托福讲义-10-托福写作-词汇与句型市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件.pptx

IBT写作之语言技巧词汇句型篇词汇句型篇1/124甩掉恶心词近义词替换1必须掌握同义词big篇：large adj.大tremendous adj.巨大，惊人massive adj.巨大enormous adj.巨大immeasurable adj.不可估量immense adj.巨大，无限titanic adj.巨大2/124近义词替换2必须掌握同义词small篇：minute adj.微小trivial adj.琐碎，微不足道unimportant adj.无关紧要insignificant adj.无关紧要negligible adj.能够忽略3/124近义词替换3必须掌握同义词many/much篇：numerous adj.众多plentiful adj.许多，大量，丰富considerable adj.a great multitude of 大量an overwhelming number of 数量上巨大a host of 一大群a wealth of 大量，丰富a myriad of 大量，无数4/124近义词替换4必须掌握同义词a few/a little篇：scarce adj.缺乏，不足sparse adj.缺乏，不足one or two 几个a couple of 几个a handful of 少许a spot of 一点点，少许a small quantity of 少许5/124近义词替换5必须掌握同义词great篇：distinguished adj.卓越glorious adj.辉煌，壮丽impressive adj.令人印象深刻prominent adj.显著，卓越magnificent adj.壮丽，宏伟remarkable adj.非凡，显著outstanding adj.出色6/124近义词替换6必须掌握同义词important篇：crucial adj.至关主要essential adj.主要leading adj.主要pivotal adj.关键principal adj.主要cardinal adj.首要，基本vital adj.关键7/124近义词替换7必须掌握同义词ability篇：capability n.综合能力competence n.胜任能力aptitude n.学习能力faculty n.能力genius n.天赋talent n.才能gift n.天赋8/124近义词替换8必须掌握同义词opinion篇：idea n.注意，看法attitude n.态度，看法outlook n.观点，看法perspective n.观点，想法notion n.看法belief n.信念point of view 看法9/124近义词替换9必须掌握同义词make篇：establish v.建立originate v.创始，开创produce v.制造，生产manufacture v.制造construct v.建设cause v.引发，使 发生forge v.塑造10/124近义词替换10必须掌握同义词get篇：gain v.取得earn v.赢得obtain v.取得，取得attain v.取得，得到acquire v.获取secure v.取得，把 弄到手procure v.取得11/124近义词替换11必须掌握同义词good篇：excellent adj.优异beneficial adj.有利valuable adj.有价值comfortable adj.舒适efficient adj.高效率convenient adj.方便healthy adj.健康12/124近义词替换12必须掌握同义词bad篇：evil adj.邪恶harmful adj.有害adverse adj.不利detrimental adj.有害disadvantageous adj.处于劣势，不利poisonous adj.有毒，有害awful adj.糟糕，糟透13/124上下义词1上义词hypernym:a word that is more generic than a given word下义词hyponym:a word that is more specific than a given word14/124上下义词21.丰富词汇量2.帮助拓展思绪15/124上下义词3studentpersonhuman beingpupilmiddle school studentundergraduate16/124上下义词4toolstablewarevehiclesinstrumentsspoonschopsticksforkscarsshipsplanesPercussion instrumentsorchestratruckstractorssedansSUVsMercedesBMWToyotaCameryCorollaCrown17/124上下义词5toolstablewarevehiclesinstrumentsspoonschopsticksforkscarsshipsplanestruckstractorssedansSUVsMercedesBMWToyotaCameryCorollaCrownPercussion instrumentsorchestra18/124上下义词6toolsvehiclescarssedansToyotaCrown上义词到下义词演化过程19/124上下义词7toolsvehiclescarssedansToyotaCrown主题句主题句分论点分论点支持分论支持分论点细节点细节20/124上下义词8peoplerelativesteachersclassmatescolleaguesparentsbrotherssistersunclesauntssupervisorssubordinatesmaternal unclespaternal uncleselderly paternal unclesyounger paternal uncles21/124上下义词9peoplerelativesteachersclassmatescolleaguesparentsbrotherssistersunclesauntssupervisorssubordinatesmaternal unclespaternal uncleselder paternal unclesyounger paternal uncles22/124上下义词11peoplerelativesunclespaternal unclesyounger paternal uncles主题句主题句分论点分论点支持分论点支持分论点细节细节23/124上下义词12 People are delighted to talk about their relatives.As for me,I will definitely mention my uncle Luis whenever the name fits the topic of a conversation.He is my fathers younger brother,tightly-closed to my family by dropping in on my house every weekend.As he is sturdy,grey-haired,sparsely-bearded,and freckled,my neighbors always laugh at him.But he never gets angry;instead,he smiles happily when hearing the rumors and derisive words against him.Such an affable character makes him the hero of my daily conservation.24/124上下义词13 People are delighted to talk about their relatives.As for me,I will definitely mention my uncle Luis whenever the name fits the topic of a conversation.He is my fathers younger brother,tightly-closed to my family by dropping in at my house every weekend.As he is sturdy,grey-haired,sparsely-bearded,and freckled,the neighbors always laugh at him.But he never gets angry;instead,he smiles happily when hearing the rumors and derisive words against him.Such an affable character makes him the hero of my daily conservation.25/124各类修饰成份前置定状语后置定状语同位语插入语26/124前置定状语1名词名词名词名词college studentservice counteryouth hostel27/124前置定状语2形容词形容词名词或代词名词或代词financial crisisthe most striking one28/124前置定状语3副词副词动词、形容词、副词、句子动词、形容词、副词、句子The advent of Internet radically change peoples lives.This is a quite amazing pictureAdditionally,youngsters play hockey well.I close the door terribly hard.29/124前置定状语4假如你放了我，我会感激你。