概要写作.pptx

SummarywritingWhatistheshortvideomainlyabout?greenwallsandrooftopgardensReason:Benefits:limitedspacebeautifythesurroundingsprovidetheshadeandmakethebuildingcoolerinsummer概要概要+写作写作Summarize+Write1、tofigureoutthestyleandthestructure2、toanalyzeeachparagraph1、paraphrase2、linksentenceswithconnectives概要概要+写作写作Summarize +Write 1、2、tofigureoutthestyleandthestructuretoanalyzeeachparagraphIntroduction BodyConclusion Style：A NarrationB Argumentation C ExpositionExposition:a type of writing to introduce,informinform or explainexplainArgumentation:a type of writing to convinceconvince or persuadepersuade 1 2 3 4 5structure：“reap”method 1）Rethink the logical relationship of sentences2）Explore the division of the paragraph3）Avoid unnecessary information details;examples;4）Put together the key information“reap”methodPara1 Withlimitedspaceforparksandgardens,architectsandcityplannersoftenfinditchallengingtoincludegreeneryinneighborhoodsincities.Onecreativesolutionistogrowplantsonunusedareaslikewallsandrooftops.Itsapopularidea,andnowrooftopgardensandgreenwallshavebeensproutingup（大量冒出）（大量冒出）incitiesaroundtheworld.123solutionproblemresultlimited space;rooftop gardens and green walls;have been sprouting upBecauseoflimitedspace,rooftopgardensandgreenwallshavebeensproutingup.limitedspacegrowplantsonunusedareaslikewallsandrooftopsrooftopgardensandgreenwallshavebeensproutingupPara2:Therearemanybenefitsofhavinggreenspacestotheurbanlandscape.Addinggardenstorooftopsorwallscancreateapleasantenvironmentwhatwasonceagraycement（水泥）（水泥）wallcanbecomeacolorful,bloominggarden.TheCaxiaForumartgalleryinMadrid,Spain,isafamousexampleoneofitswallsiscoveredwith15,000plantsfromover250differentspecies.Therearemanybenefits;createapleasantenvironment123thetopicsentencesexampleTherearemanybenefits.Oneofthemistocreateapleasantenvironment.Therearemanybenefitscreateapleasantenvironment 1）Rethink the logical relationship of sentences2）Explore the division of the paragraph3）Avoid unnecessary information details;examples;4）Put together the key information“reap”methodGroupwork:Toreapmore,pleaseanalyzeparagraph3&4usingmy“reap”method.Para3:Usingplantstocoverwallsandrooftopscanalsokeepcitiescoolerinthesummer.Buildingsandroadsabsorbthesunsheatandholdit,causingabuildingorneighborhoodtostaywarmerlonger.Plants,ontheotherhand,provideanenormousamountofshade.Thereisevidencethatgrowingarooforwallgardencanlowerabuildingsenergycosts.1234thetopicsentencetheresultthereasonUsing plants to cover walls and rooftops can also keep cities cooler in the summer,lower a buildings energy costs.Usingplantstocoverwallsandrooftopscanalsokeepcitiescoolerinthesummer,andlowerabuildingsenergycosts.Usingplantstocoverwallsandrooftopscanalsokeepcitiescoolerinthesummer.lowerabuildingsenergycosts.Para4:InNewYorkCity,publicschoolsplantrooftopgardensthatcanreduceheatingandcoolingcosts.Inadditiontosavingtheschoolmoney,teachersandparentslovethegardensbecauseoftheireducationalvalueitsafunandhealthywayfortheirkidstoinvestigatetheworldaroundthem.“Forthechildren,itsexcitingwhenyougrowsomethingedible（可食用的）（可食用的）,”saidLaurenFontana,principalofaNewYorkpublicschool.123repetitiondetailsthekeysentenceTeachersandparentslovethegardensbecauseoftheireducationalvalueteachersandparentslovethegardensbecauseoftheireducationalvaluePara5：Rooftop gardens and green walls may require a bit more effort to grow and maintain.However,hard work always brings rewards,and with green spaces,the rewards are plentiful.12require a bit more effort to grow and maintain;brings plentiful rewardsTheyrequireabitmoreeffort,butbringplentifulrewards.require a bit more effort to grow and maintainbrings