人教版高中英语必修二Unit1知识点详解.doc

精品文档必修2Unit1单元知识梳理和能力组合知识盘点 重点词汇1.survive幸存，经历而活着 2.amaze 使惊讶 3.select精选 4.design设计 5.fancy奇异的 6.style风格 7.remove除去 8.doubt怀疑 9.reception接待 10.light点燃 11.wonder惊奇 12.evidence证据 13.trial尝试；审判 14.explode爆炸 15.sink下沉 16.debate辩论 短语1. belong to属于 2. in search of搜寻 3. in return作为回报 4. at war交战 5.take apart拆开 6. think highly of高度评价 7. be used to do被用来做 8. rather than而不是 9. more than不仅仅 10. less than少于 11. care about在乎 12. add to增加 13. agree with同意 14. see for oneself亲自看 15.at that time在那时 16.serve as充当 17. by the light of 借着的光 18. be designed for 为而设计 19.no doubt 无疑 20. the entrance to 通往的入口句型1. There is no doubt that: 毫无疑问，2. It takes somebody some time to do something. 做某事花某人多长时间3. This was a time when在这个时期4. It can be proved that可以证明，5. cant have done something不可能做过某事能力拓展Part 1. Warming up1. Is it enough to have survived for a long time?只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？survive vi.幸免；生还；幸存 vt. 经历而幸存；比活的时间长Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. 在这次撞车事故受伤的6个人中，只有2个人活了下来。常用结构：survive sb. (by.)比活得长survive sth. 幸免于；从中挺过来 survival n. U幸存；C残存物 survivor n.生还者，幸存者【即学即练】完成句子她丈夫去世后她又活了10年。 She _ her husband ten years.The old couple _ _ _ （从战争中幸存下来).In the terrible accident, there were no _ （幸存者).答案:survived;by survived the war survivorsPart 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending 1. in search of the Amber Roomin search of 寻找I looked everywhere in search of my lost pen. 我四处寻找我丢失的钢笔。【易混辨析】search/search for/search.for/in search ofsearch表示“搜索；搜寻；调查”。search sb.意为“搜某人身”；search sp.意为“在某地搜查”（意图找到某东西）。search for意为“寻找”，指搜寻某个特定的目标，相当于look for。search.for意为“搜查某人或某地以寻找某物”。in search of介词短语，意为“寻找”，后接寻找的目标或对象。【即学即练】完成句子警察搜索那栋房屋，寻找被偷的宝石。 The police _ the house _ the stolen jewel. 他们在门口搜查了那个士兵。 They _ the guard at the gate.警察到处搜捕他。最终他被抓住了，现在警察正在对他进行搜身。 The police _ _ him everywhere. He was caught at last and now the police are _ him.显然有人搜过他的房子那本书不见了。 His house had clearly been _ and the book was missing.答案:searched; for searched searched for；searchingsearched单项填空They were walking around the town _ a place for the party. A. in search of B. search C. searching of D. searched for解析：选A。in search of为介词短语，意为“寻找”，符合句意。B、D两项动词形式不对；无C项search of 此种搭配。2.This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. 这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。 be used to do sth. 被用于做某事 Wood is used to make into desks. be/get used to (doing)sth. 习惯做某事 H e is used to getting up early. use to do sth. 过去常常做某事 I used to have a walk after supper, but now Im used to playing basketball.3. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.琥珀屋采取了当时流行的奇特的建筑式样。 design n. 设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思I like the design of that rug. 我喜欢那块地毯的图案。A new highway between the two cities is being designed. 这两个城市之间的一条新高速公路正在设计中。常用结构：by design=on purpose 有意地，故意地 be designed to do. 目的是做；被打算做be designed for. 为而打算设计【即学即练】你觉得他是偶尔如此，还是故意的？ Do you think he did it accidenally or _ _ ？实验的目的是测试新药。 The experiment _ _ _ test the new drug. 这些房子是专门为老年人而设计的。 The houses are specially _ _ the old people. 