I will appreciate it if you set me free.I will sincerely appreciate it if you set me free.I will sincerely/wholeheartedly/cordially appreciate it if you totally/thoroughly set me free.I will sincerely appreciate it if you totally set me free.30/124前置定状语5这栋大楼超出我想象。This building is beyond my imagination.This tall building is beyond my imagination.This tall/huge/gigantic/fantastic/marvelous gorgeous/miraculous/magnificent building is beyond my imagination.31/124前置定状语6This tall and even huge building is beyond my wildest imagination.这栋大楼超出我想象。This fantastic and even gorgeous building is beyond my wildest imagination.This fantastically gorgeous building is beyond my wildest imagination.32/124前置定状语7必须采取一些办法来改变现实状况。Measures must be taken to change the current situation.Good/effective/efficient/practical/drastic measures must be taken to change the current situation.33/124前置定状语8必须采取一些办法来改变现实状况。Measures must be taken to change the current situation.Practical and effective measures must be taken to change the tragic/awful/deplorable current situation.34/124后置定状语1什么是长定语和长状语？包含有主动结构主动结构或动宾结构动宾结构定语和状语分别被称为长定语和长状语35/124后置定状语2一位脸上长满雀斑老太太做豆腐老太太做豆腐老太太做老太太做豆腐一位脸上长满雀斑老太太一位脸上长满雀斑长满雀斑老太太36/124后置定状语3一位脸上长满雀斑老太太做豆腐37/124后置定状语4一位脸上长满雀斑老太太做豆腐The tofu38/124后置定状语5一位脸上长满雀斑老太太做豆腐The tofu made by an old lady39/124后置定状语5一位脸上长满雀斑老太太做豆腐The tofu made by an old lady with freckles40/124后置定状语5一位脸上长满雀斑老太太做豆腐The tofu made by an old lady with freckles on her entire face41/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。在看阿凡达他在看看阿凡达阿凡达他42/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。43/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him.44/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner.45/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar.46/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301.47/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301 on the third floor.48/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301 on the third floor of the newly-opened library.49/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301 on the third floor of the newly-opened library in the southwestern district.50/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301 on the third floor of the newly-opened library in the southwestern district of the new campus.51/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301 on the third floor of the newly-opened library in the southwestern district of the new campus of New Oriental University.52/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301 on the third floor of the newly-opened library in the southwestern district of the new campus of New Oriental University located five kilometers away from the central park.53/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him(to)sit at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301 on the third floor of the newly-opened library in the southwestern district of the new campus of New Oriental University located five kilometers away from the central park in the largest city.54/124后置定状语6我在中国最大沿海城市中心公园五公里外新东方大学新校园西南区域新落成图书馆三楼301教室发觉了蹲在角落看阿凡达他。