山东省青岛市2020年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2020年青岛市初中学业水平考试英语试题(考试时间：100分钟；满分：90分)说明：1. 本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷两部分，共六大题。第I卷包含单项选择、完形填空和阅读理解，共40小题；第II卷包含词汇运用A、B，阅读表达A、B和书面表达。2. 所有题目均在【点答题卡】上作答，在试题上作答无效。第I卷I. 单项选择从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。1.What _ unusual school trip we had! I will never forget it.A. aB. anC. theD. /【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们的学校旅行多么不寻常！我永远不会忘。考查冠词。a不定冠词，表达泛指，用在辅音音素开始的单词前；an不定冠词，表达泛指，用在元音音素开始的单词前；the定冠词，表达特指。此处是感叹句“what+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词”，unusual是辅音音素开始的单词，前用不定冠词an。故选B。2.Youd better not hang out after school _ telling your parents. They may worry about you.A. byB. withC. withoutD. after【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：在没有告知你父母的情况下，你最好不要放学以后闲逛，他们可能会担心你。考查介词辨析。by通过；with有；without没有；after在之后。根据题干中“They may worry about you.”讲到父母可能会担心你，由此推出要用一个表示否定含义的介词，表示“没有告知父母”，用without符合题意。故选C。3.Li Lei didnt play computer games last weekend. _, he worked as a volunteer in an old peoples home.A. InsteadB. CertainlyC. ThoughD. Gradually【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：李雷上周末没有玩电脑游戏。相反，他在一家养老院做志愿者。考查副词辨析。Instead相反地；Certainly当然；Though然而；尽管；Gradually逐渐地。根据句意可知，李雷没有玩游戏，而是去当志愿者，空后表示与前面相反的事情，因此Instead符合语境，故选A。4.Please remember to _ the electricity and water before you leave the laboratory.A. take offB. shut offC. go offD. put off【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：请记得在离开实验室前关掉电源和水。考查动词短语。take off起飞，脱掉；shut off关掉；go off失去对的兴趣，爆炸;put off推迟。根据“the electricity and water”可知此处表达“关掉电源和水”，用动词短语shut off。故选B。5.Is this hat _?No, the red one is _.A. Lucys; herB. Lucy; herC. Lucys; hersD. Lucy; hers【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：这顶帽子是露西的吗？不是，红色的是她的。考查所有格和代词用法。Lucy露西，人名；Lucys露西的，-s所有格；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。问句中空格后没有名词，故应用-s所有格表示所有关系，即露西的帽子；答语空格后没有名词，故应用名词性物主代词hers代指her hat。故选C。6.Teachers expect all their students _ progress day by day.A. to makeB. makeC. to takeD. take【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：老师们希望所有的学生天天进步。考查非谓语动词和动词短语辨析。to make获得，动词不定式；make获得，动词原形；to take拿走，动词不定式；take拿走，动词原形。固定搭配：expect sb to do sth“希望某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语；make progress“取得进步”，所以空格处填to make。故选A。7.In Chinese families, people wont start dinner _ the elders take their seats.A. afterB. whenC. becauseD. until【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：在中国家庭里，人们直到老人们坐下才开始吃饭。考查连词。after在之后；when在时候；because因为；until直到。根据“wont start dinner”可知句子使用“notuntil”的结构，此处表示“直到老人们坐下才开始吃饭”，用until。故选D。8.My People, My Country is _ movie Ive ever seen.A. more educationalB. the most educationalC. educationalD. less educational【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我和我的祖国是我看过的最有教育意义的电影。考查形容词最高级。more educational更有教育性的；the most educational最有教育意义的；educational有教育性的；less educational更少教育性的。根据“Ive ever seen”我见过的，表达的是最高级的意义，用educational的最高级变化the most educational。故选B。9.Allen, shall we go to the bookstore this afternoon? Im sorry, David, but I _ meet my cousin at the train station.A. have toB. canC. mayD. could【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：艾伦，我们今天下午去书店么？大卫，不好意思，但是我不得不去火车站接我的表弟。考查情态动词。have to不得不；can能；may可能；could是can的过去式，能。根据“meet my cousin at the train station”可知此处表达的是“不得不”，用have to。故选A。10. Lily, could you tell me _?About ten minutes.A. how far is it from your home to schoolB. how far it is from your home to schoolC. how long does it take you to walk to schoolD. how long it takes you to walk to school【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：莉莉，你能告诉我从你家到学校要花多长时间么？大约十分钟。考查宾语从句。how far多远（距离）；how long多长时间。tell me后是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序（主语+谓语动词），A和C语序错误。