答案:by design/on purpose is designed to designed for单项填空I like the television programme _ educate not merely entertain. A. designed toB. designed for C. is designed toD. is designed for解析：选A。be designed to do为固定搭配，表示“目的是”。designed to.在句中为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词programme。B、D两项中的for为介词,后面需接v.-ing形式或名词,故排除。4.fancy adj. 奇特的; 精致的; v. 想; 以为; 想像1). Thats a very fancy pair of shoes! 那是一双非常别致的鞋!2). I fancy (that) its going to rain today. 我看今天要下雨重点用法fancy that以为是fancy (sbs) doing想像（某人）做某事fancy oneself自负；自命不凡fancy sb. to be / as 想象/认为某人会成为 I cant fancy his doing such a thing. 我想不到他会做这种事。 He fancies himself as a good writer. 他认为自己是好作家。5. However, the next King of Prussia，Frederick William ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。belong to 属于 Who does this watch belong to?这块表是谁的？用法点拨:belong to不用于进行时态和被动语态中。to 为介词,其后接代词,名词类短语及从句,表示所归属的对象。The book belongs on that shelf. 这本书应是放在那个架子上的。【联想拓展】 belongings n.财产,所有物;动产She lost all her belongings in the earthquake. 她在地震中失去了所有的财产。【即学即练】As is known to us all, China is a developing country _ the third world. A. belonging B. belonged C. belonging to D. belonged to 解析：选C。belong to 此处作定语，无被动语态和进行时态，必须和to连用构成及物动词 短语。6. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.作为回报，沙皇送给他一队自己最好的士兵。in return 作为报答；回报An old man gave us some food and water but asked for nothing in return on the island.在那个岛上一位老人给了我们一些食物和水，但没有要求任何回报。in return for作为对的回报in turn 依次；逐个地；转而；反过来I invited him to dinner in return for his kindness. 为了报答他的好心，我宴请了他。He spends too much time on maths, and this in turn affects the progress of his other subjects.他在数学上花的时间太多，这同时影响他的其他学科的进步。The students answered the teachers questions in turn. 学生们依次回答老师的问题。7. Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing. 可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的一大奇迹，可是现在它却消失了。1）consider 考虑；认为，把。看作I am considering going abroad. 我正在考虑出国。I consider it a great honor.我认为这是极大的荣幸。We consider that the driver is not to blame. 我们认为这不是司机的过错。We consider it (to be ) true.=(We consider that it is true.) 我们认为这是真实的。 We consider him(to be) our friend. 我们把他当我们的好朋友。 8. This was a time when the two countries were at war. at war 处于交战状态 介词at可表示状态或动作 at the meeting 在会上 at peace 处于和平状态 at breakfast 在吃早饭 at table 在吃饭 at work 在上班 at school 在上学 9.,the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. furniture 是“家具”的总称，前不加冠词a， 也不用复数。用much ,little 修饰。 a piece of (an article of) furniture 一件家具 pieces(articles) of furniture 许多家具 10. There_is_no_doubt_that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。doubt n. 怀疑;疑惑 vt.怀疑;不信I dont doubt that he is honest. 我不怀疑他是诚实的。 We doubt if he is honest. 我们怀疑他是否诚实。 用法点拨： doubt作为名词，如果表达“困 惑”的事情，用作可数名词；如果表达“在某事上的困惑，”一般用作不可数名词。作为动词，在否定句和疑问句中，后接that引导的从句；在肯定句中，后接whether/if引导的从句。I never doubt that he will come. 我从未怀疑他会来。I doubt whether/if the new one will be any better. 我不敢肯定这个新的是否会好一些。常用结构：in doubt 怀疑；拿不定主意no/without/beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；当然there is no doubt that. 毫无疑问（that从句为同位语从句，表示no doubt的实际内容，同位语从句亦可由whether引导）【即学即练】他肯定不是有意要伤害你的。 _ _he didnt mean to hurt you. 当你对这个问题没有把握时，请教一下老师。 When_ _ about the question, youd better ask the teacher. 