七年级下册语法总结省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

人教版英语七年级下册教材详解人教版英语七年级下册教材详解 国家国家人语言某国，某国人国家国家人语言某国，某国人America;America;美国美国the United States(the the United States(the U.S.A)AmericanEnglishAmericanBritainU.S.A)AmericanEnglishAmericanBritain英国；英国；England;the United England;the United Kingdom(the U.K.)EnglishmanEnglishBritishFrance Kingdom(the U.K.)EnglishmanEnglishBritishFrance 法国法国FrenchmanFrenchFrenchJapanFrenchmanFrenchFrenchJapan日本日本JapaneseJapaneseJapaneseChinaJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseChina中国中国ChineseChineseChineseCanadaChineseChineseChineseCanada加拿大加拿大CanadianEnglish,CanadianEnglish,FrenchCanadianlive FrenchCanadianlive 动词，表动词，表“居住；生存居住；生存”，短语有：，短语有：live on live on 以以为食；以为食；以为生为生 Tigers live on meat.Tigers live on meat.live in live in 住在某地住在某地 He lives in Beijing.He lives in Beijing.dislike dislike 不喜欢（不喜欢（=dont/doesnt/didnt like=dont/doesnt/didnt like）如：）如：I dislike to go to the I dislike to go to the cinema.cinema.重点句子重点句子 Where is he from?=Where does he come from?Where is he from?=Where does he come from?He is from Japan.=He doesnt come from Japan.He is from Japan.=He doesnt come from Japan.Where does he live?-He Where does he live?-He lives inlives in Tokyo.Tokyo.Please write to me soon.(write to sb.Please write to me soon.(write to sb.写信给某人写信给某人=write a letter to sb.)=write a letter to sb.)第1页UNIT 21、street表“街道”，短语：on/inthestreet在街道上。2、介词短语near在附近nextto紧挨着acrossfrom在对面between.and在和之间infrontof在外面前面：Thereisatreeinfrontofahouse.inthefrontof在里面前面：Theteacherisinthefrontoftheclassroom.behind在外面后面：Theballisbehindthedoor.inthebackof在里面后面Myfriendsitsinthebackoftheclassroom.3、through,across，over,和past都是介词，不能单独做谓语，必须与动词连用才能做谓语。1）through从物体内部穿过，如：walkthroughaforest.穿过一个森林2）past从物体外面绕过,如：walkpastapostoffice经过一个邮局3）across从物体表面横穿，如：goacrosstheroad横穿马路4）over从物体上空越过,如：flyoverthecity飞过城市【注意】pass（经过），cross(横穿)都是动词，可作谓语，相当于“动词+past/across”.如：Ipass(walkpast)apostofficeeveryday.Dontcross(walkacross)theroad.4、straight形容词，笔直，直：Shehasstraighthair.她长着直发。副词，直接地Gostraightdowntheroadandthenturnleft.5、turn(1)动词，拐turnleft向左拐(2)名词，拐弯Noleftturn!禁止左拐弯第2页6、on the right 在右边，在右边，on the left 在左边在左边7、open(1)动词，打开动词，打开 Open the door.(2)形容词，开着形容词，开着 The door is open.【注意】【注意】close 动词，关动词，关 closed 形容词，关着。形容词，关着。The door is closed.8、clean(1)动词，清扫动词，清扫 He is cleaning the room.(2)形容词，洁净形容词，洁净 The room is clean.9、Welcome to+名词，表欢迎到某地名词，表欢迎到某地 Welcome to China.但但Welcome back home.(home 为副词，副词能为副词，副词能够直接修饰动词。所以，前不用介词够直接修饰动词。所以，前不用介词to)10、enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事喜欢做某事（enjoy 后只能接动名词后只能接动名词v-ing）I enjoy .