牛津英语模块三语法.pptx

宾语补足语的用法启明星家教启明星家教 吴耀吴耀模块三第三单元语法-What do you think about Harry Potter?-I find it _.-What happened to the man?-The man was kept _.very interesting/an interesting bookin prison/jail-What are the boys doing？-I find them _-What do you think of MaoZedong?-I think him_playing football(to be)a great man.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：1、名词：、名词：We made him our monitor.We made him our monitor.They thought it good advice.They thought it good advice.They named their daughter Jenny.They named their daughter Jenny.注注注注：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call,name,elect,make,think,appoint,call,name,elect,make,think,appoint,choose,find,consider,keep,wish,feelchoose,find,consider,keep,wish,feel等。等。等。等。注注注注：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：They elected John chairman of the committee.They elected John chairman of the committee.2、形容词：、形容词：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：You should keep your room clean and tidy.You should keep your room clean and tidy.Wed better leave the door open.Wed better leave the door open.注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：的动词有：的动词有：的动词有：believe,think,get,keep,believe,think,get,keep,make,find,like,wish,see,make,find,like,wish,see,consider,prove,have,leave,consider,prove,have,leave,以及以及以及以及paint,drive,turn,cut paint,drive,turn,cut 等。等。等。等。3、现在分词：、现在分词：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：1.Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.1.Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.2.I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.2.I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.3.At this moment she noticed the teacher 3.At this moment she noticed the teacher coming ing in.4、过去分词：、过去分词：1.He watched the TV set carried out of the room.1.He watched the TV set carried out of the room.2.Last year they had their house rebuilt.2.Last year they had their house rebuilt.3.When you speak English,be sure to make 3.When you speak English,be sure to make yourself understood.yourself understood.6 6此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语 5、动词不定式：、动词不定式：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：1.He believed the earth to be a globe.1.He believed the earth to be a globe.2.Would you like me to come along with you?2.Would you like me to come along with you?3.Nobody could make him change his mind.3.Nobody could make him change his mind.1.When do you want it back?1.When do you want it back?2.Why didnt you invite them in?2.Why didnt you invite them in?3.We could hear the children at play outside.3.We could hear the children at play outside.二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：1 1、当当当当名名名名词词词词、形形形形容容容容词词词词、副副副副词词词词和和和和介介介介词词词词短短短短语语语语充充充充当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语时时时时，它它它它们们们们和和和和宾宾宾宾语语语语之之之之间间间间有有有有着着着着逻逻逻逻辑辑辑辑上上上上的的的的主主主主谓谓谓谓关关关关系系系系（或或或或称称称称表表表表语语语语关关关关系系系系），若若若若无无无无宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语，则则则则句句句句意意意意不不不不完完完完整整整整。宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语说说说说明明明明宾宾宾宾语语语语的的的的情情情情况况况况、性性性性质质质质、特特特特征征征征、状状状状态、身份或属类等。态、身份或属类等。态、身份或属类等。态、身份或属类等。1.We made him our monitor.1.We made him our monitor.2.You should keep your room clean and tidy.2.You should keep your room clean and tidy.3.We could hear the children at play outside.3.We could hear the children at play outside.(He is our monitor.)(He is our monitor.)(Your room is clean and tidy.)(Your room is clean and tidy.)(The children are at play outside.)(The children are at play outside.)二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：3 3、当当当当过过过过去去去去分分分分词词词词充充充充当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语时时时时，它它它它与与与与宾宾宾宾语语语语之之之之间间间间有有有有着着着着动动动动宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者 1.I once heard this song sung in Japanese.1.I once heard this song sung in Japanese.2.I didnt want the children taken out in such 2.I didnt want the children taken out in such weather.weather.(This song was once sung in Japanese.)(This song was once sung in Japanese.)(The children were taken out in such weather.)(The children were taken out in such weather.)三三三三、在在在在用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词或或或或不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词中中中中，有有有有些些些些只只只只能能能能用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语；有有有有些些些些只只只只能能能能用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语；还还还还有有有有的的的的动动动动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：1 1、只只只只能能能能用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词有有有有：catch,catch,keep,keep,mind,mind,prevent,stop,smell,excuse prevent,stop,smell,excuse 等。