牛津英语高二-下学期-U1-教学讲义.pptx

Unit 2 The power of images.GrammarNoun clauses used in apposition.Please pick out the noun clauses used in apposition in the reading.The impression that Mr Potts regarded his colleagues as inferiors made him unpopular.(P.17 L.6)In the end,the belief that an illness was making his head change size from day to day led Mr Potts to go to a doctor.(p.17 L.36)同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某些名词的同同位语从句在句中作某些名词的同位语，位语，同位语从句说明其前面的名词的同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句和前面的名词在具体内容。同位语从句和前面的名词在内容上是同一关系内容上是同一关系。Noun clauses can be used in apposition to nouns such as these:announcement/evidence/opinion/chance/wish/conclusion/decision/rumour/belief/idea/possibility/warning/feeling/news/fact/proof/hope/thought/doubt/massage advice、answer,demand、doubt、,evidence,explanationinformation、impression/order、problem、promise、proposal,question、request、report,suggestion、truth、word同位语从句同位语从句:1.若同位语从句意义完整，通常由若同位语从句意义完整，通常由that引导，且引导，且that 不能省略不能省略。eg：1)The news that we won the game is exciting.2)None of us thought of the possibility that the car might run out of petrol during our trip.3)We had to face the fact that the nearest petrol station was 15 miles away.4)They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again.5)We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.1.The thought that we might success excited us.2.The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.3.The suggestion that the plan(should)be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.2.如果句子的意思不完整，如果句子的意思不完整，需添加需添加“是否是否”，“什么时候什么时候”，“什么地方什么地方”，“什么方式什么方式”等等含义时，则用含义时，则用whether,when,where,how 等疑等疑问词引导同位语从句。如：问词引导同位语从句。如：1.The board will make a decision whether or not it should invest in the new project.2.They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.3.The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.4.I have no idea where he lives.在在have no idea之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从引导同位语从句。句。例如：例如：I have no idea where he has gone.我不知道他去了哪里。我不知道他去了哪里。I have no idea what he did.我不知道他做了什么。我不知道他做了什么。I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什么时候回来。我不知道他什么时候回来。Noun clauses in apposition can also be introduced by a question word such as whether,what,who,where,when and how.These noun clauses follow nouns such as idea,clue,question,decision,impression and information.I have no ideawhether it is true.what had happened to himwhen the meeting will begin.where we should gowho he is.how he made it3.有时，为了保持句子的平衡，同位语有时，为了保持句子的平衡，同位语从句可一步紧跟在它修饰的名词后面，从句可一步紧跟在它修饰的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。而被别的词隔开。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.他想到可能玛丽生病了他想到可能玛丽生病了His dream came true that he would become a world famous footballer.4.在在suggestion,order,demand,request,proposal 等名词后的同位语从句中，从等名词后的同位语从句中，从句的谓语动词应该用虚拟语气，即句的谓语动词应该用虚拟语气，即（should）+v原原如，如，1.He made a suggestion that we should have a football match.2.Mary refused Toms request that she should go to see the film with him.5.试比较：试比较：He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.（同位语从句）（同位语从句）The suggestion that he had put forward was turned down.（定语从句）（定语从句）5.注意注意：同位语从句和定语从：同位语从句和定语从句的区别是：前者说明名词的句的区别是：前者说明名词的内容，后者说明名词的性质特内容，后者说明名词的性质特征；征；前者所用连词前者所用连词that在从句在从句中不做成分，后者所用关系代中不做成分，后者所用关系代词词that在从句中做成分。在从句中做成分。Tell the difference1.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.一、同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处1、两种从句都可以译成定语、两种从句都可以译成定语 e.g.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.（同位语从句）我们队取得决赛胜利的我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。The news that you told us is really encouraging.（定语从句）你告诉我们的你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。一、同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处2、两种从句都可以用、两种从句都可以用that引导引导 The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.（同位（同位语从句）语从句）学生应该学些实用的东西的学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。建议值得考虑。The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical.（定语从句）（定语从句）值得考虑的值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。实用的东西。二、同位语从句与定语二、同位语从句与定语 从句的从句的不同之处不同之处1 1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。限定前面的名词。e.g.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.（从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。我们队取得了决赛胜利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句对（从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的，而而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）二、同位语从句与定语二、同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处从句的不同之处2 2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引导引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。词又须在从句中充当成分。e.g.1)Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test.