答案:No doubt in doubt单项填空There is no doubt _ he will be asked to speak again next year. A. that B. whether C. what D. how11After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。remain a mystery为系表结构，remain为系动词，意为“(继续)保持，仍然处于(某种状态)”，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等做表语。Where he has gone remains a mystery.他去哪里了仍然是个谜。Shops remain open till late in the evening.商店营业到晚上很晚。Much work remains undone. 还有大量的工作未做。They remained listening. 他们一直在听。The patient remained in danger. 病人仍处在危险中。That remains to be seen. 那还有待观察。拓展：(2)remain还可用做不及物动词，意为“剩下，还有；(继续)待在某处，继续存在，留下”。Little of the original architecture remains.原来的建筑现在留存的已经很少了。Ill remain to see the end of the game.我将留下看比赛的结果。12. In groups discuss: Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuan Ming Yuan in Beijing?分组讨论：重建遗失的文化遗产，如琥珀屋和北京的圆明园是值得的吗？worth adj.值得的; 相当于的价值 n.价值; 作用【联想拓展】be worth+n. 当名词为金钱时，表示“值钱”The exhibition is worth a visit.This necklace is worth $1,000. 这条项链值1000美元。be worth doing 某事值得被做Mount Tai is well worth visiting. 泰山很值得参观。be worthy of+n. 当名词为抽象名词时,表示 “值得”be worthy to be/of being done 某事值得被做This movie is well worth seeing,but it is not worthy of being seen/to be seen twice. 这部电影值得看但是不值得看两遍。It be worthwhile doing sth. 值得做某事It be worthwhile for sb. to do sth. 值得某人去做某事It is worthwhile buying the dictionary. 这本词典值得买。(其中的 worthwhile 也可换成 worth)It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again. 这个计划值得再讨论一次。【即学即练】这本书值得读。The book is worth reading.=The book is _ _ _ read.=It is _ _ the book.答案:worthy to be; worthwhile reading【即学即练】单项填空This book is worthy of _ twice. A. readingB. read C. having read D. being read解析：选D。 be worthy 后可以用to be done或of being done结构，而worth后用动名词的主动形式表示被动概念。Part 3. Learning about Language1.take apart拆卸，拆开The boy took apart the toy car, but couldnt put it together again.男孩把玩具汽车拆开了, 可怎么也安不上了。apart from Apart from a few words, he knows nothing about Chinese.除了几个单词外，他对汉语一无所知。本句中的apart from可以换成except。Apart from Jim, Lucy and Lily also attended the meeting.除了吉姆，虂茜和莉莉也参加了会议。此句中的apart from可以由besides替换。This article is well written apart from a few spelling mistakes.这篇文章写得很好，只是有几处拼写错误。这一句中的apart from可以替换成except for。Part 4. Using Language1. He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. 他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是个人观点或看法。 rather than意为“而不是”，连接两个并列成分，这两个并列成分的形式应该一致。rather than连接两个主语时，其后面谓语动词的单复数形式应遵循就远原则。类似用法的词汇、短语还有：as well as，together with，except，but，with，besides，including等。 I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame. 我认为该受责备的是汤姆，而不是你。 Professor Smith, together with his assistants, is doing the research day and night. 史密斯教授和他的助手们正在夜以继日地进行研究。【联想拓展】or rather更确切地说 This new product, or rather, this new style of shirt, is not very attractive.这项新产品，确切地说是这种新款式的衬衫，并不是非常吸引人的。other than除了之外She has no close friends other than him.她除了他以外没有好朋友。would rather do.than do =would do.rather than do=prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿而不愿；宁愿；更喜欢 He would rather go walking than watch TV at home.他宁愿出去散步也不愿待在家里看电视。【即学即练】选词填空（rather than/other than/or rather）I met him very late on Friday night, _, early on Saturday morning. Does anybody _ yourself know this?I decided to send an e-mail _ telephone. 