一般现在时一般过去时.pptx

一般现在时一般现在时v定义定义:一般现在时。表示通常性、规律性、习一般现在时。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态的事件）的一种时间状态具体运用具体运用v1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。率的时间状语连用。时间状语：时间状语：always,usually,every morning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,twice a week,seldom,once a month,on Sundays e.g.I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning.I get up at six in the morning.v2.表示客观事实和普遍真理。表示客观事实和普遍真理。e.g The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.v3表示格言或警句中。表示格言或警句中。ve.g Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。骄者必败。注意注意：此用法如果出现在：此用法如果出现在宾语从句宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语谓语也要用也要用一般现在时。一般现在时。v例：例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.表达方法表达方法v主要通过主要通过谓语动词谓语动词的变化和用时间词语的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。一般现在时动词变化的规则是：化。一般现在时动词变化的规则是：1.如果主语是如果主语是名词复数名词复数和和第一人称第一人称I、we，谓语动，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：例例 1)We usually go to school at 7:30.2)My parents give ten yuan to my sister every week.v2.主语是任何一个单数名词或者是主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数，谓语动词要进行必第三人称单数，谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点：要的变化。特别提一点：不可数名不可数名词也算作单数处理词也算作单数处理。1、一般动词，在词尾加、一般动词，在词尾加 s;如：如：work-works,live-lives,play-plays,sing-sings.eg:She lives in Ningbo.2、当动词以当动词以s，ch,o,sh结尾时，结尾时，词尾加词尾加-es，如，如词尾为词尾为e，只加只加-s.读作读作/iz/如：如：teach-teaches,wash-washes.go-goes pass-passes eg:My mother washes the coat.行为动词行为动词do一般现在时一般现在时第三人称单第三人称单（he,she,it)的构成规则：的构成规则：动词变化规律动词变化规律3.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把结尾的词，把y变变i 在加在加es，读，读作作zStudy flystudiesflied 4.以辅音字母以辅音字母+o结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es 读作读作zgo do goesdoes5.特殊情况：特殊情况：have has EX2EX2 1.Tom often_(get)up at six in the morning 1.Tom often_(get)up at six in the morning 2.The earth _(go)around the sun.2.The earth _(go)around the sun.3.Marys parent _(live)in Beijing.3.Marys parent _(live)in Beijing.4.She _(draw)very well.4.She _(draw)very well.Ex1.Ex1.写出下列词的单三形式：写出下列词的单三形式：写出下列词的单三形式：写出下列词的单三形式：look;go;give;fly;have look;go;give;fly;have looks;golooks;goeses;give;gives s;flies;has ;flies;has getsgoeslivesdraws否定句型否定句型v1.谓语动词含有助动词，谓语动词含有助动词，be动词、或者情态动词、或者情态动词时，在其后加动词时，在其后加not.I am not at college.Mr.Wang isnt 50 years old.The Jacksons doesnt have two sons.You may not go now.v2.谓语动词是谓语动词是实义动词实义动词，是在谓语动词前加，是在谓语动词前加do not 或或does not，谓语动词改用动词原，谓语动词改用动词原型。型。I dont have lunch at home.They dont play basketball on the sports ground.Mr.Jimmy doesnt know French.Ex1.将下列各句从肯定式改为否定式将下列各句从肯定式改为否定式1.I talk to Peter because I like him.2.Kate comes from America.Kate works with Peter3.I am Chinese,and I am a student.4.They know each other.I dont talk to Peter because I dont like him.Kate doesnt come from America.Kate doesnt work with Peter.I am not Chinese,and I am not a studentThey dont know each other.概念：用概念：用 yes 或或 no 来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。句。一般疑问句一般疑问句I am a teacher.You are a worker.He is a student.We are friends.1.对于对于BE 动词，疑问句要求把动词，疑问句要求把BE 提前，第一人称的单数和复数提前，第一人称的单数和复数（I/WE），第一变成第二人称。），第一变成第二人称。疑疑问问句句Are you a teacher?Are you a worker?Is he a student?Are you friends?Ex1.请做练习1.Her parents live in Shanghai.否否:Her parents_ in Shanghai.疑：疑：_ her parents_ in Shanghai?.2.You study English.否：否：You _ study English.疑：疑：you study English?3.How often Tom football?A.is,play B.do,play C.does,play D.does,plays dont liveDo liveDontDo C2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他语是他(he)，她，她(she)，它，它(it)时，句子前时，句子前面加面加DOES，并把动词恢复原形；当主，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加语是其他人称时，句前加DO，第一人，第一人(I/we)称换第二人称称换第二人称(you)。I often go there.You like the music.He goes to work by bus.We/You/They like it.Do you often go there?Do you like the music.?Does he go to work by bus?Do you/they like it?v1.I goes to school at six every day.v2.He dont like playing football.v3.They likes playing games.v4.Daming watchs TV in the evening.v5.Does he usually has a party?v6.What do they on Sunday?7.What they eat in the party?v8.Lily haves lunch at school.godoesntlikewatcheshavedodohas用所给动词的正确形式填空：用所给动词的正确形式填空：1.We often _(play)in the playground.2.She often _(watch)TV with her dog.3.The earth _(go)around the sun.4.My mother _look)after my little sister at home.5.Lucy _(have)some friends here.6.Fang Ming _(not like)rice at all.7.We_(go)to school at 7:30 in the morning.8.Mary seldom _(come)here.9.Her uncle often _(drive)to Beijing.10.Tom _(want)_(work)in Hainan.playwatcheslooksdoesnt likehasgocomeswantsdrivesto workgoes什么是一般过去时？