资源描述
课时素养评价 十八
Unit 6 Developing ideas
Ⅰ. 根据单词首字母填空
1. Ren Zhengfei has devoted himself to the development of Huawei.
2. Setting up reserves for wild animals is a good idea to protect them.
3. We hope our advanced technology can be adopted by other companies.
4. Eating less fat is helpful to reduce the risk of heart disease.
5. Taking regular exercise may contribute to our healthier body.
6. Greenhouse gas will lead to the rise of temperature.
7. The boy went out with his friends without his mother’s permission.
8. A majority of people are aware of the importance of environmental protection.
9. 400 people a year die of this disease on average.
10. Several vehicles were damaged in the crash.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Many young people are devoted fans of TFBOYS.
许多年轻人是TFBOYS的忠实粉丝。
2. Singer Han Hong is devoted to charity.
歌手韩红热衷于公益事业。
3. He lent all his deposit to me without reserve.
他毫无保留地将所有的积蓄都借给我。
4. It is wise to adopt an elder’s advice.
采纳长者的建议是明智的。
5. The warm-hearted couple decided to adopt the poor child.
这对热心肠的夫妇决定收养那个可怜的孩子。
6. The government has reduced the emission of polluted gas by 10 percent.
政府将污染气体的排放降低了百分之十。
7. It was my teacher who helped me get out of trouble.
是我的老师帮助我走出困境。
8. It is known to us that hard work will contribute to your success.
众所周知努力才会成功。
9. On average, people should sleep eight hours a day.
人们平均每天应该保持八个小时的睡眠。
10. The movie The Lion King is really worth seeing.
电影《狮子王》确实值得一看。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Wildlife faces threats (威胁) from habitat destruction, pollution, and other human actions. Although protecting wildlife may seem too hard at times, even small actions in your own neighborhood can help protect many different animals. Here are some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions.
1. Create wildlife friendly areas in your backyard.
When trying to make your garden more beautiful, you can choose plants that can provide food and shelter to native wildlife. This will also help cut down on pollution. And bird or bat houses to your yard or garden to attract and shelter these species.
2. Avoid harming the natural ecosystem(生态系统)in your area.
Some plants from other places can kill or harm native plants that provide food and shelter for wildlife.
3. Have a greener lifestyle.
By using less water and fewer fuels, you will be helping to protect the wildlife around you. Take buses or the subway when you can, turn off electric devices when you’re not using them, take shorter showers, and keep your room temperature at or below 68 Fahrenheit degrees during the winter.
4. Buy products that are wildlife friendly.
Don’t buy products that are made from endangered animals. Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps, catches or hunters who are after other wildlife within the same habitat.
5. Donate money or time to organizations that protect wildlife and their habitats.
You can give money to organizations or groups that protect wildlife species in your neighborhood.
【文章大意】本文就如何保护野生动物方面提出了一些建议。
1. We infer that the purpose of this passage is to .
A. tell us why protecting wildlife is extremely important now
B. suggest that we protect wildlife through actions
C. explain why protecting wildlife is not as hard as people think
D. give us some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句和下文的小标题可知D项正确。
2. Which of the following threats to wildlife is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Animal diseases.
B. Loss of habitat.
C. Pollution.
D. Hunters.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文中的第一段第一句可知B、C两项提到了; D项是在第四条中提到的。纵观全文, 只有A项没提到。
3. What behaviour do you think the author can disagree with?
A. Planting right trees in gardens.
B. Buying an ivory vase for a gift.
C. Donating some money to WWF.
D. Reading books about wildlife.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文中第四条建议, 并结合常识可知B项就是作者所不能同意的。
4. In which section of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?
A. Environment.
B. Teaching.
C. Business.
D. Geography.
【解析】选A。文章出处题。本文主要讲了保护野生动物的一些建议。这些建议与环境有关。
B
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him food, wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent drought (干旱) and floods.
Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large numbers.
Two thousand years ago, a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but, without its trees, its soil became bare and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the country found itself faced by floods and starvation.
Even where a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult sometimes to make the people realize this. They cut down the trees but are too careless to plant and look after new trees. So unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests slowly disappear.