答案:or rather other than rather than 4Nor do I think they should give it to any government.我也认为他们不应该把它交给任何政府。 该句中由于否定词nor位于句首，所以使用了部分倒装语序。英语中含有否定意义的副词及短语放在句首时，句中需用部分倒装语序。这类副词及短语有：never，seldom，neither，nor，little，not，hardly，scarcely，at no time，in no way等。Never before have I seen such a film.以前我从来没有看过这样的影片。Seldom does she go out alone.她很少一个人出门。Not a word did he say at the meeting.他在会上一句话也没说。In no way can we give in to the difficulties.我们决不能向困难低头。 拓展：“nor/neither系(助)动词主语”，表示前句中的否定情况，也适用于另一人或物。仿写：她解不出这个问题，我也不能。She couldnt work out the problem, _.答案：nor/neither could I5. It can be proved that China has more population than any other countries in the world. 可以证明，中国人口比世界上任何其他国家都多。prove (proved, proved) or (proved, proven)(1)vt. 证明 sth (to sb) Just give me a chance and Ill prove it to you. 给我一个机会，我会证明给你看。 (that) This proves (that) I was right. 这证明我是对的。 wh- This proves what I have been saying for some time. 这证明了我一段时间以来所说的话。 +宾语+ adj She was determined to prove him wrong. 她决心要证明他错了。(2)系动词：证明是，显示是v+adj/n Perhaps this book will prove (to be) useful. 或许这本书会证明有用的。 v +tobe Their fears proved to be groundless. 他们的担心证明是无根据的。 oneself (to be) n/adj He proved himself to be a good teacher. 他显示自己是个好旅伴。7. spend, cost, take, pay(1)spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：spend timemoney on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 spend timemoney (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(2)cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下：7、你喜欢哪一类型的DIY手工艺制品？sth. costs + (sb.) 金钱. 某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：“碧芝”隶属于加拿大的公司。这家公司原先从事首饰加工业，自助首饰的风行也自西方，随着人工饰品的欣欣向荣，自制饰品越来越受到了人们的认同。年碧芝自制饰品店在迪美购物中心开张，这里地理位置十分优越，交通四八达，由于是市中心，汇集了来自各地的游客和时尚人群，不用担心客流量问题。迪美有多家商铺，不包括柜台，现在这个商铺的位置还是比较合适的，位于中心地带，左边出口的自动扶梯直接通向地面，从正对着的旋转式楼拾阶而上就是人民广场中央，周边、条地下通道都交汇于此，从自家店铺门口经过的的顾客会因为好奇而进看一下。A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 sth. costs + (sb.) 代价. 做某事使某人付出了什么代价。例：手工艺制品是我国一种传统文化的象征，它品种多样，方式新颖，制作简单，深受广大学生朋友的喜欢。当今大学生的消费行为表现在追求新颖，追求时尚。追求个性，表现自我的消费趋向：购买行为有较强的感情色彩，比起男生热衷于的网络游戏，极限运动，手工艺制品更得女生的喜欢。Drunk driving cost him his life. 酒后开车使他付出了生命的代价。 (3)take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：市场环境所提供的创业机会是客观的，但还必须具备自身的创业优势，才能使我们的创业项目成为可行。作为大学生的我们所具有的优势在于：It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：图1-3 大学生偏爱的手工艺品种类分布It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。“碧芝”最吸引人的是那些小巧的珠子、亮片等，都是平日里不常见的。据店长梁小姐介绍，店内的饰珠有威尼斯印第安的玻璃珠、秘鲁的陶珠、奥地利的施华洛世奇水晶、法国的仿金片、日本的梦幻珠等，五彩缤纷，流光异彩。按照饰珠的质地可分为玻璃、骨质、角质、陶制、水晶、仿金、木制等种类，其造型更是千姿百态：珠型、圆柱型、动物造型、多边形、图腾形象等，美不胜收。全部都是进口的，从几毛钱一个到几十元一个的珠子，做一个成品饰物大约需要几十元，当然，还要决定于你的心意 尽管售价不菲，却仍没挡住喜欢它的人。It takes (sb )sth + to do sth. 做某事需要(某人)某物。例：因此不难看出，自制饰品在校园里也大有市场所在。对于那些走在流行前端的女生来说，捕捉新事物便捕捉到了时尚与个性。Courage is what it takes to succeed.成功需要勇气。A smile is sometimes what it takes to cheer a friend up. 有时候一个微笑就会使朋友高兴起来。可见“体验化消费” 广受大学生的欢迎、喜欢，这是我们创业项目是否成功的关键，必须引起足够的注意。(4)pay的基本用法是： (Sb) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 pay for sth. 付的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。调研提纲： pay sb (+ to do) 付钱给某人(去做某事)。 例: We pay the baby-sitter by the hour. 我们按小时给保姆钱。500元以上1224%I will pay you $3 to clean my car.我给你3美元你替我洗车。精品文档