一般现在时-一般过去时-一般将来时.doc

教学内容知识点一：一般现在时【知识梳理】(1)一般现在时的基本结构和变化1.一般现在时的结构be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。e.g. I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加-s或-ese.g. He gets up early in the morning.2.否定句和疑问句的变化be动词的变化： A.否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。 B. 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. C. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 Where is my bike? 行为动词的变化：A.否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。 I dont like bread. / He doesnt like bread. B. 一般疑问句：Do ( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。 -Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. C. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。How does your father go to work? （注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则） 一般情况下在词尾加s helphelps, cleancleans, playplays, wearwears, givegives; 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词在词尾加es dressdresses, fixfixes, watchwatches, finishfinishes;以“辅音字母加y”结尾的动词，把y变为i，再studystudies, carrycarries, flyflies ）(2)一般现在时的用法?1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与always, sometimes, often, usually, never等副词连用。 e.g. I go to school every day except Saturdays and Sundays. My mother often gets up at 6 oclock. 2.表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。e.g. My father teaches maths. Lin Yan dances well. 3.表示普遍真理或客观事实。e.g. The earth moves around the sun. The sun rises in the east.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Our physics teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. 我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快得多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。如：I will e-mail you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就给你发邮件。 If you come this afternoon, we will have a meeting. 如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。【例题精讲】例1. Who is that lady? Shes Miss Green. She _ us music, and she is so good. A. taught B. teaches C. will teach D. is teaching例2. I think Ill take a bus to the meeting. The bus? If you _, you will be late. A. do B. have done C. will do 例3. Unless the weather _, we will have to cancel the picnic. A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve例4. We dont know if our friend _. If he _, well let you know. A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; comes 例5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth _ the sun. A. went around B. goes around C. is going around D. was going around【课堂练习】1. Look! A dog _ a blind man across the road. A. leads B. lead C. is leading D. led2. They usually _ TV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches3. He hardly _ up early A. gets B. get C. doesnt get D. dont get4. John _ football. A. likes playing B. likes play C. like play5. Frank usually _ in touch with his primary school teachers by email. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. will keep知识点二：一般过去时【知识梳理】(1)一般过去时的基本结构和变化1. 定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。2. 结构：“主语 + 动词的过去式”3.句型转化： be 动词的过去时的句型如下： A. 否定句： 主语 + be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not B. 疑问句： be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语 a. He was busy yesterday. (肯定句) 他昨天很忙。 b. He was not busy yesterday. (否定句) 他昨天不忙。 c. Was he busy yesterday? (疑问句) 他昨天忙吗 d. There werent any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。e.g. There werent any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。 Were there any boys in the room? 房间里有男孩儿吗行为动词的否定式和疑问式： A. 否定式：行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didnt, 并把这个行为动词改为动词原形。 a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. I did not / didnt call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday. B. 一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式, 那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问, 然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形, 并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did。 a. We stayed there for 10 days last month. Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didnt. b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening. Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, we didnt.?(2)规则动词的变化过去式（规则变化）一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ed。watch watchedplant planted以不发音字母e结尾的动词在词尾加-d。like likedmove moved以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，先变y为i，再在词尾加-ed。study studiedcarry carried重读闭音节动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写词尾的辅音字母，再在词尾加-ed。stop stoppedshop shopped过去式(be动词)（不规则变化）am / is was are weredo did (3)不规则动词的过去式和过去分词第一组AAA1. costcostcost 2. cutcutcut 3. hithithit 4. letletlet5. putputput 6. setsetset 7. readreadread 第二组ABC1. breakbrokebroken 2. choosechosechosen 3. speakspokespoken 4. stealstolestolen 5. wakewokewoken 6. forgetforgotforgotten7.taketooktaken 8.givegavegiven 9.hidehidhidden 10. drivedrovedriven 11. writewrotewritten 12. riseroserisen13. rideroderidden 14. eatateeaten 第三组ABC1. knowknewknown 2. growgrewgrown 3. throwthrewthrown 4. flyflewflown 5. showshowedshown第四组ABB1. buildbuiltbuilt 2. burnburntburnt 3. meanmeantmeant 4. lendlentlent 5. sendsentsent 6. spendspentspent第五组ABB1. keepkeptkept 2. sweepsweptswept 3. sleepsleptslept 4. leaveleftleft 5. feelfeltfelt 6. smellsmeltsmelt7. loselostlost 8. learnlearntlearnt (learnedlearned)9. getgotgot 10. dodiddone 11. gowentgone第六组ABB1. makemademade 2. hearheardheard 3. havehadhad 4. bringbroughtbrought 5. findfoundfound 6.buyboughtbought 7. thinkthoughtthought 8. teachtaughttaught第七组 ABB1. digdugdug 2. leadledled 3. holdheldheld 4. meetmetmet 5. saysaidsaid 6. paypaidpaid7. winwonwon 8. sellsoldsold 9. telltoldtold 10. standstoodstood 11. understandunderstoodunderstood12. sitsatsat 13. wearworeworn第八组ABC1. beginbeganbegun 2. swimswamswum 3. singsangsung 4. ringrangrung 5. drinkdrankdrunk 6. comecamecome7. becomebecamebecome 8. seesawseen 9. runranrun11. lielaylainlying（躺） 12. lieliedliedlying（说慌）13. laylaidlaid(放)(4)一般过去时的用法表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week (month, year.), ago, just now, at the age of, in 1980等连用。如： At the age of ten, she began to learn to play the piano. 十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢琴。表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。