I find him sitting at the corner watching Avatar in Room 301 on the third floor of the newly-opened library in the southwestern district of the new campus of New Oriental University located five kilometers away from the central park in the largest city along the coastal line of China.55/124逻辑性和连贯性1 我家门前有条河，臭了快要10年。每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且要屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。56/124逻辑性和连贯性2我家门前有条河，臭了快要10年。There is a river in front of my house.There is a river near my house.There is a river neighboring my house.The river has been smelly for almost 10 years.57/124逻辑性和连贯性3每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。58/124逻辑性和连贯性3每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。I have to walk faster.59/124逻辑性和连贯性3每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。I have to walk faster and hold my breath.60/124逻辑性和连贯性3每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。I have to walk faster and hold my breath in case that my lung should be infected.61/124逻辑性和连贯性3每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。Every time I pass along the river,I have to walk faster and hold my breath in case that my lung should be infected.62/124逻辑性和连贯性3每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。Every time passing along the river,I have to walk faster and hold my breath in case that my lung should be infected.63/124逻辑性和连贯性4最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。64/124逻辑性和连贯性4最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。Recently,I surprisingly find that 65/124逻辑性和连贯性4最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。Recently,to my surprise,66/124逻辑性和连贯性4最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。Recently,to my surprise,fish can be spotted in the river.67/124逻辑性和连贯性4最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。Recently,to my surprise,bumping fish can be spotted in the river.68/124逻辑性和连贯性4最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。To my surprise,bumping fish can be spotted in the river now.69/124逻辑性和连贯性5爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。70/124逻辑性和连贯性5爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。My parents tell me that 71/124逻辑性和连贯性5爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。My parents tell me that the government has been 72/124逻辑性和连贯性5爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。My parents tell me that the government has been cleaning/purifying the water in it since the last week.73/124逻辑性和连贯性6 我家门前有条河，臭了快要10年。每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且要屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。74/124逻辑性和连贯性6 我家门前有条臭了快要臭了快要10年河年河。每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且要屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。75/124逻辑性和连贯性6 我家门前有条臭了快要臭了快要10年河年河。所以，所以，每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且要屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。76/124逻辑性和连贯性6 我家门前有条臭了快要臭了快要10年河年河。所以，所以，每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且要屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。然而，然而，最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。77/124逻辑性和连贯性6 我家门前有条臭了快要臭了快要10年河年河。所以，所以，每次经过这条河，我都不得不加紧步伐而且要屏住呼吸，以免肺部受到感染。然而，然而，最近我惊奇地发觉河里竟有活蹦乱跳鱼了。以后，以后，爸妈告诉我政府从上周就开始治理这条河了。78/124逻辑性和连贯性7There is a river near my house.The river has been smelly for almost 10 years.As a result,every time passing along the river,I have to walk faster and hold my breath in case that my lung should be infected.To my surprise,however,bumping fishes can be spotted in the river now.Later,my parents tell me that the government has been cleaning the water in it since the last week.79/124逻辑性和连贯性8There is a river near my house.The river has been smelly for almost 10 years.80/124逻辑性和连贯性8There is a river near my house which has been smelly for almost 10 years.There is a river which has been smelly for almost 10 years near my house.There is a river,which has been smelly for almost 10 years,near my house.Near my house is a river which has been smelly for almost 10 years.81/124逻辑性和连贯性9夜深了，我回到家，发觉大门已经关了。