-新概念第一册知识点整理.doc

Lesson 1-2 一、词汇1 指示代词： this that 2 Be动词： am is are 3 文具类：pen pencil book school teacher4 服饰类：watch dress skirt shirt T-shirt handbag coat cloakroom suit 5 其他：excuse pardon thank you thanks house car 二、语法：1、指示代词this that 的用法指示代词this that表示“这个”、“那个”。是指单个的人或物。this 表示时间和空间上较接近说话人的人或物。That表示时间和空间上离说话人较远的人或物。使用this that时注意以下两点：1 1 this that只和单数连用，如This is a dog. That is a pencil.12以this that作主语的疑问句，其答语通常用it指代。如： Is that a cap? Yes, it is. 13 初次见面介绍某人时常用this. Mum, this is my friend, Mary.14打电话时，用this表示“我”，用 that表示“你”。如： Hello, this is Mary, Whos that? 你好！我是玛丽，你是谁？2、be动词的用法Be动词通常在句中做谓语，基本形式有is/am/are (以下是对应人称代词的固定搭配)I am=Im You are = Youre He is = Hes She is = Shes It is = ItsWe are = Were They are = Theyre3、陈述句、一般疑问句陈述句：This is your handbag. 陈述句变一般疑问句：Is this your handbag?陈述句变一般疑问句方法四步：31 找出陈述句中的助动词，如is am are 32 助动词大写提前至句首。 33 主语小写紧随其后。 34 句末加问号。三、作业1、所有单词每个写一行。2、造句。写一陈述句，将其变成一般疑问句并做肯定及否定回答。Lesson 1-2 小测试Read and choose.My name _ Lisa. I _ from china.A. is / am B. are / is C. is / are_this a car?A. am B. is C. areIs this your bag?A. No, it is. B. Yes, it isnt. C. Yes, it is.Read and change.1. This is my house. （变一般疑问句）2. Is this her dress? （否定回答）3. Is this his car? （肯定回答）Read and Translate1. 劳驾。这是您的手表吗？2. 非常感谢。Lesson 1-2 小测试Read and choose.My name _ Lisa. I _ from china.A. is / am B. are / is C. is / are_this a car?A. am B. is C. areIs this your bag?A. No, it is. B. Yes, it isnt. C. Yes, it is.Read and change.1This is my house. （变一般疑问句）2Is this her dress? （否定回答）3Is this his car? （肯定回答）Read and Translate1. 劳驾。这是您的手表吗？2. 非常感谢。Lesson 1-2 小测试Read and choose.My name _ Lisa. I _ from china.A. is / am B. are / is C. is / are_this a car?A. am B. is C. areIs this your bag?A. No, it is. B. Yes, it isnt. C. Yes, it is.Read and change.1This is my house. （变一般疑问句）2Is this her dress? （否定回答）3Is this his car? （肯定回答）Read and Translate1. 劳驾。这是您的手表吗？2. 非常感谢。Lesson 3-4 一、词汇形容词性物主代词: my your his her its our your their名词: umbrella ticket number son daughter student morning afternoon evening 形容词：new good nice 副词：here too 动词：please meet 英语中对男性及女性的称呼: Mr. Sir Miss Mrs. Ms. Madam 二、语法：1、形容词性的物主代词形容词性物主代词只能作定语修饰其后面的名词，表示所有关系。一般在句子中不能独立存在。人称一（单数）二（单数）第三人称（单数）一（复数）二（复数）三（复数）词义我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir如：This is her dress. That is his coat. 2、英语中各种称呼Sir 先生 英美人学用sir来称呼所有自己不认识的男性，也用来称呼年长者或职位高于自己的人，在英语国家男老师统一为Sir 它用在姓名的前面或名字前面，但不能用在姓氏的前面，这一点和其他称呼不同。如：Bill Clinton (比尔.克林顿) 可以说Sir Bill Clinton 或Sir BillMr. 先生 是英语中对所有男性的普通称呼。一般放在姓名的前面或者只放在姓氏的前面，但绝不可以只放在名字前面。如可以说Mr. Bill Clinton或Mr. Clinton.Miss 小姐 对所有未婚女性的常用称呼。