(read)11、walk 可作名词，如：可作名词，如：take a walk 散步；散步；twenty minutes walk 20分钟步行分钟步行12、beginning 名词，开始名词，开始 Its a good beginning.那是一个好开端。那是一个好开端。短语有：短语有：the beginning of 开始；开始；at the beginning of 在在,开始；开始；in the middle of 在在中间；中间；at the end of 在在最终最终13、visit(1)及物动词及物动词 参观参观,访问访问visit Beijing 探望探望 visit my grandpa.(2)名词，短语：名词，短语：on a visit to 参观某地参观某地 They are on a visit to Beijing.=They are visiting Beijing.14、have fun 玩得开心，过得愉快玩得开心，过得愉快=enjoy oneself=have a good timehave fun doing sth.在做某事中过很愉快在做某事中过很愉快 I have fun English.(learn)15、hope 希望，后不接双宾语，既不能说希望，后不接双宾语，既不能说hope sb.to do sth.如：如：I hope him to help me.()但可接宾语从句，此句可改为但可接宾语从句，此句可改为 I hope(that)he can help me.16、重点句子：、重点句子：(1)问路问路 Where is the hotel?-Its next to/behind/in front of the school.Can you tell me the way to the hotel?(the way to 去某地路去某地路)(2)指路指路 Go straight and turn left at New Park.笔直往前走，在新公园向左拐。笔直往前走，在新公园向左拐。Go through Six Avenue.穿过六街穿过六街 Go down the street and its on your left.沿着街往下走，它在你左边。沿着街往下走，它在你左边。第3页.1、动物名称词、动物名称词 tiger,elephant,dolphin,panda,lion,penguin企鹅企鹅,giraffe长颈鹿长颈鹿,koala.树袋熊树袋熊2、形容词：、形容词：cute可爱可爱,clever 聪明，聪明，smart聪明可爱聪明可爱,ugly 丑陋，丑陋，friendly 友好；友好；beautiful 漂亮；漂亮；shy 害羞；害羞；lazy 懒惰。懒惰。3、(1)other 形容词，别，其它。形容词，别，其它。What other things do you want?=What else do you want?(2)others 代词，还有一些。常与代词，还有一些。常与some 连用。（连用。（some,some,others一些一些.,一些一些,还有一还有一些）如些）如:There are many flowers,some are red,some are white,others are yellow.(3)another 表又一个，另一个。表又一个，另一个。Have another cup of tea.再喝一杯茶（已经喝了几杯）再喝一杯茶（已经喝了几杯）(4)the other（二者中）剩下（二者中）剩下 I have two pen,.One is red,the other(one)is black.(5)the others 其余人或物其余人或物 There is only ten boys in my class,the others(=the other students)are boys.【注意】【注意】others 和和 the others 是代词，代替一些人或物。它们后不加名词，使用方法同名词性物主是代词，代替一些人或物。它们后不加名词，使用方法同名词性物主代词（代词（yours,hers,ours.）4、sleep 动词，睡觉。从上床到熟睡过程有：动词，睡觉。从上床到熟睡过程有：feel sleepy感到困倦感到困倦 go to bed上床上床 fall asleep/go to sleep入睡入睡 be asleep/sleeping睡着了睡着了wake up醒来醒来 be awake醒着醒着 Last night,I felt sleepy.And I went to bed early.After reading some stories,I fell asleep.When I was sleeping,the clock woke me up.Since then,I was awake till the next morning.during 表在表在期间，常能够与期间，常能够与in 替换。如：替换。如：during the day=in the day 在白天。在白天。at night=in the night 在晚上在晚上relax 动词，放松，休息。动词，放松，休息。We can relax(ourselves)on weekends.【扩展】【扩展】relaxing 令人放松，轻松。令人放松，轻松。Relaxed 感到放松。加感到放松。加ing 表表“令人令人”，加，加ed表表“感到感到”，类似词有：类似词有：exciting(令人兴奋令人兴奋),excited（感到兴奋）（感到兴奋）;interesting(令人感到有趣令人感到有趣)，interested（感到有趣），（感到有趣），surprising 令人感到吃惊，令人感到吃惊，surprised 感到吃惊。感到吃惊。