人教版版高一英语教师辅导讲义【Unit6重点讲解限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】汇总.doc

学员编号： 年 级：高一 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课类型T(Unit 6 Cultural relics 重点词汇和短语)T（语法：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1）C （语法：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句2）授课日期及时段教学内容 一、导入（猜词游戏。老师将下列单词和短语制作成小卡片，学生和老师每次各抽查一个，说出词汇及短语的意思，每个意思记1分。让学生讲解知道的单词和短语，若学生不知道的就收集起来，老师引导做具体的讲解。5分钟） .单词识记1. 幸存，经历而活着2. 精选3. 使惊讶4. 设计5. 奇异的 6. Remove7. Doubt8. Explode9. Trial10. debate答案：survive select amaze design fancy 除去 怀疑 爆炸 尝试；审判 辩论 .短语天地1. 属于2. 搜寻 3. 作为回报 4. 交战5. 拆开6. think highly of7. care about8. see for oneself9. be designed for 10. the entrance to答案：1.belong to 2. in search of 3.in return 4. at war 5.take apart 6. 高度评价 7.在乎 8. 亲自看 9.为而设计 10.通往的入口二、讲解（因学生在导入中已对单词和短语有了基本的了解，老师此时就需要对单词和短语进行扩充。讲解下列知识点，让学生翻译每个例句。对于学生知道的单词和短语可以让学生对照知识点讲解给老师；对于学生不知道的单词和短语老师做讲解，并让学生翻译每个例句，确保学生对每个单词和短语都非常了解。）1.survive （1）vi/vt 比.活得长； 经历.后依然活着; 经受得住 Her parents died in the accident, but she survived. 她的父母死于车祸，而她却幸免于难。（2）survivor n. 幸存者 There was only one survivor from / of the plane crash. 这次空难只有一名幸存者。（3） survival n. 幸存 His only chance of survival was a heart transplant. 唯有心脏移植手术才能使他活下来。2. search （1）v.搜查，寻找 Police are still searching the woods for the missing girl. 警察在搜索森林寻找失踪女孩。 （2）n. 寻找 She went into the kitchen in search of (= looking for) a drink. 她进入厨房找饮料喝。【归纳拓展】search sth for sth/sb 搜查某物以寻找某人或某物search sb for sth 搜查某人以寻找某物search for sth/sb 寻找某物或某人search for sb/sth 搜寻某人或某物3.design （1）v. 设计 He designed and built his own house. 他设计建造了自己的家。 （2）n. 设计；结构；计划 She had designs on his money. 她觊觎他的钱财。【归纳拓展】design a car / a dress / an office 设计汽车，连衣裙，办公室be designed for sth / be designed as sth / be designed to do 为某目的或用途而设计制造by design 故意的4. add （1） v. 增加，增添Shall I add your name to the list? 我把你的名字加到名单上，好吗？【归纳拓展】add sth (to sth) 添加，增加add A to B / add A and B together 加add sth (to sth) 补充说，又说add to sth 增加add sth up 加起来add up to sth 加起来等于，等于说5.remove vt.& vi.移动；搬开；搬家；脱掉；摘掉；消除；撤职；开除（1） sth/sb from sth 将某物或某人从某处移开He removed his hand from her shoulder. 他把放在她肩上的手移开了。（2） sth 消除，使消失It was impossible to remove the stains from the tablecloth. 这些污渍不可能从桌布上除掉。（3）removal n. 移动,调动,迁移,排除;免职 The factory announced its removal to another town. 这家工厂宣布迁往另一座城市。6. doubt （1） V. 怀疑 v +sth There seems no reason to doubt her words. 好象没有理由怀疑她的话。 v +(that) I never doubted (that) he would come. 我确信他会来。 v +wh- I doubt whether / if he will come. 我不敢肯定他来不来。v +sb I had no reason to doubt him. 我没有理由怀疑他。（2） n. 疑惑；怀疑 about / as to sth / that / wh- 怀疑There is some doubt about her honesty. 人们对她的诚实有些怀疑。【归纳拓展】beyond (any) doubt 毫无疑问in doubt 怀疑；不肯定no doubt 无疑 without doubt 毫无疑问7. worth （1） prep.值得的；相当于的价值（2） n. 价值；作用 （3） adj.古值钱的【归纳拓展】(1)be well worth doing sth. 非常值得做某事 be worth the money/effort/a try 值得花钱/努力/一试 be worth it 值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)(2)be worthy of sth./being done 值得 be worthy to be done 值得做(3) It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做某事【比较网站】worth, worthy, worthwhile（1）worth: 只作表语，有某种价值 be worth doing 值得做某事 （其后接动名词时，总是用主动形式表示被动意义。） worth 习惯上不用 very 修饰，要表示类似意思可用 well。（2）worthy可用作表语和定语 worthy of sth值得 be worthy to do 值得（表主动） be worthy of being done/ be worthy to be done 值得被（表被动） 作定语，值得尊重和考虑的，如：a worthy course 崇高的事业，(3)worthwhile: adj值得的，值得花时间、钱或精力的， 作表语, 后接动名词或不定式均可。 作定语，.短语释义：1. in search of寻找；搜寻；寻求The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands in search of any survivor in the earthquake.救援人员徒手移去砖石，搜寻地震中的幸存者。【归纳拓展】(1)in ones search for 寻找(2)search sth./sb. 搜查某物或搜身 search for 寻找( look for) search .for . 为找到而搜查2.belong to 属于；为的一员She belongs to the school computer club. 她是学校计算机俱乐部的成员。3.in return 作为报答；回报An old man gave us some food and water but asked for nothing in return on the island.在那个岛上一位老人给了我们一些食物和水，但没有要求任何回报。【归纳拓展】in return for作为对的回报in turn 依次；逐个地；转而；反过来4. think highly of 对评价高(相当于think much / well of)The English book is highly thought of by the students. 学生对这本书评价很高。【归纳拓展】think ill / poorly / badly of 认为不好speak highly of 高度评价speak well / ill of 说的好/ 坏话三、练习（学生做完下列练习后老师修改，将学生错误的地方让学生自己讲解为何如此做，找出学生的错误点，了解学生的疑惑点。）