用法与Mr.相同。 如Miss Helen Keller或Miss Keller Mrs. 夫人 对所有已婚女性的称呼。用法和上面相同。如Mrs. Helen Keller或Mrs. KellerMs. 小姐、夫人 对所有女性的称呼，看不出该女子的婚姻状况。使用方法同上。如Ms. Helen Keller或Ms. KellerMadam 女士、夫人 表示对女性的尊称。如Madam. Helen Keller或Madam. Keller3、英语中常见的打招呼用语31 Good morning / Good afternoon / Good evening / Good night (早上好！下午好！ 晚上好！ 晚安！) 32 A：Nice to meet you. / Nice to see you. Glad to meet you. B：Nice to meet you, too. Nice to see you, too. Glad to meet you, too. (初次见面非常高兴)。此句常用于双方刚刚认识后讲这句话，表示很高兴结识对方,用于非正式场合。另两位熟人或朋友见面，也常用此句表示问候。33 How do you do? 用于正式场合。答： How do you do?34问A: How are you? How are you doing? 答 B: Fine, thank you. / Im very well. Thanks. / Im OK. Thank you. 这是朋友见面时候用得最多的寒暄话。三、作业1背写第一课的课文。2所学单词每词一行，要求熟练掌握。3背诵第三课课文。Lesson 3-4 小测试Read and CompleteA: _.B: Yes?A: Is this your pencil?B:_?A: Is this your pencil?B: Yes, Thank you very much.A: _.Read and choose1. Is this a school? _.A. Yes, it isnt. B. Yes, its. C. No, it isnt.2. How old are you? _, it is a secret.(秘密)A. OK. B. Sorry C. No3. _is our daughter.A. You B. He C. Here4. Is that her dress?A. Yes, this is. B. No, it is. C. Yes, it is.Read and Change1. I am Rice. （改否定句）2. His son is a teacher. （改否定句）3. Mr. Clinton and his wife are busy. （改为否定句）4. Lily is seven. （改一般疑问句）5. Are your son a student？（改错）Lesson 3-4 小测试Read and CompleteA: _.B: Yes?A: Is this your pencil?B:_?A: Is this your pencil?B: Yes, Thank you very much.A: _.Read and choose1.Is this a school? _.A. Yes, it isnt. B. Yes, its. C. No, it isnt.2. How old are you? _, it is a secret.(秘密)A. OK. B. Sorry C. No3. _is our daughter.A. You B. He C. Here4. Is that her dress?A. Yes, this is. B. No, it is. C. Yes, it is.Read and Change1. I am Rice. （改否定句）2. His son is a teacher. （改否定句）3. Mr. Clinton and his wife are busy. （改为否定句）4. Lily is seven. （改一般疑问句）5. Are your son a student？（改错）Lesson 5-6 一、词汇表示国籍的名词：French German Japanese Korean Chinese Swedish(新增) American Italian English以上所有表示国籍的名字还可以做形容词，表示某国的。如Chinese既可以是中国人，还可以是中国的。表示国家的名词：France(新增) Germany(新增) Japan Korea China Sweden America Italy(新增) England 副词：too either(新加的)二、语法：1、冠词冠词不能独立使用，通常像“帽子”一样戴在名词前面，帮助说明名词的词义。冠词在英语中只有三个，a , an , the，这三个又分成两类，其中a , an属于不定冠词；the属于定冠词。不定冠词a , an表示“一”，“一个”的意思，通常放在可数名词单数前面，用法如下：11 an用在以元音音标开头的单词前，如：It is an egg. It is an umbrella. That is an old car. This is an American car.12 其他情况下用a如： He is a student. This is a handbag. That is a German car. It is a Japanese car. Here is an Italian car.2、英语中表示国籍的名词用法21 英语中，表示国籍的名词前通常不用冠词。我们常说 She is Chinese. 不说She is a Chinese.He is German. She is Japanese. Hes Korean.