南通泰州2018届高三第一次调研测试英语(有答案).doc

南通市2018届高三第一次调研测试
英 语
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)
第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
CBBDB 26-30 CADBA 31-35 DBCBA
21. Heavy debts have left the firm faced with an economic______in the financial crisis.
A. switch B. scratch C. squeeze D. status
22. Feng Chu, reported ______ the National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology in 2017，is a post-90s PHD candidate.
A. winning B. to have won C. to win D. having won
23. —I haven’t met Mr. Smith these days.
—Oh, I forgot to tell you. He______from his post in our college.
A. resigned B. has resigned C. had resigned D. would resign
24. The concepts in philosophy Jack readhave somewhat affected how he ______ his daily life.
A. shrinks from B. pulls through C. compensates for D. goes about
25. The doctor is in a dilemma______he should tell the patient the truth.
A. that B. whether C. where D. how
26. A series of policies has been adopted so far ______ benefits the poverty-stricken people will enjoy.
A. which B. that C.whose D. as
27.In his New Year Speech, President Xi ______that happiness is achieved through hard work.
A. underlined B. undid C. undertook D. updated
28. The autocompany succeeded in developing a new type of new energy vehicle, ______countless failures.
A. experiencing B. to experience C. to haveexperienced D. having  experienced
29. Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice______he/ she may flee abroad.
A. in case B. even if C. now that D. if only
30. These figures should be ______, for even a minorerror can cost us millions of dollars.
A. precise B. flexible C. optional D. approximate
CBBDB 26-30 CADBA 31-35 DBCBA
31. —Why are you upset, Maria?
—My father didn’t even buy me a Christmas present!What a ______!
A. Judas B. Samaritan C. Jonah D. Scrooge
32. I suspect ______ Emily was lying when she described the incident, for I know her well.
A. whether B. that C. what D. how
33.—I thought tomorrow was the deadline for my confirmation.
— Never mind! Call me later and tell me what you ______ then.
A. would think B. had thought C. think D. thought
34.It was only when he broke down and was sent to hospital for treatment ______ fully aware of the value of health.
A. did he become B. that he became
C. had he become D. that he had become
35. —John was criticized again by the boss this morning.
—______. He’s always causing trouble.
A. No wonder B. No way C. No problem D. No doubt
第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was 18 years old, fit, strong and ambitious. One day, I fell down for no 36reason. I saw many different specialists and was finally diagnosed with limb girdle muscular dystrophy (MD).
It was a very difficult time. I had no idea what life was going to37at me and I was scared.By my late 30s it was 38 and I had transitioned (转变) from a walking stick to a wheelchair. I wanted to be master of my own 39, so I had to recognise my 40 and play to my weaknesses. What I wanted to make 41 was a trip to the north pole.
People with MD feel the cold. So why did I want to go to one of the most extreme, cold and 42 places on Earth? I’d read about Chris Cope, who wanted to go to the north pole to raise money for MD, and it had 43 my adventurous spirit: I wanted to raise awareness about the 44, but I also wanted to find out what I was capable of. I’m very 45.
In the two years it had taken to organise theexpedition, my muscles had worsened but we 46 regardless. The unpleasant lifecoachingand cold traininghelped me to 47 how my body would behave in extreme cold, which made meaware of what to 48.
I had an amazing team around me, 49 the four different flights we took to get to the inner Arctic ice shelf were neverthelessdiscouraging. While we were on the ice the runway 50 and we had to wait for it to refreeze. 51 we reached the north pole, I was bitterly cold, exhausted and a complete 52. I was on the ice for the best part of three long days, then 53 the final 350m. The expedition raised £50,000 for 54.
MD is slowly destroying my life but I have chosen to fill it with 55and I live life to the full.
