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth
child-children this-these that-those mouse-mice
八、 陈述句变一般疑问句
1、 人称变化：句首I 变you，you变I，句中my变your，your变my， me变you，you变me。be动词跟着人称变。
2、 有be，be提前；有情，情提前；无be无情，do、does放句首,其他动词统统用原形。
I am a pupil. → Are you a pupil?
Eve is washing clothes. →Is Eve washing clothes?
They are in the playground. → Are they in the playground?
I can swim. →Can you swim?
I can help you. →Can you help me.
He has a long ruler. →Does he have a long ruler?
九、 对划线部分提问
注意：人称变化同陈述句变一般疑问句的规则一样,划线部分在提问时坚决不能再用到，打死也不能用。
1、 对现在分词进行提问，套用“What+be+主语+doing？”
I am doing my homework. →What are you doing？（有人称的变化）
2、 对现在分词后面部分提问，套用“What+be+主语+现在分词？”
Eve is drawing a little girl. →What is Eve drawing？
3、 对地点方位进行提问，套用“Where+be+主语+其他”
I am here. →Where are you?
The boys in my class are in the playground. →
Where are the boys in your class?（有其他成分，有人称的变化）
4、对人物提问，只把划线部分改成Who.
十、 肯定句变否定句
人称不用变，and变成or，some变any，有be，be not；有情，情not；无be无情，主语后面放上don’t，doesn’t，其他动词统统用原形。
It’s a computer. → It isn’t a computer. (be not)
He can read and write. →He can’t read or write.(情not，and变成or)
Ted has some cakes. →Ted doesn’t have any cakes.（Ted后面放上doesn’t，has变原形，some变any）
十一、 同音词
right-write to-too-two no-know by-bye-buy there-their
for-four son-sun see-sea-c eye-I our-hour where-wear
meet-meat be-bee hi-high deer-dear are-r you-u why-y
十二、 反义词
long-short tall-short big-small new-old right-left outside-insiade fast-slow there-here this-that right-wrong good-bad white-black come-go up-down day-night in-out open-close stand-sit
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