三、作业1背写第三课的课文。2所学单词每词一行，要求熟练掌握。3模仿第五课的课文用以下三句话介绍一新人。如：This is Xiao Ming. He is a new student. He is Chinese.Lesson 5-6 小测试Read and Choose1. Look! _eraser is on your desk. A. A B. An C. The2. My student is _ English man.A. / B. a C. the D. an3. Joe is from France. He is _.A. France B. French C. a French D. the FrenchRead and CompleteRose is _ American. _ name is beautiful. _is _English teacher. Her father and mother are in _Germany now. Read and TranslateA：这是您的手表吗？B： 不，不是。我的手表是红色的。A：这是王小明，他是中国人。B：见到你很高兴。A：我也是。Read and Correct.1. Here your umbrella and your coat.2. This not is my skirt.3. This is my school. (变否定句)4. This is your house. (改为一般疑问句)5. Is this your watch? (改为陈述句)Lesson 7-8 一、词汇表示职业的名词： job operator engineer teacher taxi driver policeman policewoman postman milkman airhostess nurse mechanic hairdresser housewife 其他名词：nationality keyboard 疑问代词、形容词：what二、语法：1、What 构成的两种特殊疑问句特殊疑问句是就句中某一部分提问的疑问句。它的构成是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的结构。读时用降调。特殊疑问句与一般疑问句的区别在于：特殊疑问句不可用yes或no来回答，而一般疑问句能用yes或no来回答。What 既可做疑问代词又可做疑问形容词.What 做疑问代词时可单独放在句子的开头构成特殊疑问句，不用和名词连用。作疑问形容词时，不能单独放在句子的开头，而是一定要和一个名词构成特殊疑问短语，一起来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词例句：What is your job?疑问形容词例句：What nationality are you?2、本课主要交际句型21 询问国籍：A：What nationality are you (is he/ is she)? / Where are you from? /Where do you come from? B：I am (He is/ She is) Chinese. (Japanese/Korean-) (三个问句意思相同)22 询问职业：A：What is your (his her ) job? What do you do? (What does he/she do? What are you? What is he? What is she? B: I am a teacher. He is a policeman. She is a nurse.注：在表示职业前必须加不定冠词a / an。 而在国籍前什么也不加，要牢记在心。三、作业1背诵、背写第五课的课文。2所学单词每词一行，要求熟练掌握。3做课课练。4背诵第七课课文。Lesson 7-8 小测试Read and Choose2. Who is she? Shes _.A. a policeman B. a mechanic C. Mrs. Tracy D. an airhostess2. What is your job? A. I am nurse. B. Yes, I am C. I am the teacher. D. I am a policewoman.Complete the sentences with “am”, “is” or “are”.1. I _ a new student. My name _Alice.2. _you a student ,too? Yes, I _.3. _ Sophie German, too? No, she _not. She _French.4. You _my friend. She _my friend, too.5. What _your job? I _a keyboard operator.6. _his brother an engineer, too? No, he _not. He _a teacher.Read and TranslateA：他是教师吗？ B： 不，不是。他是一名警察。A：你是做什么工作的？ B：我是一名护士。A：我也是。A： 您是哪国人？ B： 我是意大利人。Read and Correct.就划线部分提问。1. He is a keyboard operator. 2. The lady is Tracy.3. She is Swedish.写出学过的所有国家及国籍。Lesson 9-10 一、词汇表示问候相关的词： hello hi well fine see goodbye thanks how today名词：woman 形容词：fat-thin tall-short clean-dirty hot-cold old-young busy-lazy二、语法：1、形容词的用法1. 