句子结构及从句.doc

高中英语句子结构及从句复习(200-041 16:29:30)转载标签:高考英语名词性从句形容词性从句句子结构杂谈句子按结构可分为简单句, 并列句, 复合句基本句型(1)简单句主+ 谓 ( 宾/ 间宾+直宾 宾宾补)H wo。I bought book、Myfaherbought me acel phn。Tm made helaugh.主+ 系 + 表She sudent(2)复合句 (主语从句,表语从句, 宾语从句, 定语从句, 同位语从句,状语从句)主句连词 +从句 连词 从句 ,主句(3)并列句 (and, r , but等并列连词或分号破折号把两个或两个以上得简单句连在一起得结构)句1 + 连词+ 句2 erEngis an h erns hinse.The studets are briht; tetear work ard、 基本概念 ()有主语、有谓语方可称为句子,否则为短语。 ()主句与从句必须有连接词衔接、连接句可在两个句子中间,亦可放置于句首、l从句(一)主语从句(由ht wether, ha, whatevr, who, woevr,when,heneve, hw,wy 引导。)hovr lavs th offce should elme.ht he sad athe meetng isimpotant、1、主语从句得位置:Thatligh traves in tragh ies is nown to all.Itisknownto ll that light avels in straigh lnes、e theplane is toke of has not been annonc。/It hast bee aounce hen te planeis to ake off、What e ants a book、Has it be sete wowill e sn tocrry ot hetask？2、作形式主语得主语从句结构:Its + 名词词组 + 从句Iis a fc/question tha is go nestha son knowedg hat(常识)I is 形容词 +从句t snecessrycear/ ()lkey/ importnt hat。I is+过去分词+ 从句t ssi/ porteththas ben provd hatt utbe oi out tatts +不及物动词 从句tseems tha好象就是It happendtht碰巧It olows tht由此可见It strnt tat 结果就是*i引导得强调句,分析如:ohn ogtat plane fo hisso yesteray、主语宾 语状 语状 语It as Joh tht(wh) bougt toy lane ohi sonyesterda。强调主语t was a to plne thtJn oughtor hissn yestedy。强调宾语Itas for his so that J ougt atoy pane yesrday.强调目得状语Itws esterda hatoh boght a toy plane fr sn.强调时间状语(二)宾语从句(由aif , whether,what,whatever, who,whoever, we, ener, hw,wy 引导、)、作动词得宾语:H wondeed how the pyraidswee bul、She tolme were heived.、作介词得宾语:Ths depend on h ar ork。s here athng wrng inha said?3、作形容词得宾语: The r cnfint tat thy ca do it ell、mnot cern whthe(if) hey willarieon ime.4、宾语从句注意点:形式宾语it:He has mde it cler ht themetig ill otbe poston、否定前移:Idont think he astim tpay hes wi you. dnt uoe i isthe u hur e、插入语语序:Whe (o you hink) Jnwill rrve?ho (do yo believ)willbe given theprie?*肯定: thnkso。I hope so、否定: I ot hikso、I hop ot。I aridnot.(三)表语从句(由hathethr, what, whatvr, wo, hver, en, wever, hw, y 引导、)Myidea ishat his pln should b arried out imediaty、Itooks th (as if) it i goin trai、at is whecalled f t eeting.This is w e did it、e eason (why)he ws laewas tha he isseh bus。她迟到得原因就是误了车。(四)同位语从句(功能:加以阐明、解释)(只以tat作引导词)hae no dea n he will return.h r ad th th pblem eher tey shudcntinue he or、(五)定语从句(功能:进行修饰与限定)(由tht, which, wo, hm, wher, whn, hos,whyThe an wom (that)you awst now s or manaer. te any re whose nm is Wan Lin？Thebuilingwhosoo we can see frm heris a suemet.*当先行词就是al, erythg, something, nohin等不定代词, 或被firt, lat, only, ew,much, some, any,n以及形容词最高级等词修饰时, 应该用关系代词tt,不用 hch。I amieeste i allthatyu haveold me。H asked for hebetbok at thre was on the subjct。当并列得两个先行词分别表示人与物时,要用关系代词tht引导定语从句。We ee depy mprese y the teahrs andschl that we ad visite the.The rsonthat (=wy) ouerntirundls。I dot lie the way (that)(in whch) eal.hs as e secntie that d sen he film。Thii th same atcs (tha) Ihavels。Nooneil elie uch stories as he tol、Hwork n hesmshop a(that) I do、限定性:I wat tobuy the us hich (th) hasa grden、非限定性: I want to by the hue, wih(tt) hs a grden、Tis s the place her (in whc) I spntmycildhoo.Thisis t plce hh I ist las umer。The first prson wooes that o il et a shok.Thoswho wll got omorws sho willhae oe tis fteron to ethir ticket(六) 状语从句时间状语从句(when, s, hil,s so as, n oontan, haly hen, since, beor, aftr, till (until) )I ill tellhe the news assoon ssee h、henI was oung,Ien to the ton myself、I wa doig m homwrk hiemy brothrwas pyin game、esmileas he et me.) 地点状语从句(whr,weee)o ee you want、Whrer therei smke,thers fre. ( n matt hee)3)原因状语从句(becaus, ine, as,or,now ht)Beas (因为)表示得就是直接得理由,for(因为)表示推断得理由, since (既然)与as(由于)表原因时常放在句首、His ippoiedbcase he failed agan。T dy rakcaue th sn s rising。 (必然得因果关系)Theday breks, forthe bis areigg.(不就是直接得原因,而就是推断得结果)ine everbd i ere。 Letsbegin、Asyo reust it, I wll e。4)条件状语从句(if(假如,如果), unls(除非),If it rain orow, w wil stay at hom。I wl nt g unless I er fr him.=I wont g ifIdt heafm im。5)目得,结果状语从句目得( that, o tht, otat, in orde ha)结果( so that, s tha, h, somanymuhtht)I willrun slowl so t you an cath up withe. (目得)Irunso slwlya he cugh up wh me。(结果)he rase hr oie loudin ordr hat sotht e miht be heard、(目得) ode toe heard seise he voce loud。 (目得) e hrd she raisedhr voicelud.(目得)Sei so leve that heaher lik her、(结果)his suha vrgirl tha th tec lik r、(结果)6)表让步得状语从句(thoh, althugh, even if, even though, hweer,whteve, ver, hchever)t as not very ol athou wsowi.Ev f (toug) I hve osel my use,I llkeep m sines oin。en i(tough) I wee usy, wul go。(虚拟语气,表事实上我并不忙)veni (thouh) am usy ,Iwil g、( 陈述语气,我现在得确很忙)o my ghervr yo l。)比较状语从句asas,not so (as)s, mr tan, the mostin(of)No mretha(只不过), t or han(不多于)Heruns as fastas a rb。I ha nome han to ps。I have notmore hatwo pens。