rewardsplentiful“Reap”methodpara1Becauseoflimitedspace,rooftopgardensandgreenwallshavebeensproutingup.para2Therearemanybenefits.Oneofthemistocreateapleasantenvironment.para3Usingplantstocoverwallsandrooftopscanalsokeepcitiescoolerinthesummerandlowerabuildingsenergycosts.para4Teachersandparentslovethegardensbecauseoftheireducationalvaluepara5Theyrequireabitmoreefforts,butbringplentifulrewards.paraphrasePart2WriteTip1:changewordsandphrases（替换字词）（替换字词）Tip2:changethepartofspeech（改变词性）（改变词性）Tip3：changesentencepatterns（改变句式）（改变句式）1）、用主动与被动互换）、用主动与被动互换2）、）、which的非限制性定语从句的非限制性定语从句3）、）、非谓语表达非谓语表达4）、）、并列句并列句5）、）、It形式主语形式主语或者或者宾语宾语6）、）、状语从句状语从句以及状语从句的以及状语从句的省略省略7）、强调句等特殊句式）、强调句等特殊句式8）、反向表达）、反向表达Howtoparaphrasethekeypoints？ParaphrasethekeypointsPara.1:Becauseoflimitedspace,rooftopgardensandgreenwallshavebeensproutingup.1._limitedspace,rooftopgardensandgreenwallshave_.（替换字词替换字词）Dueto2._(lack)space,thecitieshavewitnessedthepopularityofrooftopgardensandgreenwalls.（非谓语表原因）（非谓语表原因）emerged/appeared/enjoyedpopularityLackingin/lacking3.Withspace_(becomelimited),rooftopgardensandgreenwallshaveemerged/appeared/enjoyedpopularity.(with结构结构)becominglimitedParaphrasethekeypointsPara2：Therearemanybenefits.Oneofthemistocreateapleasantenvironment.（替换字词替换字词）numerous/many/lotsofadvantages;offer;provide;foster;agreeable/enjoyable/joyful/delightfulsurroundingsTherearenumerousadvantages,oneofwhichistoofferanagreeable/enjoyablesurroundings.Combinethemtogetherwithnon-restrictiveclause.ParaphrasethekeypointsPara3:Usingplantstocoverwallsandrooftopscanalsokeepcitiescoolerinthesummerandlowerabuildingsenergycosts.Para4:Teachersandparentslovethegardensbecauseoftheireducationalvalue.Para5:Theyrequireabitmoreefforts,butbringplentifulrewards.ParaphrasethekeypointsPara3:Usingplantstocoverwallsandrooftopscanalsokeepcitiescoolerinthesummerandlowerabuildingsenergycosts.1._abuildingsenergy_.3.Usingplantstocoverwallsandrooftopscancoolthecityinthesummer,thus_（cutdown）theexpenseinenergy.cutdown/decrease/reduce/lessen（用非谓语动词表结果）（用非谓语动词表结果）2.Usingplantstocoverwallsandrooftopscanalso_citiesinthesummer.（改变词性）（改变词性）expense/spendingcool（同义替换）（同义替换）cuttingdownPara4:Teachersandparentslovethegardensbecauseoftheireducationalvalue1.Teachersandparents_thegardensfortheireducationalfunction.（替换字词）（替换字词）2.Thegardens_byteachersandparents（转变语态）（转变语态）prefer/like/valuearevaluedfortheireducationalfunction/role3._thegardenseducationalvalue_attractsteachersandparents.(强调句强调句)4.Thegardensplaysanimportantroleineducation,_attractsteachersandparents.(定语从句定语从句)5.Thegardensplaysanimportantroleineducation,thus_teachersandparents.(非谓语表结果非谓语表结果)ItisthatwhichParaphrasethekeypointsappealingtoPara5:Theyrequireabitmoreefforts,butbringplentifulrewards.1.Theyrequireabitmoreefforts,but_.3._(makemoreefforts)cangreengardensproduceamplerewards.4.Thoughmoreefforts_,wewillreceiveabundantrewards.（转变语态）（转变语态）（替换字词）（替换字词）2.Thoughtricky/hardtohandle/maintain,greengardensaretruly_.（换词性）（换词性）produce/createrewardingOnlybymakingmoreefforts（only倒装句）倒装句）arerequiredParaphrasethekeypoints/ensureabundant/many/plentyofbenefitsLinksentenceswithconnectivestomakeapassageIntroduction(topic）Body（benefits）Conclusion(results)Duetothelimitedspaceincities,rooftopgardensandgreenwallshaveemerged._istoofferanagreeablesurroundings._,shadecanbecreatedtomakecitiesstaycoolerlonger,thusreducingthecostsinenergy._,greengardensinschoolbeareducationalvalueofchildrensexploringtheworld._,thoughhardtomaintain,greenspacesincitiesensureabundantrewards.OnebenefitBesidesAdditionallyInconclusionHow to write a summaryTips To figure out the style and the structureParaphrase SummarizeSummarizeSummarizeSummarizeToanalyzeeachparagraphusing“reap”method1.Rethinkthelogicalrelationshipofsentences2.Explorethedivisionoftheparagraph3.Avoidunnecessaryinformationdetails;examples;4.PuttogetherthekeyinformationWriteWriteWriteWrite Link sentences with connectives HomeworkWriteasummaryofapassageusingtheskillswehavelearnt.