1）用survive的适当形式填空It is necessary that we master some basic skills, which will greatly increase your chances of _. Luckily, I _ the terrible car crash last week and I was the only _ of the accident.答案：survival; survived; survivor2） 翻一翻1.The naughty boy tried to draw his fathers attention, but he turned around_（design).那个淘气的男孩试图引起他爸爸的注意,但是爸爸故意转过身。2.The experiment_ to test the new drug. （design）这个实验设计目的是为了测试新的药物。3.This special equipment is_a present for my daughter.这个特殊设备是作为礼物设计给我女儿的。答案1.by design / on purpose2. is designed 3. designed as四、小结（让学生整理学案，梳理本堂课的知识点，将难记忆的地方做好标记重点记忆。一、 导入（通过下列句子分析划线部分是做的什么成分，是否可以省去，从而引出限制性定语和非限制性定语。）Be sure to call on us next time when you come to town.This is one of the reasons why you may like to eat it.Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.He lives in another town, which is only about an hours ride from here.二、 讲解（在导入中引导学生可以做出下列的总结）限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思译法上译成先行词的定语：“的”通常译成主句的并列句。 关系词的使用上 A作宾语时可省略B可用thatC可用who 代替whom A不可省略B不用thatC不可用who 代替whom 三、 练习（学生做完下列练习后老师修改，将学生错误的地方让学生自己讲解为何如此做，找出学生的错误点，了解学生的疑惑点。）1. All_ is useful to us is good.A、which B、what C、that D、whether2. Is this factory _ we visited last week.A、where B、that C、which D、the one3. This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.A、that B、when C、which D、where4. She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、when B、what C、which D、why5. This is the factory_we visited last year.A、that B、in which C、what D、the one答案：CDDCA四、小结（让学生整理学案，梳理本堂课的知识点，将难记忆的地方做好标记重点记忆。将错题整理到错题本上。） 一 导入二 讲解1. 从形式上看，限制性定语从句与其先行词紧紧相连，两者没有停顿；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间有逗号隔开。2. 从意义上讲，限制性定语从句用来修饰先行词，两者密不可分；而非限制性定语从句仅仅对先行词作补充性叙述或说明，两者关系不那么紧密。3. 从翻译方法来看，一般来说，限制性定语从句多半译成汉语的前置定语，修饰其后的先行词，非限制性定语从句则往往译成后置的并列从句。例如：This is the house which we bought last year. 这是我们去年买的那幢房子。（限制性） This letter is from his parents, who are working in Tibet. 这封信是他父母写来的，他们在西藏工作。（非限制性） 4. 从关系词的使用来看:(1) that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。(2) 在非限制性定语从句中的关系词不能省略。(3) 非限制性定语从句的关系代词which既可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整句的含义。指代前面整句的含义时，定语从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：She heard the terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. (which指代noise) He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没领会我的意思，这使我心烦。 (Which指代“他似乎没领会我的意思”这个句子。)(4) as在引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句，有“正如，就像”之意。as引导的定语从句可放在主句之前，之中或之后，位置灵活。例如：“我们都知道，吸烟有害健康”这句话可译成： As we know, smoking is harmful to our health.Smoking, as we know, is harmful to our health.Smoking is harmful to our health, as is known to us all.三、练习（学生做完下列练习后老师修改，将学生错误的地方让学生自己讲解为何如此做，找出学生的错误点，了解学生的疑惑点。）1. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is 2. There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. A. a; that B. a; whenC. the; that D. the; when3. Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which4.Professor William keeps telling his students that the future _ to the well-educated. A. belongsB. is belongedC. is belongingD. will be belonged5.I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own A. which B. whereC. howD. Why答案：ABDAB四、小结（让学生整理学案，梳理本堂课的知识点，将难记忆的地方做好标记重点记忆。将错题整理到错题本上。） 学法升华一、 知识收获1. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别。二、方法总结1.可以用四步分析法分析定语从句。一看是人还是物；二看介词在何处；三看句中作何成分；四看是否属于特殊。课后作业作业1：1. The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、who B、whose C、of whom D、which2.Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、where B、that C、of whom D、which3. The man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、to whom B、about whom C、about who D、whom4. In Australia, surfing is a popular sport among young people _ they can seek excitement and adventure.Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dhow5. It was in the garden of his old house _ he grew up that he dug up a pot of gold.Athat Bwhere Cwhich Dwhat6. People who seldom do sports or _ diet is high in fat will put on weight quickly.Awho Bwhose Cwhich Dwhat7. Theyve won their last three matches, _ I find a bit surprising actually.Athat BWhen Cwhat Dwhich8. The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations _ help is needed.Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere参考答案：BABCBBDD作业2：整理教案，并将错题及重难点整理到错题本上。