我悄悄翻过墙，进入院子，生怕吵醒父母。82/124逻辑性和连贯性10Late at night,I came back home,only to find the gate closed.As a result,I quietly climbed over the wall into the yard,for fearing/in case that my parents should be woken.83/124句型变换丰富句型受rater和考官青睐84/124A对B很主要1句型一：A is important to B.A is quite/extremely/excessively/enormously important to B.A is quite/extremely/excessively/enormously important/significant/essential/cardinal/vital to B.85/124A对B很主要2犯错误对人成长至关主要。犯错误犯错误对人成长人成长至关主要。ABMaking mistakes is of enormous importance to ones growing up.Making mistakes is excessively important to ones growing up.86/124A对B很主要3句型二：A is of importance to B.A is of great/enormous/remarkable/excessive/vital importance to B.说真话对一个人心理健康有好处。To tell the truth is of remarkable importance to ones psychological health.87/124A对B很主要4句型三：A plays an important part/role in B.智能软件在多媒体教学中发挥着主要作用。A plays a/an important/significant/pivotal/essential part/role in B.Intelligent software play a pivotal role in multimedia teaching.88/124A对B很主要5句型四：The importance of A to B can never be exaggerated/denied/ignored/doubted.从海外进口蔬菜和水果刺激本国农业发展。The importance of importing vegetables and fruits to the local agricultural development.89/124A对B很主要6句型五：A means a lot/a great deal/much to B.体育锻炼有利于身心健康。Physical exercises mean a lot to sound bodies and minds.90/124A对B很主要7句型六：B cannot live/develop/grow/survive without A.Friendship cannot develop without contacting each other at a regular basis.时常联络才能使情谊更长久。91/124A对B很主要8句型七：A is everything/the whole world to B.As for many merchants,handsome profits are everything to the survival of their companies.对于大部分商人来说，丰厚利润是企业生存全部。92/124A对B很主要9句型八：A paves the way for B.独立思索有利于个人成功。Independent thinking paves the way for personal success.93/124A对B很主要10句型九：A is the instrument of B.Receiving the higher education is the instrument of gaining satisfying salaries in the future.接收高等教育是未来取得高薪主要首段。94/124A对B很主要11句型十：A matters/counts to B.The programs of TV shopping count to the popularization of products.电视购物节目对于推广产品来说至关主要。95/124A对B很主要12句型十一：Nothing is more important to B than A.旅游能够丰富人生阅历。没有什么比旅游旅游更加好方式用来丰富人生丰富人生阅历阅历了。Nothing is more important to enriching ones experience than traveling.96/124A对B很主要13句型十二：Nothing is the match of A to B.Nothing is the match of looking into the distance to relieving visual fatigue.再也没有什么比眺望远处和缓解视觉疲劳更加好完美组合了。97/124A对B很主要14句型十三：A is to B what the foundation is to a skyscraper/water is to fish/the heart is to a human.Vocabulary and pronunciation are to a language what the foundation is to a skyscraper.词汇和发音是语言基石。98/124A对B不利1句型一：A is harmful to B.A is extremely/excessively/potentially/particularly harmful to B.吸烟吸烟有害健康健康。Smoking is extremely harmful to peoples health.A is extremely/excessively/potentially/particularly harmful/detrimental/poisonous/evil to B.99/124A对B不利2句型二：A is the barrier/obstacle of B.封建迷信思想妨碍社会进步。Feudal and superstitious thoughts are the barrier of the social development.100/124A对B不利3句型三：A blocks the way for B.Excessive concentration on test results blocks the way for acquiring practical knowledge and learning effective methods.过分关注考试成绩将妨碍学生们学切实有效知识和方法。101/124A对B不利4句型四：A harm the chances for/reduce the possibilities of/kill the opportunities to B.固执己见固执己见不利于组织集体活动组织集体活动。Stubbornness harms the chances for organizing group activities.102/124A对B不利5句型五：A serves as a poor guide to B.Inertia serves as a poor guide to personal career development.不思进取妨碍个人发展。103/124A对B不利6句型六：A prevents B from increasing/developing/making progress/booming/advancing.A stingy guy prevents him from making more friends.小气之人交不到很多朋友。104/124句型变换之强调句1It is 被强调部分 that(who)原句剩下部分105/124句型变换之强调句2It is in the family