五年级小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧.doc

部编五年级小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案.同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.”“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”()(1).Who is Sam?A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.()(2) Whats the Chinese for “dirty”?A. Its “ 脏的“. B Its “干净的” C Its “坏的 “ D Its “好的”()(3) Whats on Sams face and mouth?A Eggs. B SoapC Water D Bread()(4) Which of these is not wrong?A Sam doesnt wash his face and hands every day.B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.C Sam doesnt like eggs at all.D. Sam doesnt know his uncle.2.Hen(母鸡): There is some rice here. Eat it like this,my children.Chickens: Like this, Mother?Hen: Yes,thats right, good.Eagle(鹰): There are some chickens here. I want to eat them.Hen: Dont worry, my children . Let me do with it.Eagle:Can you let me eat some chickens,Mrs.Hen?Hen:No, you cant. There is a hunter(猎人)near here.Eagle: I must go now.Hen: Lets go home, my children.Chickens: All right.()(1) The chicken likes to eat the _.A henB riceC chickenD his children()(2) The hen _look after her children.A canB cant C is D isnt()(3)_saves the chickens.A The hunter.B The henC The eagleD A man()(4)The eagle cant eat_ at last.A the chickensB go. C the hunterD the hen（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按总-分-总这一思路来写的。因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，解题时要带着问题读查短文分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。二、阅读理解2阅读理解根据短文内容选择合适的选项 A farmer is walking in the forest. He is very tired. So he has a nap under a tree. One of his shoes is beside him. A monkey is picking up his shoe and climbing up the tree. The farmer wakes up, he is shouting, Give it back to me. The monkey is shouting, too. It is imitating (模仿)the farmer. The farmer thinks, and then he has an idea. He is taking off his another shoe and throwing it away. Whats the monkey doing? Yes! He is throwing the shoe, too. Now the farmer is picking up his two shoes quickly. He is laughing and singing, What a naughty monkey! What a silly monkey! What a funny monkey!（1）The farmer is sleeping. One of his shoes is _. A.in his handB.beside him（2）The farmer is sleeping. The monkey is _. A.taking away his shoeB.sleeping（3）The farmer is shouting. The monkey is _. A.drinkingB.shouting（4）The farmer is throwing away his shoe. The monkey is _. A.laughingB.throwing away the shoe（5）Is the monkey clever? A.No, it isnt.B.Yes, it is【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）B（4）B（5）A 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了一个农民正在森林里散步，很累，在树下打了个盹，他把一只鞋放在旁边。一只猴子捡走了鞋子，农夫醒了大喊，猴子也在叫喊，农民脱下另一只鞋并扔掉，猴子也扔鞋子。农民很快就把他的两只鞋捡起来了。 （1）根据 So he has a nap under a tree. One of his shoes is beside him. 可知农夫正在睡觉。他的一只鞋在他旁边。故答案为B. （2）根据 A monkey is picking up his shoe and climbing up the tree. 可知农夫正在睡觉。猴子正在拿走他的鞋子。故答案为A. （3）根据 The farmer wakes up, he is shouting, Give it back to me. The monkey is shouting, too. 可知农夫在喊。猴子在喊。故答案为B. （4）根据 He is taking off his another shoe and throwing it away. Whats the monkey doing? Yes! He is throwing the shoe, too. 可知农夫正在扔掉他的鞋子。猴子正在扔掉鞋子。故答案为B. （5）句意：孩子聪明吗？根据 What a naughty monkey! What a silly monkey! What a funny monkey! 可知是否定回答。故答案为A. 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。 3阅读理解阅读理解 How does a plant grow? Look at the pot plant. It looks very nice.It has leaves, a stalk and some red flowers. How does it grow? First you planta seed in the soil. You give it a little water. The weather is nice and warm.After about a week, you will see one small leaf coming out of the seed. Then twoleaves come out. It grows and grows. It needs sunlight and water. Soon it has astalk and more leaves. The leaves are green. Some leaves are long; some areround. They have different shapes. When the stalk and leaves are big enough,flowers come out. You can find red flowers, yellow flowers and flowers of othercolors. Its interesting to watch a plant grow. Do you grow like a plant?