（that 不充当任何成分）不充当任何成分）2)Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。），又在从句中充当主语。）PracticeI.Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能：说出下列从句的功能：A:Appositive（同位语）（同位语）;B:Attributive（定语）（定语）1.His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.4.He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.5.Is this the company where your father works?6.This is the reason that he gave for his absence.3.5.6.II.Choose the best answer1.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China.A.which B.that C.whom D.when2.The fact_ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true.A.that B.which C.when D.what3.I have no idea _he will come back.A.where B.when C.what D.thatExercises 1.Combine the following pairs of sentences,using the words in brackets to help you.Someone said it would snow in July.This made him laugh.The idea thatit would snow in July made him laugh.There might be fireworks.This made them decide to join the celebration.The possibility that there might be fireworks made them decide to join the celebration.It was a sunny day.This led her to wear her sunglasses.The fact that it was a sunny day led her to wear her sunglasses.There would be a storm.This made her want to stay indoors.Her belief that there would be a storm made her want to stay indoors.She heard there would be a test.This did not worry the student.The rumour thatthere would be a test did not worry the student.There would be a party on Saturday.This made Tom very excited.The news that there would be a party on Saturday made Tom very excited1.A question/he/work/finished/in two hours/it/the/is/howIt is a question who he finished the work in two hours.2.The meeting/made/not /whether/go to /she/she/or not/will/a decision/has She has not made a decision whether she will go to the meeting or not.Arrange the words to make complete sentences using noun clauses in apposition.3.Where/clue/went/no/he/have/I I have no clue where he went.4.evidence/say/the money /the police/is/was stolen/there/that 5.Home/the teacher/idea/had/the boy/no/for/school/left/whenThe teacher had no idea when the boy left school for home.The police say there is evidence that the money was stolen.Some examples:Theres a feeling in me that well never know what a UFO is-not ever.(2002 上海卷）上海卷）Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas.(2004 上海春）上海春）A story goes that Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.Some examples:uI have no idea that you were here.uWe expressed the hope that they would come and visit China again.u There can be no doubt that he is qualified for the job.Some examples:uThe question whether he will come or not is not settled.u I have no idea what he said at the meeting.u Danby left word with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon.Some examples:u There is much chance that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.(2006天津卷）天津卷）u No body believed his reason for being absent from class that he had to meet his uncle at the airport.(2006重庆卷）重庆卷）u -Its thirty years since we last met.-But I still remember the story,believe it or not,that we got lost on a rainy night.(2006 辽宁卷）辽宁卷）u Doris success lies in the fact that she is cooperative and eager to learn from others.(2006上海春招）上海春招）uTomorrow is Toms birthday.Have you got any idea where the party is to be held?（2008陕西）陕西）Some examples:u All people,whether they are old or young,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.(2008重庆卷）重庆卷）1.A warm thought suddenly came to me _I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.（06安徽卷）安徽卷）A.if B.when C.that D.which2.Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _he had to meet his uncle at the airport.（06重庆卷）重庆卷）A.why B.that C.where D.becauseCB高考链接高考链接3.-Its thirty years since we last met.-But I still remember the story,believe it or not,_we got lost on a rainy night.（06四川卷）四川卷）A.which B.that C.what D.when4.Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _he had to meet his uncle at the airport.（2006重庆）重庆）A.why B.that C.where D.becauseBB5.There is much chance _Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.（2006天津卷）天津卷）A.that B.which C.until D.if 6.All people,_ they are old or young,rich or poor,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.（08重庆卷）重庆卷）A.even if B.whether C.no matter D.howeverAB8.15.Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon.（05浙江卷）浙江卷）AwhoBthat Cas Dwhich（名词）（名词）B7.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.(05广东卷广东卷)A.which B.that C.what D.whetherB9Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?（05辽宁卷）辽宁卷）AthatBwhat CasDwhich（名词）（名词）10.A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.（04上海卷）上海卷）A.when B.where C.what D.that DBHomework Try to collect more information about“noun clause”,and do more exercises on it after class.The end