根据“About ten minutes”表达一段时间“大约十分钟”，可知宾语从句用how long。故选D。II. 完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。My life was perfect when I was twelve years old. I had a big family, _11_ my sister, Chrissy, and a little brother, Patrick, whom I loved greatly. Spring was coming, and I was _12_ about another summer with Grandma. She and I had great fun together last summer. She was retiring (退休) this year, _13_ that meant more time with her. Then, on April 11, 2017, at 10:00 P.M., we were all going to bed when the phone rang. My uncle was _14_ to say that Grandpa had just taken Grandma to the hospital.The next morning I was told that Grandma was gone due to a heart disease. I tried to be strong but even my father _15_. I hadnt even said goodbye to her. I couldnt control my _16_ anymore and began to cry loudly. It finally hit me: She was gone _17_. All she had left me were _18_ in the garden the hours we spent planting flowers and taking care of _19_. I believe that my grandma is a star watching over me, and she would have wanted me to be _20_ and happy like her, even though there are bad times. My family and friends love me for who I am and support me for what I do, as I know my grandma would, too.11. A. besidesB. includingC. exceptD. beside12. A. worriedB. excitedC. movedD. surprised13. A. butB. whileC. soD. or14. A. callingB. visitingC. helpingD. writing15. A. shoutedB. spokeC. talkedD. cried16. A. thoughtsB. wordsC. ideasD. feelings17. A. everB. foreverC. alwaysD. sometimes18. A. instructionsB. suggestionsC. memoriesD. experiments19. A. themB. herC. itD. us20. A. weakB. carefulC. politeD. strong【答案】11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D【解析】文章大意：本文主要讲作者12岁那年期待着和奶奶一起度过另一个暑假，但奶奶却突然逝世了，留给作者的只有回忆，但作者坚信奶奶一直在守护和支持着自己。【11题详解】句意：我有一个大家庭，包括妹妹克丽丝和我深爱的小弟弟帕特里克。besides除了之外（还有）；including包括；except除去之外；beside在旁边。前文说“我有一个大家庭，后面是具体家庭成员，所以此处用including（包括）。故选B。【12题详解】句意：春天来了，我很期待和奶奶一起过另一个夏天。worried担心的；excited兴奋的；moved感动的；surprised惊讶的。根据后文去年夏天我们玩的很开心，可知我对即将到来的夏天很兴奋，用be excited about。故选B。【13题详解】句意：她今年就要退休了，那意味着有更多的时间和她在一起。but但是；while然而；so因此；or否则。“那意味着有更多的时间和她在一起”是“她今年就要退休了”的结果，前因后果，用so符合题意。故选C。【14题详解】句意：我叔叔打电话来说我爷爷刚刚送奶奶去了医院。calling打电话；visiting拜访；helping帮助；writing写。前文“电话响，所以后面一定是用calling（打电话）。故选A。【15题详解】句意：我试着坚强起来，但连我父亲都哭了。shouted大喊；spoke说；talked谈话；cried哭。根据上文“The next morning I was told that Grandma was gone due to a heart disease. ”可知奶奶去世了，由此可推出爸爸是哭了，用cried符合题意。故选D。【16题详解】句意：我再也无法控制自己的情感，开始大声哭起来。thoughts想法；words单词；ideas想法；feelings情感。根据题干中“began to cry loudly”讲开始大哭，可推出是无法控制自己的情感，用feelings符合题意。故选D。【17题详解】句意：我终于意识到：她永远地离开了。ever曾经；forever永远；always总是；sometimes有时。根据上文“The next morning I was told that Grandma was gone due to a heart disease.”可知奶奶去世了，应是永远离开了，用forever符合题意。故选B。【18题详解】句意：她留给我的只有在花园里的回忆我们花时间种花并照顾它们。instructions说明；suggestions建议；memories记忆；experiments试验。根据题干中“the hours we spent planting flowers and taking care of _”可知这里在说和奶奶一起的回忆，用memories符合题意。故选C。【19题详解】句意：她留给我的只有在花园里的回忆我们花时间种花并照顾它们。them它们；her她的；it它；us我们。根据题干中“the hours we spent planting flowers”可知是说照顾作者和奶奶种的花，用them指代flowers。故选A。【20题详解】句意：我相信我的奶奶就像一颗守护着我的星星，她希望我像她一样坚强和快乐，即使有不好的时候。weak弱的；careful仔细的；polite礼貌的；strong坚强的。根据题干中“even though there are bad times”可推出此处是说奶奶希望自己即使在不好的时候，也要像她一样坚强和快乐，用strong符合题意。故选D。III. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，做出正误判断或选出最佳选项。A篇为判断正(A)误(B)题，B、C篇为选择题，D篇为六选五补全短文。