【例题精讲】例1. Where did you go last weekend? I _ to the Great Wall. A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone例2. Last week Vivian _ a dress for her mother with her first-month salary. A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. would buy例3. Oh no! I _ my book in the lab. A. leave B. left C. will leave D. was leaving例4. Your coat fits you well. Thank you. I _ it when I was on vacation. A. have bought B. buy C. bought例5. My husband always _ me flowers every week before we got married, but now he never _. A. sent; does B. sends; does C. was going to send; do D. sent; do【课堂练习】1. Did Billy and Anna find a way out at last? Yes, they _ a plan and did it. A. were working out B. worked out C. are working out D. have worked out2. Yesterday the teacher told us the earth _ the sun. A. goes around B. went around C. is going around D. would go around3. Lucy has _ to London. How can I get in touch with her? Dont worry. She will phone you as soon as she _ there. A. been; will get B. been; gets C. gone; will get D. gone; gets4. Oh, no! I cant find my mobile phone! Well, where _ you last put it. A. have B. do C. did5. Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol? Yes, I _ in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice. A. had stayed B. stay C. stayed D. have stayed知识点三一般将来时【知识梳理】(1)一般将来时的结构 will+动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：e.g. I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我将在校门口见你。be going to+动词原形 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，主语一般是人。如：e.g. I am going to be 15 next week. 下周我就15岁了。will 和be going to 的区别 be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：A. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：e.g. He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.B. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。e.g. He is seriously ill. He is going to die. C. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如： e.g. She is going to have a trip.He will be here in half an hour. 在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：e.g. If any beasts come at you, Ill stay with you and help you.(2)用法表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如：tomorrow, soon, next day (week, month, year.), in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow等连用。如：e.g. I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week. 下周我将要去上海旅行。当主句为一般将来时，在以after, when, while, as soon as, if, unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。如：e.g. I will do it better if the teacher gives me another chance. 如果老师再给我次机会，我会做得更好的。【例题精讲】例1. Dont away. Bill _ you look after your dog when you are away on business. A. helps B. will help C. helping D. helped例2. Just go down this road and you _ the library next to the bank. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see例3. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks _ in our families in the future. A. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. were appearing例4. Many scientists believe that robots _ able to talk like humans in 50 years. A. were B. are C. will be D. have been例5. Have you returned the book to the library yet? Not yet. Dont worry. I _ it soon. A. return B. returned C. have returned D. will return【课堂练习】1. My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I _ half of it. A. missed B. was missing C. will miss D. would miss2. We are glad to hear that the Greens _to a new flat next week.A. move B. moved C. will move D. have moved3. Eric wont start the experiment until his teacher _him how to do it. A. will showB. show C. showsD. showed4. If you come to the party, you a good time.A. would haveB. have C. will haveD. to have5. Let s enjoy the days with our classmates. We _our junior high school in two months. A. will finishB. are finishing C. have finished D. had finished课后作业1. - Is Jim in the office?- No, he to the dining hall.A. goesB. would goC. has goneD. had gone 2.- I called you this morning, but nobody answered it.- Oh, we some running in the park.A. are doing B. were doingC. have done D. did 3.Her son the army for two months. She misses him very much.A. has joined B. has been in C. joined D. was in 4.The reporter said that the UFO east to west when he saw it.A. travelsB. traveledC. was traveling D. has traveled 5.Im waiting for my sister. I wont go to see my uncle until .A. she comesB. she will come C. she doesnt come 6.- Do you know the Englishman?- Yes. I him for two years.A. get to know B. have knownC. knew D. got to know 7.I my homework; I guess I cant join you.A. dont finish B. didnt finishC. havent finishedD. wont finish 8.Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russia the first hotel in space in the near future.A. buildsB. will buildC. built D. has built 9.We have been friends .A. last yearB. one year ago C. since we met last year D. when we met last year10.- Do you know if Cindy will drive to Italy this weekend?- Cindy? Never! She driving.A. has hatedB. hated C. will hate D. hates11.- I called you several times this morning, but you didnt answer.- Sorry. I tennis the whole morning.A. playedB. is playingC. would playD. was playing12.I a mistake. Please dont be angry with me.A. make B. made C. will makeD. had made13.- I telephoned you yesterday afternoon but nobody answered.- Oh, I a film at that time.A. see B. saw C. is seeing D. was seeing14.- Is this your first time to Xinjiang?- No, I here several times.A. have goneB. havent gone C. have beenD. havent been15.- Well go for a picnic if it this Sunday.- Wish you a lovely weekend.A. rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain16.He Luzhou for three months.A. has leftB. has come to C. has gone toD. has been away from17.I my hometown for a long time. I really miss it!A. left B. went away fromC. have leftD. have been away from18.If you come to the party, you a good time.A. would have B. have C. will have D. to have19.Mr. Brown in this factory since he was twenty-four years old.A. worksB. workedC. will workD. has worked20.- Shush, be quiet! The baby in the next room.- Oh, sorry.A. sleepsB. slept C. is sleeping D. was sleeping21.He for ten years.A. has been married B. married C. got married D. has married22.- Did you hear someone knocking at the door just now?- No,sir. I music.A. was listening toB. listened to C. am listening to D. would listen to23.- What were you doing this time yesterday?- I on the grass and drawing a picture.A. A. sit B. sat C. am sitting D. was sitting24.- How was your trip to the ancient village?- Fantas