2023中考英语阅读理解知识点题型经典.doc

中考英语阅读理解汇编练习试卷
一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow.

    When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car. The advantages are obvious. This technology would allow total freedom of movement. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to be air traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality.

    Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plastic.
    They build the object layer by layer until it is complete. Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As we move into the future, 3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop, the way we manufacture and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive.
    So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people.
（1）What is the passage mainly about?
A. Environmental protection.     B. The world of tomorrow.     C. Advantages of technology.
（2）What do we learn from the passage?
A. Some people think technology development may bring new problems
B. 3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap.
C. The flying cars won't bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.
（3）What is the correct structure of the passage? （P1=Paragraph1）
A.                    B.                    C. 
（4）What does the underlined word "they" refer to?
A. Car companies.                            B. 3D print.                            C. Body parts.
（5）We can infer that the writer ________ about the future life with technology.
A. doesn't care                        B. feels hopeful                        C. feels disappointed
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍很多人对2050年对未来世界的两个预测。私人飞车和3D打印机。
（1）细节理解题。根据What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow.可知本段主要谈论的是未来的世界是什么样子，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to be air traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality.一些人认为交通管制会有问题。如果汽车变得流行，很可能会出现空中交通堵塞。另一个大问题是机械故障。如果汽车停止工作会发生什么？如果飞车成为现实，这些问题我们必须预料到。可知科技的发展将会带来新的问题，选项A符合文章内容，故选A；选项C，不符合文字内容，故排除C；The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive.可知选项B不符合文章内容，故排除B；综上所述，故选A。
（3）篇章结构题。根据Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow.总说； When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car.和 Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plastic.分说；So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people.总结。根据文章结构可知：总—分—总，故选A。
（4）代词指代题。根据下文They build the object layer by layer until it is complete.可知是指上文 3D printers，故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people.因此，在未来，我们可能会飞到工作或打印出新的鞋。尽管在这一切成为可能之前还有一些问题需要解决，但我们当然可以梦想一个技术使数百万人的生活更容易、更安全的世界。可知推知作者对科技未来的生活充满希望，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
2．阅读理解
    Kwanzaa is a celebration of African American history and culture. It begins on December 26th and continues until New Year's Day, January 1st.
    During the festival, a family member, usually the youngest child, lights candles in a special candleholder. Each night a candle is lit. Traditionally there are three green candles, three red candles and a central black candle. They represent the seven Kwanzaa principles （原则）. The principles are believed to play a big role in building strong, successful families, neighborhoods, etc. In the evenings, adults share stories and explain how to follow the seven principles in daily life. On the sixth day, which falls on New Year's Eve, family and friends get together to enjoy a large meal.
    Kyle, a third grader, wrote this about Kwanzaa, "When we celebrate Kwanzaa, we have many people at home, light the candles, and have a nice dinner. We learn the meaning of Kwanzaa and remember family members. We say something good about them. Last year, we remembered my grandmother."
    In 1966, Dr. Karenga created Kwanzaa. He was studying the history of Africa at that time. Dr. Karenga wanted to create a holiday to bring African Americans together and celebrate their history and culture. He called the holiday "Kwanzaa". In fact, the name comes from an African language, and it means "first fruits of the harvest （收获季节）".
（1）How long does the festival of Kwanzaa last every year?
A. Two days.                       B. Three days.                       C. Five days.                       D. Seven days.
（2）What color are the candles?
A. Green, black and red.                                       B. Green, white and red.      
C. Green, black and white.                                   D. Black, white and red.  
（3）What does the underlined word "represent" in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A. 决定                                     B. 展示                                     C. 维护                                     D. 代表
（4）Who did Kyle remember during Kwanzaa last year?
A. His aunt.                 B. His father.                 C. His grandmother.                 D. His grandfather.
（5）Which of the following is TRUE about Kwanzaa?
A. It has a history of about 100 years.    
B. Its name comes from an African language.
C. It is to celebrate the good harvest of the year.
D. During the festival, there's a big family dinner each night. 
【答案】 （1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了宽扎节的庆祝活动以及它的由来。
（1）细节题。根据It begins on December 26th and continues until New Year's Day, January 1st可知，这个节日持续一周，故是7天，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Traditionally there are three green candles, three red candles and a central black candle可知，蜡烛有绿，红，黑三种颜色，故选A。
（3）词义猜测题。根据They represent the seven Kwanzaa principles 可知他们指前面提到的三种颜色的七棵蜡烛，代表着宽扎节七个原则，故指代就是代表的意思，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据Last year, we remembered my grandmother，可知凯尔记得去年宽扎节期间的祖母 ， 故选C。
（5）推理题。根据In fact, the name comes from an African language, and it means “first fruits of the harvest 事实上，这个名字来自一种非洲语言，意思是“收获的第一批果实” ， 可知它的名字来自一种非洲语言 ， 故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
3．阅读下面的材料.从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Dear Lucy,
    How are you? It has been a month since my family left Hong Kong for England and we are fine.
    England is very different from Hong Kong. The weather is terrible and it rains a lot. The buildings are funny. They are in rows and not high. I love them because the rooms are much larger. I'm having a wonderful at my new school and my new home!
    Mum and Dad are happy with their new jobs. But my brother Jack doesn't like moving to England because he misses his friends so much.