（1）You need a_to plant a plant. （2）You plant the seed inthe_and you give it some _. （3）When a plant grows, itneeds_and_. （4）The flowers are ofdifferent _. （5）The leaves are ofdifferent_. 【答案】（1）seed（2）soil；water（3）sunlight；water（4）colors（5）shapes 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了植物是怎样生长的。（1）句意：你需要一粒来种一棵植物。根据First you plant a seed in the soil.可知首先你要在土里种一粒种子，seed种子，故答案为seed.（2）句意：你把种子种在里，然后给它浇。根据First you plant a seed in the soil. You give it a little water. 可知需要把种子种在土里，然后浇水， soil土 ， water水 ，故答案为 soil ， water .（3）句意：植物生长需要和。根据 It grows and grows. It needs sunlight and water. 可知植物生长需要阳光和水， sunlight阳光 ， water水 ，故答案为 sunlight ， water .（4）句意：这些花有不同的。根据You can find red flowers, yellow flowers and flowers of other colors.可知花有不同的颜色， color颜色，复数colors，故答案为 colors .（5）句意：叶子形状不同。根据They have different shapes.可知叶子有不同的形状， shape形状，复数shapes ，故答案为 shapes .【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息写出恰当的单词填空。4阅读理解阅读对话，判断正误。 Cindy: Hi! Im Cindy. Im in the USA. Its seven. Im having my breakfast. I have an apple pie, an egg and some bread. The orange juice and the banana are my favorite. Kate: Hi! Im Kate. In Japan(日本), I often have rice and soup for breakfast. And I love fish best. After breakfast, I often drink tea. （1）Cindy is in China. （2）Cindys favorite drink is orange juice. （3）Cindy has breakfast at seven. （4）Kate often has noodles and fish for breakfast. （5）Fish is Kates favorite food. 【答案】 （1）0（2）1（3）1（4）0（5）1 【解析】【分析】大意：辛迪和凯特谈论有关日常生活的事情，最喜欢的食物。 （1）句意：辛迪在中国。根据 Im Cindy. Im in the USA. 可知辛迪在美国。故答案为错误。 （2）句意：辛迪最喜欢的饮料是橙汁。根据 The orange juice and the banana are my favorite. 可知辛迪最喜欢的饮料是橙汁。故答案为正确。 （3）句意：辛迪七点钟吃早饭。根据 Its seven. Im having my breakfast. 可知辛迪七点钟吃早饭。故答案为正确。 （4）句意：凯特早餐经常吃面条和鱼。根据 I often have rice and soup for breakfast. 可知凯特早餐经常吃米饭和汤。故答案为错误。 （5）句意：鱼是凯特最喜欢的食物。根据 I love fish best. 可知鱼是凯特最喜欢的食物。故答案为正确。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 5阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子是否正确。 This is Sarahs new home. There is a clock in the study. There is a plant in the living room. There is a water bottle in the kitchen. There is a big bed, a photo and a lamp in the bedroom. Look, the cat is on the bed now.（1）The lamp is in the living room. （2）There is a clock in the study. （3）There is a water bottle in the kitchen. （4）There is a photo in the study. 【答案】 （1）0（2）1（3）1（4）0 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了莎拉的新家的样子。 （1）句意：灯在客厅里。根据There is a big bed, a photo and a lamp in the bedroom. 可知灯在卧室里。故答案为错误。 （2）句意：书房里有一个钟。根据 There is a clock in the study. 可知书房里有一个钟。故答案为正确。 （3）句意：厨房里有一个水瓶。根据 here is a water bottle in the kitchen. 可知厨房里有一个水瓶。故答案为正确。 （4）句意：书房里有一张照片。根据 There is a big bed, a photo and a lamp in the bedroom. 可知卧室里有一张照片。故答案为错误。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 6阅读理解读表格里的内容，选择正确的答案。 NameHobbyTomI love all the computer games and I play them every day. I also play computer games with my friends at the weekend.JackI like basketball very much. I watch NBA games on Sundays. Im a basketball player on our school team.JimMy hobby is singing songs and Im good at it. I write songs at home and sing songs at school. My classmates love my songs very much.TonyI speak good English. I study it every night. I hope I can be an English teacher.（1）_ likes playing computer games. A.TomB.TonyC.Jim（2） is a basketball player at school. A.JackB.TonyC.Jim（3）Jims hobby is _. A.playing basketballB.singing songsC.speaking English（4）Jim sings songs _. A.at homeB.at schoolC.in the music room（5）Tony studies English _. A.every morningB.every afternoonC.every night【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）B（4）B（5）C 【解析】【分析】大意：表格里是汤姆，杰克，吉姆和托尼的爱好。 （1）根据 I love all the computer games and I play them every day. I also play computer games with my friends at the weekend. 可知汤姆喜欢玩电脑游戏。故答案为A. （2）根据 Im a basketball player on our school team. 可知杰克是我们校队的篮球队员。故答案为A. （3）根据 My hobby is singing songs and Im good at it. 可知吉姆的爱好是唱歌。故答案为B. （4）根据 I write songs at home and sing songs at school. 可知吉姆在学校唱歌。故答案为B. （5）根据 I speak good English. I study it every night. 可知托尼每晚学习英语。故答案为C. 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。