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课时素养评价 二
Unit 1 Using language
Ⅰ. 选词填空
1. You mustn’t smoke in this part of the hospital. (mustn’t/ don’t have to)
2. I have no bike, so I have to go to the office on foot. (must/have to)
3. You needn’t buy a gift, but you can if you want to. (mustn’t/needn’t)
4. You must come here on time, or you’ll be fined next time. (must/can)
5. At last, they were able to escape from the fire. (could/be able to)
6. You had better go to see the doctor as soon as possible. (had better/need)
7. Do you dare to do a parachute jump? (can/dare)
8. You will have to wash your own clothes when you go to college. (must/have to)
9. You needn’t explain too much to me. (mustn’t/needn’t)
10. Need I hand in my paper now? (be able to/need)
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示完成下列语段
Miss Fang 1. dared not read (不敢阅读)for very long with her eyes aching. Her mother told her that she 2. need go to hospital (需要去医院)and see a doctor. “You 3. had better see a doctor (最好去看医生)as soon as possible, ” her mother said. Miss Fang agreed and replied that she would 4. be able to go (能够去)to the hospital on Sunday.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2019·承德高一检测)
Public Health England(PHE)is targeting pizzas, ready meals, ready meat and takeaways. The government has also required the food industry to start using healthier food and encourage the public to opt for lower calorie foods.
It is all part of an effort to cut calorie(卡路里)intake by 20% by 2024. The target will point to 13 different food groups, which are equal to about a fifth of the calorie taken by children. If action is not taken, PHE said, it would be prepared to ask the government to pass laws.
PHE would be strictly monitoring progress by looking at which products people were buying and would be prepared to punish companies which do not take their duties. The government is also organizing a program encouraging adults to consume(消耗)400 calories at breakfast and 600 each at lunch and dinner.
At present, adults consume between 200 and 300 calories more than they should each day. PHE chief nutritionist Dr. Alison Tedstone said, “the 400-600-600 tip would make it easier for people to make healthier choices by being able to judge what they should be eating in each sitting. ”
How many calories should we eat? It is suggested that women eat no more than 2, 000 calories a day, while men should limit their intake to 2, 500. For children, it depends on age. A four-year-old should consume no more than 1, 300, while for teens aged 17 and 18, it is about 3, 000, but overweight children are eating up to 500 calories more than that.
Prof Russell Viner, of the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health, said it was a necessary move. He said, “Over the past 40 years, there had been a slow growth in food sizes, with pizzas and hamburgers simply much bigger than they were in our parents’ time, ” The convenience of fast food at pocket money prices and the advertisement of unhealthy food and drinks to children add to the problem.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了英国公共卫生部门要求食品行业开始选用更健康的食品, 并鼓励公众选择低热量的食物。
1. What does the underlined word “opt” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. choose B. sell C. refuse D. inspect
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段画线词前政府要求食品行业选用更健康的食物, 并根据其后的 for lower calorie foods可知政府鼓励公众选择低热量的食品。
2. What will happen to a company if it encourages high calorie food?
A. It will be punished by customers.
B. It will be forced to stop producing foods.
C. It will be punished by Public Health England.
D. It will be asked to throw away all the food.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句话可知如果一家公司鼓励高热量食品, 它将受到英国公共卫生部门的惩罚。
3. Who should take in the most calories?
A. Babies aged 4 B. Teens aged 18
C. Women D. Men
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知建议女性每天摄入的热量不要超过2 000卡路里, 而男性应该限制在2 500卡路里。对于孩子来说, 这取决于年龄。一个4岁的孩子摄入的热量应该不超过1 300卡路里, 而对于17岁和18岁的青少年, 这个数字大约是3 000卡路里, 但是超重的孩子摄入的热量要比这个数字多500卡路里。由此可知, 18岁的青少年应该摄入最多的卡路里。
4. What can be learned from the text?
A. The government has passed laws about using healthier food.
B. PHE is concerned about the British health problems.
C. Men should eat no more than 2, 000 calories.
D. Hamburgers are not bigger than before.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知公共卫生部门将通过观察人们购买哪些产品来严格监控进展, 并准备惩罚那些不履行职责的公司。由此推断出公共卫生部门关注英国人的健康问题。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
(2019·蚌埠高一检测)
As we all know, we are what we eat. That’s because what we eat every day has 1. great effect on our health. Therefore, we should make every effort 2. (change) our bad eating habits. Although baked or fried foods may be 3. (taste), eating too much of them will
4. (probable) result in some illnesses. 5. , some food that costs us a great deal of money and is not healthy is junk food.