8、play with 和某人玩和某人玩 I like to play with you（2）玩弄某物）玩弄某物 Look,the boy is playing with a basketball.(比较：比较：play with a basketball玩篮球；玩篮球；play basketball 打篮球打篮球)9、重点句子：、重点句子：What animal do you like?你喜欢什么动物？你喜欢什么动物？What other animals do you like?你还喜欢别什么动物？你还喜欢别什么动物？Why do you like dogs?-Because they are friendly and clever.(Why问句用问句用because 答答)Unit 3第4页.1 1、give sb.sth give sb.sth 给某人某物给某人某物=give sth.to sb.=give sth.to sb.把某物给某人把某物给某人 Give me the book.=Give the book to me.Give me the book.=Give the book to me.2 2、put on put on 穿穿 wear wear 穿着；穿着；He got up quickly,and He got up quickly,and his uniform.his uniform.Look,he is Look,he is a uniform.a uniform.3 3、teach sb.sth.teach sb.sth.教某人某事，教某人某事，不能说成不能说成 teach ones sth teach ones sth 教某人某事。教某人某事。Mr Liu teaches our EnglishMr Liu teaches our English。（改错）。（改错）。4 4、kind of=a littlekind of=a little一点一点 My work is kind of dangerous.My work is kind of dangerous.A kind of A kind of 一个一个 Dogs are a kind of friendly animals.Dogs are a kind of friendly animals.5 5、go out to dinners go out to dinners 到外面吃饭，下馆子。到外面吃饭，下馆子。Im busy,lets go out to dinners.Im busy,lets go out to dinners.6 6、重点句子：、重点句子：（1 1）问职业：）问职业：What does your father do?=What is your fathers job?=What is What does your father do?=What is your fathers job?=What is your father?your father?（2 2）问理想：）问理想：What do you want to be?What do you want to be?你想成为何？你想成为何？-I want to be a teacher.-I want to be a teacher.（3 3）We have a job We have a job forfor you you asas a waiter.(for a waiter.(for表适合于；表适合于；as as 表作为表作为)（4 4）Do you want to Do you want to work forwork for a magazine?(work for a magazine?(work for 为为 工作、效力工作、效力)（5 5）Do you like to Do you like to work withwork with other young people?(other young people?(和某人一起工作，合作和某人一起工作，合作)（6 6）Do you want to Do you want to be inbe in the school play?(be in the school play?(be in 参加参加)（7 7）We We wantwant a P.E.teacher a P.E.teacher to to teach soccer.(want sb.to do sth.teach soccer.(want sb.to do sth.想要某人去做某事想要某人去做某事)Unit 4第5页.1、介词on还能够用于电子媒体前，如:onthephone,onTV,ontheradio,ontheInternet;onthecomputer.题：IoftenlearnEnglishtheradio.(A.inB.onC.at)2、wait是不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，须与for连用。Waitme()waitforme()3、去购物=dosomeshopping4、语法：现在进行时态结构：be(am,is,are)+v-ing.现在进行时态使用方法：表示正在进行动作Iamwritingaletternow.(常与now,listen,look等词连用)表示最近一直在做一件事（但说话时不一定在进行）IamreadingHarryPotterthesedays.（常与thesedays/weeks等连用）表示即将发生动作Iamcoming.我马上来。（这类动词常表位置移动：go,leavefor,visit,arrive等）表示总是出现事情（含有感情色彩，批评或表彰，常与always连用）Heisalwaysborrowingmoneyfromme.他老是找我借钱。（批评）Heisalwayshelpingothers.他总是帮助他人。（表彰）5、重点句子：(1)Whatshewaitingfor?