什么是一般过去时？动词的一般过去时态表示动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态动作、情况或存在的状态。行为动词行为动词(即实义动词即实义动词)的的过去式没有人称过去式没有人称和数的变化和数的变化。所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的谓语构成谓语构成1.动词动词 be2.动词动词 have,has3.助动词助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式行为动词用过去式was,werehaddid一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外除外)I went to school yesterday.They went to school yesterday.一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成式构成规则变化规则变化1.一般加一般加ed2.以以e结尾加结尾加d3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先词，先双写双写这个辅音字母，再加这个辅音字母，再加ed.work workedchange changedprefer preferredstop stopped4.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y 结尾的词结尾的词,先改先改 y为为 i,再加再加edstudy studied规则动词过去式规则动词过去式-ed的发音的发音1.在以在以清辅音清辅音结尾的规则动词后结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作读作/t/work/w3:k/edt/2.在以在以浊辅音或元音浊辅音或元音结尾的规则动词后结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作读作/d/play/pleI/live/lIv/edd/edd/3.在以在以/t/或或/d/结尾的规则动词后结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作读作/Id/visit/vIzIt/edId/finished enjoyedshoutedmoved helped wantedcalled needed/t/d/Id/d/d/t/Id/Id/词义现在（原形）过去是am,is(be)是are(be)成为become开始begin弯曲bend吹blow买buy能can捕捉catchwaswerebecamebeganbentblewboughtcouldcaught选择choose来come切cut做do,does画draw饮drink吃eat感觉feel发现find飞fly忘记forgetchosecamecutdiddrewdrankatefeltfoundflewforgot得到get给give走go成长grow有have,has听hear受伤hurt保持keep知道know学习learngotgavewentgrewhadheardhurtkeptknewlearned,learnt允许，让let躺lie制造make可以may意味mean会见meet必须must放置put读read骑、乘rideletlaymademightmeantmetmustputreadrode响、鸣ring跑run说say看见see将shall唱歌sing坐下sit睡觉sleep说speak度过spend扫sweeprangransaidsawshouldsangsatsleptspokespentswept1.look2.live3.stop 4.go5.hope6.trip 7.call 8.eat 9.want 10.are 11.go 12.have13.do 14.get e16.say 17.see 18.put19.read20.take lookedlivedstoppedwenthopedtrippedcalledatewantedwerewenthasdidgotcamesaidsawputreadtook写出下列动词的过去式写出下列动词的过去式21.buy 22.sing 23.hear24.make25.find 26.break 27.think 28.fall 29.write30.beboughtmadefoundbrokethoughtfellwrotewas/weresangheard1.在过去某一时间内发生的动作：在过去某一时间内发生的动作：He got home at ten oclock last night.2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与常与often，always等表示频度的等表示频度的 间状语连用：间状语连用：I often got up very early at that time.用法用法3.表示已故人所做的事情。表示已故人所做的事情。Comrade Lei Feng did good deeds in his life.雷锋同志做了一生的好事。雷锋同志做了一生的好事。4.表示过去所发生的一系列的动作表示过去所发生的一系列的动作,而而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。来考虑的。Miss Liu got up at seven oclock this morning,dressed,had breakfast,and went to work.1.与与ago 连用：连用：a momenttwo minutesthree hoursfive daysone weeksix monthsfour yearsago用于一般过去时的时间状语用于一般过去时的时间状语lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthe day before yesterday 2.与与last 连用连用3.与与yesterday 连用：连用：4.与与one 连用：连用：onemorningevening dayMonday afternoon5.与与that 连用：连用：thatmorningwinterdayyearjust nowin the old daysin those daysin 1980the other dayat that timeonce upon a time6.其他时间状语：其他时间状语：行为动词一般过去时的否定式行为动词一般过去时的否定式一般过去时的否定式是在动词原形一般过去时的否定式是在动词原形前加助动词前加助动词did not(didnt).主语主语+didnt+动词原形动词原形I _ them the news.I _(tell)them the news yesterday.didnt telltold行为动词一般过去时的疑问式行为动词一般过去时的疑问式一般过去时的一般疑问式在句一般过去时的一般疑问式在句首加助动词首加助动词didDid+主语主语+动词原形动词原形？They _(finish)their work at four.一般疑问句一般疑问句:_ they _ their work at four?Yes,they _.No,they _.finishedDidfinishdiddidnt行为动词一般过去时的疑问式行为动词一般过去时的疑问式一般过去时的特殊疑问式一般过去时的特殊疑问式疑问词疑问词+did+主语主语+动词原形动词原形？They finished their work at four.AB 对划线部分提问对划线部分提问A:B:What did they do at four?When did they finish their work?T注意注意1.外加助动词外加助动词did后后,动词须返回原形。动词须返回原形。Did he went to school yesterday?Did he go to school yesterday?F2.简略回答用助动词简略回答用助动词did/didnt代替代替行为动词。行为动词。Did he find the boy yesterday?Yes,he did.No,he did not(didnt).Exercises Exercises 1.I _ the number down on a piece of paper a moment ago.A.write B.writed C.wrote D.writingC2.He always _me last term.A.helped B.helps C.helping D.help A3.My father _ ill yesterday A.isnt B.arent C.wasnt D.werent4 _your parents at home last week A.Is B.Was C.Are D.Were5.The twins _in Dalian last year They _ here now A.are;were B.were;are C.was;are D.were;was6 _your father at work the day _ yesterday A.Was;before B.Is;before C.Was;after D.Is;after