36. A. adequate B. apparent C. sound D. major
37. A. yell B. target C. throw D. direct
38. A. advanced B. initial C. modest D. minor
39. A. disease B. fate C. fortune D. business
40. A. strengths B. privileges C. achievements D. commitments
41. A. differ B. work C. count D. happen
42. A. autonomous B. mysterious C. inaccessible D. fantastic
43. A. referred to B. applied to C. belonged to D. appealed to
44. A. significance B. conservation C. condition D. ambition
45. A. trustworthy B. delicate C. ridiculous D. competitive
46. A. pulled out B. pressed on C. took off D. hung about
47. A. assess B. illustrate C. stress D. clarify
48. A. value B. expect C. require D. forgive
49. A. but B. though C. so D. as
50. A. floated B.split C. disappeared D. twisted
51. A. Because B. Unless C. Before D. Once
52. A.mess B. failure C. pride D. envy
53. A. ran B. climbed C. walked D. rolled
54. A. treatment B. ecology C. training D. charity
55. A.experiences B. imaginations C. recreations D. responsibilities
第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How to Speak Brit
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How to Speak Brit: The Quintessential (典型) Guide to the King’s English, Cockney Slang, and Other Flummoxing British Phrases is the quintessential A to Z guide to British English—perfect for every bookworm looking to conquer the language barrier.
Oscar Wilde once said the Brits have “everything in common with America nowadays except, of course, language”.
Any visitor to Old Blighty can sympathize with Mr. Wilde. After all, even fluent English speakers can be at sixes and sevens when told to pick up the “dog and bone” or “head to the loo”, so they can “spend a penny”. Wherever did these unique expressions come from?
Part language guide, part cultural study, How to Speak Brit is the perfect addition to every Anglophile’s (亲英派的)library and an entertaining introduction that will charm the linguistic-minded people.
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56. How to Speak Brit is intended to help readers ______.
A. to expose themselves to British cultures
B. to gain a better command of British English
C. to combine language learning with entertainment
D. to differentiate American English from British English
57. Where is the passage probably taken from?
A. A booklet. B. A web page. C. A brochure. D. A library guide.
B
To understand one of the secrets of creativity, just peek (窥视) into an art classroom in Denver, Colorado. The teacher asks her pupils to imitate the style of Vassily Kandinsky. The students copy Kandinsky’s art style, mastering brushwork and learning colour theory.
If that was all there were to the lesson, it would be a hands-on class in art history. But the art teacher asks the students to cut up their paintings and build 3D sculptures out of the pieces. They have all started with the same source, but their works all end up looking extremely different: some rise straight up in a column, while others are a jigsaw (相互交错) of different forms and angles. The students learn to treat the past not as a landing point, but as a launching pad.
Creativity doesn’t come out of the blue. No idea is ever wholly original; there is always a link from the known to the new. We rely on culture to provide us with a storehouse of raw materials which we then transform. Each generation adds another layer to the cliffside of history.
One of the keys to developing inventiveness is not to treat the past as sacred. Beethoven didn’t write symphonies because he thought there was anything wrong with Mozart’s. Picasso didn’t paint variations on canvases by Velásquez and Manet because he rejected the old masters, but rather because he admired them. While we sometimes tinker (修补) with the imperfect, we also remake what we love, showing our admiration for the past by passing down its DNA.
Sometimes inventors attempt tocover their tracks. Stravinsky denied that The Rite of Spring, his revolutionary ballet, included any actual folk tunes, but scholars found a volume of them in his library after his death.
Creative minds always start from a precedent (先例) and move from there, but how far should they go? The challenge is that staying too close to the familiar can dissatisfy, while wandering too far can fail to find followers.
Thomas Edison made small changes to the telephone, dramatically improved the lightbulb—and at the far end imagined underwater cities powered by solar energy. The designer Norman Bel Geddes designed a host of practical products, such as cocktail shakers and furniture—but he also ranged much further, sketching flying cars and houses in which the walls rose up into the ceiling like garage doors.
The DNA of the original is still there, but by the end it has evolved to something new. Each of us is creating our own variations on themes passed down to us. We’re at our most inventive when we don’t allow history to limit our imaginations, but to launch them. That’s a lesson that can start young—and that never ages.