等什么(2)Whoaretheytalkingto?和谁谈(3)Whataretheytalkingabout?谈论什么Unit 5第6页.【注意】【注意】whatwhat和和who who 分别是代事物和人疑问代词，作分别是代事物和人疑问代词，作wait for,talk wait for,talk to,talk about to,talk about 宾语，而宾语，而wait,talkwait,talk都是不及物动词，所以后要加介词，都是不及物动词，所以后要加介词，即即 wait for what,talk to who,talk about what wait for what,talk to who,talk about what。疑问代词还有，疑问代词还有，which,whom which,whom 等。等。问时间问时间when,when,地点地点 Where Where，方式，方式 how how 等不是代替人或事物词都是等不是代替人或事物词都是疑问副词，因为副词能够直接修饰动词，所以不及物动词能够直接疑问副词，因为副词能够直接修饰动词，所以不及物动词能够直接使用，如使用，如:WhereWhere are they are they talkingtalking?（talk talk后不带后不带toto）When When will he arrive?(arrive will he arrive?(arrive 后不加后不加at,in)at,in)（4 4）Here are Here are some ofsome of my photos.my photos.我照片中一些在这儿。我照片中一些在这儿。【注意】【注意】of of 可表可表“中中”，如，如;one of;one of 中之一；中之一；some of some of 中中一些；一些；many of many of 中很多中很多;most of;most of 中大多数。中大多数。Some,many,most Some,many,most 也能够不与也能够不与of of 连用，后直接接名词，连用，后直接接名词，如如 some of my photos some of my photos 或或 some photos of mine,some photos of mine,不能说成不能说成 some my photos.some my photos.（5 5）I I am witham with my sister Gina.(be with sb my sister Gina.(be with sb 和某人在一起和某人在一起)第7页.1、rain(1)名词，雨Dontgooutintherain.Itisaheavyrain.(2)动词，下雨Itisgoingtorain.rainy形容词，下雨。Itisrainy/raining.Idontlikearainyday.2.snow(1)名词，雪Snowiswhite.(2)动词，下雪Itsnowedheavily/hardyesterday.snowy形容词，下雪Itissnowy/snowing.3.cloud名词，云cloudy多云；wind风windy有风；sun太阳sunny晴朗4.cook动词，煮，做饭。Heiscooking.名词，厨师Myfatherisacook.cooker名词，炊具,锅Acookusesacookertocookmeat.5.study和learn区分，他们都表学习，常可交换，但study有研究意思，比learn学得深一些。Ienjoystudying/learningEnglish.6.Lie有平躺，位于意思，lie还有撒谎意思。Lay意思为放，搁，下蛋。其过去式、过去分词、现在分词以下：lie(平躺，位于)laylainlying如：Heislyingonthebeach.ItliesinHubei.lie(撒谎)liedliedlying如：Dontlietome.lay(放，搁，下蛋)laidlaidlaying如：Helaidhiscoatonthebed.题：Dontyourcoatonthefloor.Iteasilygetsdirty.A.lieB.layC.liedD.laid7.Cool清凉Itscoolinfall.好极了Theylookcool.8.heat名词，热量Iamsurprisedtheycanplayinthisheat.(在这么高温下)动词，给加热heatthemilk9.短语：Onvacation在度假takeaphoto拍照lookat朝看haveagood/great/wonderfultime玩得高兴，过得愉快=enjoyoneself=havefun.inthisheat.在这么高温下10、重点句子：(1)问天气:Howstheweather?=Whatstheweatherlike?-Itssunny/windy/cloudy/raining.(2)Howsitgoing?(你过得)怎样？-Prettygood相当好/Great很好/Notbad还能够/Terrible真糟糕Unit 6第8页.1、describe 动词，描述动词，描述 Words can not describe my feelings.言语不能描述我感受。言语不能描述我感受。description 名词名词,描述描述 Your description of the man is correct.你对他描述是正确。你对他描述是正确。2、following 下面，放于所修饰词前，如：下面，放于所修饰词前，如：the following words 下面单词。同义词下面单词。同义词below(下下面面)和反义词和反义词above(上面上面)都用于所修饰词后，如：都用于所修饰词后，如：the words below/above.3、look for 寻找；寻找；find找到；找到；I looked for it everywhere,but I cant find it anywhere.4、talk about 谈论；谈论；talk to/with 和某人交谈和某人交谈5、improve 动词，改进，提升。