形容词在句中最主要的用法是放在名词或代词前面，对它们起修饰或限定作用，作定语。它用于说明人或事物的质量、大小、新旧、温度、形状、颜色或产地等。如：a fat man a fine day a lazy boy an old man 2. 形容词也在句中放在be动词之后，作句子的表语。如：She is tall. This window is clean. 2、本课主要交际句型21 问候语：问：How are you today? 答：Fine, thanks. / Im very well. Thanks. / Im OK. Thank you.问：How is Tony? 答：He is very well. Thanks. / He is OK.22 形容人的形容词用法。(以下形容词可以替换)问：Look at that man! (祈使句) Is that man fat or thin?答：He isnt thin. He is fat.23 用法区别：see look at watchLook 用于强调看的动作。如：Look at the blackboard.See 用于强调看的结果。如：I can see a blackboard.Watch 观看，画面是移动的。如：Im watching TV.三、作业1背诵、背写第九课的课文。2所学单词每词一行，要求熟练掌握。3做课课练。Lesson 9-10 小测试Read and Choose1. How _ your father today? He _fine, thanks.A. is /is B. are / is C. am / are D. are / are2. What nationality _your wife? _is French.A. is / He B. is / She C. are / I D. are / YouComplete the dialogue.Mr. Ford: Good afternoon, Mrs Davis.Mrs. Davis: _.Mr. Ford: How _you today?Mrs. Davis: Fine, _ _?Mr. Ford: Im fine, thanks. _ Mr. Davis?Mrs. Davis: He is fine, thanks. _Mrs. Ford?Mr. Ford: Shes very well too, Mrs. Davis. Goodbye, Mrs Davis. Nice to see you.Mrs. Davis: _, too, Mr. Ford. Goodbye.Read and Change1. The young policeman is busy. (改为一般疑问句)2. The busy nurse is lazy.（改为否定句）3. Helen is fine. （特殊疑问句）4. fat, mechanic, the , is, hot, cold？（连词成句，选择疑问句）Lesson 11-12 一、词汇形容词性物主代词：my his her your our their its whose 服饰类名词：blouse tie 家底成员名词：father mother sister brother 表示颜色名词：blue white (red pink green brown purple orange?) 以前学过的可能再复习一下。副词：perhaps 动词：catch二、语法：1、whose构成的特殊疑问句1. 用法和what类似，既可以作疑问代词，也可以作疑问形容词。11 做疑问代词：在做疑问代词时，单独放在句子开头构成特殊疑问句，不和名词连用。如：Whose is your favourite?注意：whose一定要在下下文环境中使用，即前面提到的一些话题使用，否则听话的人不知其从哪儿来。12 做疑问形容词：在做疑问形容词时，不能单独放在句子开头，而是一定要和一个名词构成特殊疑问短语，一起来构成特殊疑问句。Whose watch is this?Whose umbrella is that?2、名词所有格s的名词所有格：在英语中有些名词可以加s表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词所有格，一般释成中文的“的”。如A teachers book 老师的一本书注意：单数名词后加s ，复数名词后没有s，也要加s。The Childrens classroom 孩子们的教室如果名词已有复数词尾又是s，只加“”。如： the workers boss 工人们的老板s的名词所有格多用于有生命的东西。但表示天体的名词除外。如：the suns heat三、作业：1、背写第九课课文。2、背诵第十一课课文。3、每个单词写一行。4、做课课练。Lesson 11-12 一、词汇形容词性物主代词：my his her your our their its whose 服饰类名词：blouse tie 家底成员名词：father mother sister brother 表示颜色名词：blue white (red pink green brown purple orange?) 以前学过的可能再复习一下。副词：perhaps 动词：catch二、语法：1、whose构成的特殊疑问句1. 用法和what类似，既可以作疑问代词，也可以作疑问形容词。11 做疑问代词：在做疑问代词时，单独放在句子开头构成特殊疑问句，不和名词连用。如：Whose is your favourite?注意：whose一定要在下下文环境中使用，即前面提到的一些话题使用，否则听话的人不知其从哪儿来。12 做疑问形容词：在做疑问形容词时，不能单独放在句子开头，而是一定要和一个名词构成特殊疑问短语，一起来构成特殊疑问句。