Compared with people in the West, Chinese people used to eat more grain and vegetables, but 6. (little) meat, which is a good eating habit. However, things are quite different now. With the rapid economic
7. (grow) of our country, we now also eat a lot of food that is high in sugar and fat. We 8. (run) the risk of eating out without considering the balance of our diet.
The food we choose affects our health, so we must keep 9. mind that the food we choose should give 10. (we) the nutrients we need.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了我们每天吃的东西对我们的健康有很大的影响, 我们选择的食物应该给我们提供身体所需的营养。
1. 【解析】a。考查冠词。句意: 那是因为我们每天吃的东西对我们的健康有很大的影响。effect是可数名词, have a great effect on表示“对……有很大影响”, 故填a。
2. 【解析】to change。考查非谓语动词。句意: 我们应该尽一切努力改变我们的不良饮食习惯。此处表示目的, 应该用动词不定式作目的状语, 故填to change。
3. 【解析】tasty。考查词性转换。句意: 尽管烘焙和油炸食品可能很好吃, 但吃太多可能会导致一些疾病。分析句子结构可知此处缺少表语, 故填形容词tasty。
4. 【解析】probably。考查词性转换。修饰动词短语result in应用副词修饰, 故填probably。
5. 【解析】Besides/Moreover/Furthermore。考查副词。句意: 此外, 一些花费我们很多钱而且不健康的食物都是垃圾食品。根据句意可知此处表示“此外、而且”, 故填Besides/Moreover/Furthermore。
6. 【解析】less。考查形容词的比较级。句意: 与西方人相比, 中国人过去吃更多的谷物和蔬菜但是吃更少的肉, 这是一个良好的饮食习惯。more表明此处也用比较级形式, 故填less。
7. 【解析】growth。考查词性转换。句意: 随着我国经济的快速发展, 我们现在也吃很多高糖分高脂肪的食物。作介词with的宾语用名词, 故填growth。
8. 【解析】are running。考查动词的时态。句意: 我们正承担着出去吃饭而不考虑饮食均衡的风险。此处表示现在正在进行的动作, 用现在进行时, 故填are running。
9. 【解析】in。考查介词。句意: 我们必须记住我们选择的食物应给我们提供身体所需的营养。keep in mind记住。
10. 【解析】us。考查代词。句意: 我们必须记住我们选择的食物应给我们提供身体所需的营养。作动词give的宾语用宾格, 故填us。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
One of the most inspiring quotes(名言) I ever heard was by Brian Tracy. He said, “The 1 between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people 2 many more times than unsuccessful people. ”
I deeply understood the 3 of the quote soon after my first book was published.
I was living in Atlanta at the time and 4 my first signing sale for my new book at the Phoenix and Dragon, the largest bookstore in the city. Although a nice sign was placed outside the room 5 images of both me and my book, The 9 Insights of the Wealthy Soul, not a single customer entered the room. 6 each minute passed, I became increasingly 7 .
At 6: 25 pm, just before the store’s 8 , I began to get myself ready to leave. At that moment, just when I couldn’t feel any 9 , a middle-aged couple walked into the room. I managed to 10 my emotions and introduced myself and my book.
The couple turned the pages each other, and the husband 11 to his wife. She then told me, “I think we’ll get the book. ”
Despite the impulse (冲动)to jump 12 , and hold their hands to thank them for being my 13 readers, I realized the woman was trying to say something else.
“The 14 we’re buying it is that our son died two years ago, ” she said. “Maybe your book will help us 15 it . ”
At that moment, I knew if I never sold a copy of the book, my four years of 16 had been meaningless.
Although I would have many more challenging years 17 my book became a best-seller, this couple’s story was all the 18 I needed at that point to keep me 19 .