AChina National Film Museum9 Nanying Road, Chaoyang District, BeijingTel: [phone]Open: 9:00-16:30 except Mon. www. cnfm. org. cnGift shop with legitimate DVDs/ cafeteria/snack shops (popcorn for movie viewing)Forbidden City and the Palace Museum4 Jiangshanqian Street, Dongcheng District, BeijingTel: [phone]/7420Open: 8:30-17:00, Apr. 1-Oct. 31;8:30-16:30, Nov. 1- Mar. 31Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1-Aug. 31)www. dpm. org. cnGift shop/ book shop/ museum guide available/restaurant/ coffee shop/shops and cafesNational Art Museum of China1 Wusida Street, Dongcheng District, BeijingTel: [phone]Open: 9:00-17:00 last entry 16:00www. namoc. orgCafeteria at the back of the buildingNational Museum of China16 East Changan Street, Dongcheng District, BeijingTel: [phone]Open: 9:00-17:00 except Mon., ticket box closed at 15:30www. chnmuseum. cnGift shop/audio guide21. You can visit the China National Film Museum on Tuesday.22. If you want to learn more about films, you can call [phone].23. You can visit the Forbidden City and the Palace Museum on Monday in summer vacation.24. You can enter the National Museum of China at 17:30.25. The four museums are in the same district of Beijing.【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. B【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章用表格介绍了四个博物馆的广告。【21题详解】题意：你可以周二参观中国国家电影博物馆。细节理解题。根据“Open: 9:00-16:30 except Mon.”可知除了周一都可以去，句子表述正确。故答案为A。【22题详解】题意：如果你想知道更多关于电影的事，可以打电话[phone]。细节理解题。根据“China National Film MuseumTel: [phone]”可知要打电话[phone]。句子表述错误。故答案为B。【23题详解】题意：你可以在暑假的周一参观紫禁城和故宫。细节理解题。根据“Open: 8:30-17:00, Apr. 1-Oct. 31;8:30-16:30, Nov. 1- Mar. 31Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1-Aug. 31)”可知平时周一是闭馆的，但是除公共假期和暑假外，因此暑假周一是能参观的。句子表述正确。故答案为A。【24题详解】题意：你可以在下午五点半进入中国国家博物馆。细节理解题。根据“Open: 9:00-17:00 except Mon., ticket box closed at 15:30”可知下午五点半售票处就关闭了，句子表述错误。故答案为B。【25题详解】题意：这四个博物馆都在北京相同的区域。细节理解题。根据“ Chaoyang District, Beijing”可知中国国家电影博物馆在北京朝阳区；根据“Dongcheng District, Beijing” 可知紫禁城和故宫、中国国家艺术博物馆以及中国国家博物馆都在北京东城区。句子表述错误。故答案为B。B Wild beavers (河狸) are back! Experts say that the wild beaver families are doing well. The beavers are even boosting wildlife and the environment!Over ten years ago, a family of beavers turned up in a part of the river Otter, in Devon. No one knew exactly where they came from. It was a big surprise, wild beavers hadnt lived in England for around 400 years!In 2015, the government allowed the beavers to stay there as part of a trial (试验). They wanted to see if these animals could be reintroduced to the wild. The trial ends in February. Some scientists from the University of Exeter already say the beavers help the wildlife in the area. One scientist called it an amazing story. A lot of this is because of dams. Beavers build dams along the river. This creates deep pools in the riverbed and slows the water down. Scientists say this is perfect for many different types of plants and animals! Many plants are growing near the beavers. Different types of animals are also becoming more and more in the river. Beavers also help make flooding less, scientists say. The beavers dams slow down the speed of the river, especially after heavy rain. There are, however, some problems. Beavers gnaw (咬,啃)on trees and this can harm them. Their dams can also sometimes create floods (洪水) on peoples land. Beavers arent the only animals that are being reintroduced to the wild! In 2019, red squirrels were brought back to an area of the Scottish Highlands. Further away, the worlds rarest (罕见的) duck, the Madagascar pochard, is making a comeback. It was set free into the wild on the African island in 2019 and is doing well. Who knows what other animals might be making a comeback?26. Which of the following best explains boosting in paragraph 1?A. buildingB. spreadingC. helpingD. creating27. Why did the government want a trial first? Because they wanted to _.A. grow more plants along the riverB. build dams for the beavers in the wildC. introduce the beavers to the wildD. see if the beavers could be reintroduced to the wild28. What are the good things about wild beavers living on the river Otter?A. They help plants grow and make flooding less.B. They bring heavy rain and floods.C. They gnaw on trees and harm them.D. Their dams create floods on peoples land.29. How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the news story which have been reintroduced to the wild?