This does not only mean that there will be fewer trees. The results are even more serious: for where there are trees, their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in, and also bind the soil. This prevents the soil from being washed away. But where there are no trees, the rainfalls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, and this causes floods and the rain carries away the rich top soil in which crops grow. When all the top soil is gone, nothing remains but worthless desert.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。这篇短文从三个方面告诉我们树对人类来说是重要的。一是树可以为人类和动物提供食物、木材和其他产品; 二是树可以给人类提供树荫; 三是树木可以防止干旱和洪水。因此我们要多植树, 注意保护树木。
5. Trees are useful to man mainly in three ways, the most important of which is that they can .
A. keep him from the hot sunshine
B. protect him from droughts and floods
C. make him draw quick profit from them
D. enable him to build warships
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him food、wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent drought and floods. (树木对人类有三个非常重要的作用: 它们为人类提供食物、木材和其他产品; 它们给人类提供树荫; 它们有助于防止干旱和洪水。)以及第二段Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. (不幸的是, 在世界上许多地方, 人类还没有意识到第三种服务是最重要的。)由此可知, 树对人类的用处主要有三方面, 其中最重要的是它们能保护人类免受干旱和洪水。
6. It’s a great pity that .
A. man hasn’t realized the importance of trees to him
B. man is eager to profit from trees
C. man is only interested in building empires
D. man hasn’t found out that he has lost all trees
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. 可知很遗憾的是, 人类没有意识到树木对他们的重要性。
7. Sooner or later the forests will disappear .
A. unless a country has a plenty supply of trees
B. unless people stop cutting down their trees
C. unless the government punishes those who cut trees instead of planting them
D. unless all people are taught the importance of planting trees
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段So unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests slowly disappear. 可知除非所有人都被教导植树的重要性, 否则森林迟早会消失。
8. The underlined word “bind” in Paragraph 5 means “ ”.
A. to wash away B. to make stay together
C. to make wet D. to improve
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。下文This prevents the soil from being washed away. 意思是这可以防止土壤被冲走。由此推断出上文的意思是因为有树的地方, 它们的根会把土壤弄碎, 让雨水渗入, 也会把土壤凝固在一起。“bind”的意思是凝固。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you a happy person or an unhappy person?
If you’re an unhappy person, please remember that happiness is a choice. 1 What you need to do is to make some changes.
Unhappy people are more likely to believe that life is hard. They see themselves as victims of life when something bad happens to them. Yes, as is known to all, life can be hard. 2
Unhappy people are more likely to believe that most people can’t be trusted. They don’t think strangers can be trusted. Unfortunately, this thought slowly starts to prevent them from meeting new people. 3 In this way, you can make more friends, who can increase your happiness.
Unhappy people like comparing themselves with others and feel jealous. 4 This is wrong. Instead you should get inspired and try to achieve more. Learn to believe in unlimited possibilities. Don’t get upset and think that somebody’s luck limits your possible outcome in life.
Unhappy people consider their future with worry and fear. 5 Unhappy people fill the head space with worry and fear. How can you be happy if you are always in worry or fear? When fear or worry crosses your mind, ask yourself if there is an action you can take to prevent your fear or worry from happening. If there isn’t, just lay it down because worry or fear does you no good at all.
Everyone will probably swim in negative waters once in a while, but what matters is how long you stay there. Follow the ways mentioned above and then you will be much happier.
A. You can choose to be happy.
B. Unhappiness is also a choice.
C. There is only so much space between your ears.
D. They believe that someone else’s luck is stolen from their own.
E. You should try to be kind to others in order to make more friends.
F. But you should have a positive attitude towards life instead of complaining all the time.
G. Instead, you should believe in the good in people and stay open and friendly towards those you meet.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。你是个快乐的人还是不快乐的人? 快乐是一种选择, 如果你想快乐, 你就能变得快乐。每个人都有不快乐的时候, 关键是你的快乐能持续多久。
1. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据上文的If you’re an unhappy person, please remember that happiness is a choice. 可知, 快乐是一种选择。由此可知, 选项A“你可以选择快乐”与上文衔接最好。
2. 【解析】选F。推理判断题。根据上文的They see themselves as victims of life when something bad happens to them. Yes, as is known to all, life can be hard. 可知, 生活是很艰难, 但一个人不能把自己当作生活的受害者, 因此, 选项F“但是你应该对生活有一个积极的态度, 而不是一直抱怨。”与上文最符合。
3. 【解析】选G。推理判断题。根据上文Unhappy people are more likely to believe that most people can’t be trusted. They don’t think strangers can be trusted. 可知, 那些不开心的人往往不信任人, 他们认为陌生人是不可信任的, 因此, 选项G“相反, 你应该相信人的优点, 对你遇到的人保持开放和友好的态度。”最符合题意。
4. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据上文的Unhappy people like comparing themselves with others and feel jealous. 可知, 不开心的人喜欢和别人比较, 而且会感到妒忌, 再结合下文的This is wrong. 可知, 选项D“他们相信别人的运气是从自己身上偷走的。”与上文衔接最好。
5. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据下文的Unhappy people fill the head space with worry and fear. 可知, 不开心的人脑中总是充满了害怕和忧虑。因此, 选项C“你的两只耳朵之间只有这么大的空间。”(两耳之间就是指head), 与下文最相符。
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