Thanks to them, I would realize that the greatest of lives are made all in the same way: One challenge . . . one difficulty . . . one step . . . and one small 20 at a time.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文。作者第一本书出版前在龙凤书店举行了签名售书活动, 可到了6点25分书店快下班时, 也没人来, 正在作者沮丧地想要离开时, 一对中年夫妻走了进来, 买了作者的书, 这给作者提供了继续前进的动力。作者也从中深刻理解了那句名言“成功者和失败者的区别是, 成功者比失败者要经历更多的失败”的意义。
1. A. similarity B. difference
C. interest D. advantage
【解析】选B。根据下文that successful people many more times than unsuccessful people可知此处谈论成功者与失败者的区别。similarity 相似; difference 区别; interest 兴趣; advantage 优点。
2. A. fail B. own
C. try D. experience
【解析】选A。成功者比失败者失败的次数更多一些。fail失败; own拥有; try尝试; experience经历。
3. A. fault B. key C. secret D. wisdom
【解析】选D 。根据常识可知既然是名言, 自然应该是智慧的话语。 fault错误; key关键; secret秘密; wisdom智慧。
4. A. refused B. decided
C. arranged D. waited
【解析】选C。我在龙凤书店里安排了我的第一次签名售书活动。refuse拒绝; decide决定; arrange安排; wait等待。
5. A. including B. showing
C. drawing D. selling
【解析】选B 。签名室的外面摆着一块漂亮抢眼的立牌, 上面展示着我的头像, 以及我的书。include包括; show展示; draw画画; sell卖。
6. A. While B. As
C. With D. When
【解析】选B。此处是从句, 意为“随着时间一分一秒地过去”, 故用as引导时间状语从句。while当……时; as随着; with随着(介词, 其后接名词或名词性词组); when当……时。
7. A. anxious B. excited
C. angry D. curious
【解析】选A 。根据上文“没有一位顾客进来”可知此处“我变得焦虑起来”。 anxious焦虑的; excited兴奋的; angry生气的; curious好奇的。
8. A. disappearing B. opening
C. crowding D. closing
【解析】选D。根据I began to get myself ready to leave可知到了下午6点25分, 书店马上就要关门了。disappear消失; open开门; crowd拥挤; close关门。
9. A. worse B. more
C. longer D. better
【解析】选A。这时, 就在我情绪低落到极点的时候, 一对中年夫妇走了进来。根据句意可知, 此处指“不能再糟糕了”。“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义。
10. A. express B. hide
C. read D. push
【解析】选B。我极力掩饰我(失落的)情绪, 向他们介绍我自己和我的新书。express表达; hide隐藏; read阅读; push推。
11. A. nodded B. sided
C. replied D. talked
【解析】选A。根据下文I think we’ll get the book. 可知, 此处指“丈夫朝妻子点了点头”。 nod点头; side同意, 支持; reply回复; talk谈论。
12. A. on end B. in a row
C. in the air D. on the ground
【解析】选 C。句意: 尽管我有种雀跃腾空的冲动, 并想紧紧握住他们的手以感谢他们做我的第一批读者, 但我意识到那位女士似乎还有别的话要说。on end连续地; in a row连续, 成一行; in the air在空中; on the ground在地面上。
13. A. reliable B. old
C. welcoming D. first
【解析】选D。根据上文I deeply understood the of the quote soon after my first book was published. I was living in Atlanta at the time and my first signing sale for my new book at the Phoenix and Dragon, the largest bookstore in the city. 可知, 此处指“我的第一批读者”。reliable可靠的; old老的; welcoming受欢迎的; first第一。
14. A. impact B. reason
C. purpose D. result
【解析】选B 。我们之所以决定买这本书, 是因为我们的儿子两年前去世了。impact影响; reason原因; purpose目的; result结果。
15. A. look through B. get over
C. find out D. come across
【解析】选B。句意: 也许你的书能帮助我们抚平心灵的创伤。look through浏览; get over克服; find out查明; come across遇到。
16. A. studying B. advertising
C. writing D. waiting
【解析】选C。那一刻, 我知道, 如果我一本书也卖不出去, 那么我四年的写作也就没有意义了。studying研究; advertising推广; writing写作; waiting等待。
17. A. since B. unless
C. after D. until
【解析】选D 。虽然在我的书成为畅销书之前, 我经过了多年的挑战和考验, 但在当时, 这对夫妇的故事就是我所需要的动力。since自从; unless除非; after在……之后; until在……之前。
18. A. motivation B. information
C. decision D. material
【解析】选A 。根据语境可知, 此处指“我所需要的动力”。 motivation动力; information信息; decision决定; material材料。
19. A. moving ahead B. falling down
C. putting forward D. losing courage
【解析】选A。根据语境可知, 此处指“让我继续前进”。moving ahead前进; falling down摔倒; putting forward提出; losing courage灰心。
20. A. sorrow B. failure
C. success D. pleasure
【解析】选C。那些最伟大的人都有着相同的经历: 一次挑战……一次困难……一次突破……每次都是一小步的成功。sorrow悲伤; failure失败; success成功; pleasure快乐。
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