    I've made lots of new friends at school. My teachers are really nice too and my English has improved a lot. After school, we can take part in relaxing activities such as sport, watching films or playing computer games. There's a park near the school where I often go with the other students at the weekend.
    We are travelling back to Hong Kong for the summer holiday. I will visit you and bring you a present!  
    Write back soon!
Love,
Sandy
（1）Where did Sandy's family live before?
A. Hong Kong.                         B. Sydney.                         C. New York.                         D. London.
（2）Sandy loves the buildings in England because their rooms are          .
A. cheaper                               B. warmer                               C. newer                               D. larger
（3）How many people are there in Sandy's family?
A. 2.                                          B. 4.                                          C. 6.                                          D. 8.
（4）Who does not like moving to England?
A. Dad.                                  B. Mum.                                  C. Jack.                                  D. Sandy.
（5）What is the letter mainly about?
A. Sandy's summer holiday.                                 B. Sandy's parents.
C. Sandy's new classmates.                                  D. Sandv's new life.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：Sandy向Lucy介绍了他一家从香港搬到英国后的生活状况。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句It has been a month since my family left Hong Kong for England and we are fine.理解可知，Sandy以前住在香港，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句They are in rows and not high. I love them because the rooms are much larger.理解可知，Sandy喜欢英国房子的原因就是比香港的大很多，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Mum and Dad are happy with their new jobs. But my brother Jack doesn't like moving to England because he misses his friends so much.理解可知，Sandy一家有四口人，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句But my brother Jack doesn't like moving to England because he misses his friends so much.可知，Jack不喜欢搬家到英国，故选C。 
（5）理解归纳题。通读全文可知此文主要介绍了Sandy到英国以后的新生活，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。
4．阅读材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
    Your English teacher has introduced a play to your class. Read the play.
    Characters: Benny, student, 14 years old
    Peter, students, 15 years old
    Susie, student, 14 years old
    Grace, student, 14 years old
    Time: One Sunday afternoon in autumn
    Place: Sunny Park
    （The four teenagers have just finished the picnic. They are tidying up.）
Benny: Wow! That was a great picnic. I'm so full that I can hardly move.
Grace: That's no excuse for not tidying up, Benny. Come over here and help me pack up the leftover food. Peter, can you put out the fire, please? And clean up the plate.
Peter: （Speaking unhappily to himself） How can I always get the dirty and difficult jobs?
    It's not fair.
    （Peter throws a bit of water on the fire. Then he picks up the ashes （灰烬） with an old newspaper and wants to throw them into the long grass. ）
Susie: （Sounding surprised） What are you doing, Peter? That's d…
Peter: Whoops…the newspaper has caught fire.
Susie: And the grass… Benny, Grace, help! Help!
    （Benny and Grace come over quickly. They help put out the fire completely.）
Peter: Oh, no. What have I done?
Grace: You know that we should do everything carefully, don't you?
Peter: （With his head in his hands） Yes. What have I done? What have I done?
（1）How does Peter feel about his job?
A. Clean an easy      B. Dirty and difficult      C. Great and interesting      D. Noisy and harmful
（2）What word do you think Susie would say in the sentence "That's d…"?
A. dirty                            B. difficult                            C. delicious                            D. dangerous
（3）Which of the following sentences is true?
A. There are five people in the play.                    B. Peter's carelessness causes the fire.
C. They have a picnic in the morning.                D. Benny refuses to help others tidy up.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文以角色对话的形式展示了文章的内容。主要是关于四个学生野餐后，需要清理场地。而由于Peter的粗心意外地引起了一场小火灾。 
（1）细节理解题。根据文中Peter的第一句话How can I always get the dirty and difficult jobs?我怎么能总是得到肮脏和困难的工作？可知，Peter认为自己的工作又脏又难（dirty and difficult）。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。由下文中Peter说得"Whooops...the newspaper has caught fire"， 由于Peter把报纸仍在了灰烬堆里，着火了。这是一件危险的事情。可以推知Susie说那样做是危险的。A： dirty脏的； B： difficult 困难的；C： delicious可口的； D： dangerous危险的。故选D。
（3）正误判断题。由文中Characters: Benny, student, 14 years old； Peter, students, 15 years old； Susie, student, 14 years old； Grace, student, 14 years old.可知选项A，不符合文章内容，故排除A；Peter: Whoops…the newspaper has caught fire.和由文中"Susie: And the grass.. Benny, Grace, help! Help!（Benny and Grace come over quickly. They help put out the fire completely）"可知由于彼得的粗心引起火灾，故选项B符合文章内容，故选B； Time: One Sunday afternoon in autumn；Time: One Sunday afternoon in autumn； Place: Sunny Park；（The four teenagers have just finished the picnic. They are tidying up.）可知选项C不符合文章内容，故排除C； That's no excuse for not tidying up, Benny. Come over here and help me pack up the leftover food.  可知选项D不符合文章大意，故排除D。综上所述，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
5．阅读理解
    My name is Wei Hua and I'm a sporting robot of the 23rd century. I'm clever at high flying exercises. I jump from spaceships and as I fall, I turn, dive, circle and dance until I softly land as close as I can to the finishing line.
    Robot competitions in the 23rd century are truly a popular sport. Fans from all over China watch their hand—held TVs when a competition comes on. Last time I took part in the 78th Olympics and I won the silver medal for my performance.
    This year I was very proud to be chosen again. I wanted to meet robots from other countries and explore ideas about our sport. However, my programmer fell ill the week before we were leaving. It was very painful for her and I felt very scared. I didn't feel so confident that I would win.
    The day of the competition was rather cold for my legs and my special oil began to freeze. I stopped for a moment（which I shouldn't）before I jumped from the starting place on a little spaceship, then I began my performance. At the correct moment I tried to open my parachute（降落伞）but there was a problem. It only opened a little. I began to fall faster and faster so that I could not turn, dive, circle or dance. My heart stopped beating as I landed heavily on a mountain covered with snow.
    This is why I am writing to you from my hospital bed with two broken legs and a weak head. I did not win anyth