58. The art teacher in Colorado intends to tell the students that the secret of creativity is ______.
A. to copy the masters’ works without effort
B. to completely reject the masters’ styles
C. to build their brilliant ideas on the past
D. to compare their works with the masters’
59. The underlined phrase “ out of the blue”in Paragragh3 means ______.
A.unfortunately B. gradually C. frequently D. unexpectedly
60. Which of the following is not the product of creativity according to the author?
A. A flying car. B. A copy of a Mozart. C. Animproved lightbulb.
D. An underwater city powered by solar energy.
C
Maj Rundlöf remembers the moment she changed her mind about neonicotinoids—the world’s most widely used pesticides(杀虫剂). In December 2013, in her office at Lund University in Sweden, she and postdoctor Georg Andersson were looking at data from their latest study. It was designed to test what would happen to bees if they fed on crops treated with neonicotinoids. “I didn’t expect to see any effect at all, to be honest,” says Rundlöf.
Honeybees weren’t greatly affected by the chemicals in crops, the study suggested. But the data on bumblebees told a different story. Bumblebee colonies that hadn’t fed on the treated crops looked normal: they were packing on weight to survive the winter. But in the colonies exposed to neonicotinoids, the growth chart was a flat line.
When the Swedish study was published in April 2015, it made headlines around the world. It was the first to show that neonicotinoids—known as neonics—could harm bees in a real-world farming situation.Bee populations are declining in many parts of the globe, a worrying sign for the crops and wild plants that rely on these bees for their survival. Parasites(寄生虫), disease and shrinking food resources are all prime suspects. But a link to neonics has become a major flashpoint.
Even before Rundlöf’s results were revealed, the European Union had placed heavy restrictions on three most widely used neonics in flowering crops—plants that might be attractive to bees—among rising concerns that the chemicals might harm pollinators (传粉者). But farmers, the agrochemical industry and some scientists pointed out that these were based on limited evidence, gathered mostly from lab tests.
Since Rundlöf’s paper, studies showing real-world evidence of harm from pesticides in the field have been mounting—and environmental organizations have demanded wide-ranging bans. Regulatory agencies will soon decide what to do about neonics, which have a global market worth more than US$1.5 billion per year. This month, the EU’s European Food Safety Authority is due to complete a re-evaluation of evidence for restricting neonics; the EU will then need to decide what action to take. France has passed a law that would ban neonics in 2018.
But industry groups and some scientists say the evidence still isn’t conclusive. The picture is complicated: some studies show harm to some bees in some circumstances, while others find no harm. The results seem to be affected by many factors, including the species of bee and the kinds of crops involved. Scientists working on the question say any new study is instantly picked at by advocates on both sides. Even the results of the largest study on the matter, funded by the agrochemical industry, failed to produce a consensus. It’s likely that political or regulatory decisions will settle the matter before opposing parties agree.
61. Maj Rundlöf’s study suggests that______.
A. neonicotinoids are linked to bee declinesB. bumblebees are threatened with cold winter
C. honeybees are at no risk from neonicotinoids
D. neonicotinoids are harmful to bees as expected
62. Why does the declining of bee populations raise much concern?
A. Disease has caused the lack of food resources.
B. Flowering crops with neonics are appealing to bees.
C.Bees play a leading role in limiting the number of parasites.
D. Bee populations are crucial to the survival of crops and wild plants.
63. According to the passage, we know that ______.
A. the EU is to further assess the harm of neonicotinoids
B. evidence of harm to bees from pesticides is sufficient
C. the EU has already banned the use of neonicotinoids
D. more and more studies prove pesticides harmful to bees
64. The last paragraph is mainly about ______.
A. the battle over the widespread use of neonicotinoids
B. the debate about the harm by neonicotinoids to bees
C. factors of influence on the present situation of bees
D. doubts about current political or regulatory systems
D
There are many heartbreaking moments in this beautifully written book，Letter to Louis，by Alison White, but the first comes before it even begins. In the devotion to her son Louis, author Alison White says how she wanted to write it so that people would understand disability and caring, but also, “to be totally honest, I wanted to write something that would make people consider being Louis’s friend”. Beneath that simple plea (恳求) lies the great fear of so many parents who nurse a severely disabled child through to adulthood: “What will happen when I’m gone?” Instead of giving a vivid account of the fear and anxieties that accompany long-term caring, she just tells us what it’s like, and it is equally admirable, uplifting, terrifying.
As a society, we are fon