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.30. How do you think animal lovers feel about the news?A. Embarrassed.B. Pleased.C. Tired.D. Disappointed.【答案】26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种重新引入到野外的野生动物，以野生河狸为例说明了重新被引入到野外的野生动物状况良好，并介绍了其对环境发展的促进作用和不良影响。【26题详解】词句猜测题。building建造；spreading传播；helping帮助；creating创造。根据第三段“the beavers help the wildlife in the area”可知，野生河狸帮助了该地区的野生动物，故野生河狸可以促进野生动物和环境的发展，故划线部分boosting意为“促进、提高”，可以用help“帮助”解释，即野生河狸帮助了野生动物和环境的发展。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“They wanted to see if these animals could be reintroduced to the wild”可知，政府想要先做一个试验的目的是看这些野生河狸能否被重新引入野外。故选D。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Many plants are growing near the beaversBeavers also help make flooding less”可知，野生河狸能够帮助植物生长，并减少洪水的发生，这是野生河狸带来的好处，其余的诸如引发洪水和啃咬树木，这些都是坏处。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beavers arent the only animalsred squirrels were brought backthe worlds rarest duck, the Madagascar pochard, is making a comeback”可知，文中一共提到了三种被重新引入到野外的动物，分别是河狸、红松鼠和马达加斯加麻鸭。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“It was a big surprise”及全文内容可知，对于动物爱好者来说，野生动物重新被引入到野外的消息无疑是让他们非常高兴的。故选B。CPart of Earths beauty comes from its oceans. Ocean scientists study the chemical make-up of the ocean, weather patterns, the geography of the ocean floor, and many other areas. Their work is exciting, although sometimes dangerous. Using technology to do certain tasks helps. For example, robotic arms are used for very dangerous tasks. One basic part of ocean study is understanding waves and how they work. Wind is the great maker of waves. The waves we know are mostly produced by winds blowing over the sea. They are directly connected with the wind speed and the time that wind lasts. Sometimes ocean life can be seen in the wave. Living things seem to be staying within the wave, moving slowly inside it as if they were weightless. Besides the beauty of waves, scientists are interested in their technical ways. The diagram of waves shows how scientists examine waves. Waves are measured (测量) from the top (crest) to the bottom (trough). This allows scientists to find out the height of a wave. They also measure waves from crest to crest to determine (测定) the length of a wave. During serious storms, huge waves might cut a sea ship apart. Ships are at great risk of winding up as broken pieces after being hit by the force of a huge wave. By understanding the ocean, scientists can prevent this breakup of ships by predicting when the water will be too dangerous for people and their ships. The study of waves and the ocean also allows scientists to make sure how certain beaches were formed. By studying the oceans, a great deal can be learned about the surface we live on.31. Why are robotic arms used? Because _.A. certain tasks are very dangerousB. the tasks are excitingC. the oceans are beautifulD. there are many studying areas32. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A. Waves can make wind.B. Most waves are produced by winds.C. Scientists make most waves.D. Waves have nothing to do with wind.33. What is the meaning of the length of a wave according to paragraph 3?A. The beauty of huge waves.B. The technical way to study the sea.C. The distance from crest to crest of a wave.D. The distance from the top to the bottom of a wave.34. Which of the following statements are right according to the passage? Scientists can decide the weather patterns. We cant find living things in the waves. By studying the ocean, scientists can prevent