例如：等。例如：等。例如：等。例如：2 2、只只只只能能能能用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词有有有有：wish,wish,desire,desire,expect,expect,prefer,prefer,encourage,encourage,allow,allow,permit,permit,mean,mean,lead,lead,bring,bring,put,put,hurry,hurry,cause,cause,remind,remind,ask,ask,invite,invite,beg,beg,request,request,worry,worry,advise,advise,persuade,persuade,call call on,on,tell,tell,order,order,command,command,require,require,make,make,force,force,drive,drive,forbid,forbid,warn,warn,help,help,teach,teach,show,show,assist,assist,report,report,bear,bear,wait wait for,for,think,think,take,take,know,know,judge,judge,consider,consider,suppose,believe,prove,declaresuppose,believe,prove,declare1.She caught her son smoking a cigarette.1.She caught her son smoking a cigarette.2.His words started me thinking.2.His words started me thinking.三三三三、在在在在用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词或或或或不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词中中中中，有有有有些些些些只只只只能能能能用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语；有有有有些些些些只只只只能能能能用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语；还还还还有有有有的的的的动动动动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：3 3、既既既既能能能能用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词又又又又可可可可用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词有有有有：see,see,watch,watch,notice,notice,look look at,at,observe,observe,listen listen to,to,hear,hear,feel,feel,have,have,imagine,imagine,discover,discover,like,like,want,want,understand,understand,hate,hate,get,get,set,leaveset,leave四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号 toto 的取舍问题：的取舍问题：的取舍问题：的取舍问题：在在hear,listen to,let,have,make,see,watch,notice,observe 等动词后的不定式需省去等动词后的不定式需省去 to。五五五五、在在在在复复复复合合合合宾宾宾宾语语语语中中中中，宾宾宾宾语语语语通通通通常常常常为为为为名名名名词词词词或或或或代代代代词词词词，但但但但有有有有时时时时也也也也可可可可以以以以用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式（短短短短语语语语）、动动动动名名名名词词词词（短短短短语语语语）或或或或thatthat从从从从句句句句来来来来充充充充当当当当。这这这这时时时时，应应应应使使使使用用用用先先先先行行行行it it代代代代替替替替宾宾宾宾语语语语，而而而而将将将将真真真真正正正正的的的的宾宾宾宾语语语语移移移移到到到到句句句句子子子子的后部，如：的后部，如：的后部，如：的后部，如：1.I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.2.Do you consider it any good trying again?2.Do you consider it any good trying again?3.We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us.3.We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us.注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：feel,find,think,make,take,judge,feel,find,think,make,take,judge,consider consider 等。等。等。等。Practice单句改错1.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself understand.2.We all elected Jason the monitor.3.The teacher asked us not make so much noise.4.-What a nice fire you have in your fireplace!-During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.understoodtowarm5.Dont leave the water run while you brush your teeth.6.He pushed the door opening.7.She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.8.With a lot of difficult problems settle,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.9.When I came in,I found a boy hide behind the door.10.It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unfinished.runningopenputtingtohiddenwith1.Tell him _ the window.A.to shut not B.not to shut C.to not shut D.not shut2.-Theres a hole in your bag.-I know,Im going to have it _.A.mend B.mending C.mended D.to be mended3.Though he had often made his little sister _,today he was made _ by his little sister.A.cry;to cry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.to cry;cry4.They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.A.to risk going B.risking to goC.for risk to go D.risk going单项选择单项选择5.I found the door _ when I got home.A.opened B.close C.unlocking D.open6.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do D.do not to7.I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_.A.going on B.goes on C.went on D.to go on8.I advised _ at once.A.him to starting B.him to start C.to starting D.to start 9.When I put my hand on his chest,I could feel his heart still _.A.beat B.to be beating C.beating D.was beating10.You had better get a doctor _ your bad tooth.A.pull out B.to pull out C.pulled out D.pulling out11.He managed to make himself_with his_English.A.understand;breaking B.understand;brokenC.understood;breaking D.understood;broken12.The doctor asked him not to leave his wound _.A.expose B.exposed C.to expose D.exposing The end!2012年4月20日