Whose watch is this?Whose umbrella is that?2、名词所有格s的名词所有格：在英语中有些名词可以加s表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词所有格，一般释成中文的“的”。如A teachers book 老师的一本书注意：单数名词后加s ，复数名词后没有s，也要加s。The Childrens classroom 孩子们的教室如果名词已有复数词尾又是s，只加“”。如： the workers boss 工人们的老板s的名词所有格多用于有生命的东西。但表示天体的名词除外。如：the suns heat三、作业：1、背写第九课课文。2、背诵第十一课课文。3、每个单词写一行。4、做课课练。Lesson 11-12小测试Answer the questions, using the words given according to the examples.例：Is this your sister? (no / Tims)No, she isnt. She isnt my sister. Shes Tims sister.1. Is this Sophies dress? (no/Emmas)2. Is this his umbrella? (no / her)3. Is this your father? (no / Helens)Complete the sentences with “my”, “your”, “his” or “her”.1. This is Marys book. Its _book.2. I am French. _name is Sophie.3. What is _job? I am a hairdresser.4. Emma is a teacher. _sister is a teacher, too.5. Excuse me, Tony. Is this _tie?6. This isnt Stevens car. _car is blue.7. Is your sisters dress yellow, too? Yes, _ dress is yellow.Translate the following sentences.1. 那件蓝色的女衬衫是谁的？它是我妈妈的。2. 这是Steven的雨伞。3. 那是一个白色的小手提包。4. Sams tie is white. (就划线部分提问)5. 这是Mary的手表吗? 不,不是,它是Tom的。Lesson 11-12小测试Answer the questions, using the words given according to the examples.例：Is this your sister? (no / Tims)No, she isnt. She isnt my sister. Shes Tims sister.1. Is this Sophies dress? (no/Emmas)2. Is this his umbrella? (no / her)3. Is this your father? (no / Helens)Complete the sentences with “my”, “your”, “his” or “her”.1 This is Marys book. Its_book.2. I am French. _name is Sophie.3. What is _job? I am a hairdresser.4. Emma is a teacher. _sister is a teacher, too.5. Excuse me, Tony. Is this _tie?6. This isnt Stevens car. _car is blue.7. Is your sisters dress yellow, too? Yes, _ dress is yellow.Translate the following sentences.1. 那件蓝色的女衬衫是谁的？它是我妈妈的。2. 这是Steven的雨伞。3. 那是一个白色的小手提包。4. Sams tie is white. (就划线部分提问)5这是Mary的手表吗? 不,不是,它是Tom的。Lesson 13-16 一、词汇1. 表示颜色的名词：white blue (Lesson 11出现) green brown red grey yellow black orange 2. 指示代词：these (this的复数形式) those（that的复数形式）3. 表示国籍的名词：Danish Norwegian Russian Dutch 以上所有表示国籍的名字还可以做形容词，表示某国的。如Chinese既可以是中国人，还可以是中国的,汉语。表示国家的名词：4. 其他名词：colour (=color) hat (和cap有区别，cap指前面带沿的帽子) case carpet dog customs officer girl friend passport brown tourist 5. 形容词：smart lovely same 6. 动词：come 副词：upstairs二、语法：1、名词变复数（本册书出现的第一个大的语法点，比较重要，要牢记）名词从大体上可以分为普通名词和专有名词，如China the Changjiang River 都是世界独一无二的，我们称之为专有名词。普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是表示能够以数计算的人或事物的名词，可数名词有单复数之分。其变化规则如下：1.1 多数名词在词尾加-s。读音为，结尾是清辅音读/s/ ,结尾是浊辅音读/z/ 例： girl-girls tree-trees dog-dogs teacher teachers shirt-shirts1.2 以s, s