动词，改进，提升。I tried my best to improve my English.6、in order to 表表“为了为了”，后接动词原形。，后接动词原形。I get up early in order to catch the early bus.【扩展】【扩展】in order to=so as to 表表“为了，方便为了，方便”后都接动词原形后都接动词原形,否定形式分别为：否定形式分别为：in order not to 和和 so as not to 如：如：She got up early in order to/so as to catch the early bus.in order to 可放句首，而可放句首，而so as to 不能。不能。so as to 可分开使用，而可分开使用，而 in order to 不能。不能。如：如：The teacher spoke so slowly as to be understood by the students.(2)so that 和和 in order that 都表都表“为了，方便为了，方便”后都接句子。后都接句子。so that引导从句只能放在句中，而引导从句只能放在句中，而in order that引导从句既可放在句首也可放在句中。另引导从句既可放在句首也可放在句中。另外，外，so that还可引导结果状语从句，意为还可引导结果状语从句，意为“所以，结果所以，结果”，比如：，比如：She got up early so that/in order that she could catch the early bus.(为了，方便为了，方便)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest.（所以）（所以）第9页1、popular adj.受欢迎，流行。短语：受欢迎，流行。短语：be popular with 受某人欢迎受某人欢迎 Li Yuchun is popular with young people.李宇春受年轻人欢迎。李宇春受年轻人欢迎。2、tall与与high 都指高，但都指高，但tall惯用于人、树木等细长物（反义词惯用于人、树木等细长物（反义词short短、矮），短、矮），high 用于指物而不指人（反用于指物而不指人（反义词义词low低）。如：低）。如：a tall man,a high mountain.【扩展】【扩展】tall/high 是形容词，名词为是形容词，名词为height（高度），如：（高度），如：The mountain is high,the height of it is 5 kilometers above the sea.类似有：类似有：long 长长 length 长度；长度；wide宽宽width 宽度；宽度；heavy重重 weight重量重量3、a little bit 一点儿一点儿4、joke 名词，笑话。名词，笑话。He loves to tell jokes（讲笑话）（讲笑话）【短语】【短语】play a joke on sb.开某人玩笑开某人玩笑 He likes to play a joke on me.5、stop doing sth.停顿正在做事情；停顿正在做事情；stop to do sth.=stop doing A to do B 停下来去做另件事停下来去做另件事 比较：比较：stop talking（停顿讲话）；（停顿讲话）；stop to talk（开始讲话）。类似有：（开始讲话）。类似有：go on dong sth.继续做某事（同件事）；继续做某事（同件事）；go on to do sth.接着去做某事（另件事）接着去做某事（另件事）题题:You have worked for a long time.You should stop (have)a rest.You should stop （smoke）.Its bad for your health.people 和和 person（1）person指指人人，是可数名词。指详细人，侧重于个体，无男女性别之分，常和数词连用，普通用于数，是可数名词。指详细人，侧重于个体，无男女性别之分，常和数词连用，普通用于数目不大且比较准确场所。比如：目不大且比较准确场所。比如：A young person came in.一位年轻人走了进来。一位年轻人走了进来。（2）people 泛指泛指人们人们，是集体名词，做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。比如：，是集体名词，做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。比如：Some people speak French in this country.在这个国家一部分人讲法语。在这个国家一部分人讲法语。【扩展】【扩展】people还可表示还可表示民族；种族民族；种族，是可数名词，其复数形式为，是可数名词，其复数形式为peoples。比如：。比如：There are fifty-six peoples in China.中国有中国有56个民族。个民族。题：题：The on the bike is my sister.There are a lot of in the room.look 除作动词除作动词“看看”，还可作名词，惯用复数，表，还可作名词，惯用复数，表“长相长相”。如：。如：She has good looks.关开Unit 7第10页.8 8、remember remember 动词，记得。动词，记得。remember doing sth.remember doing sth.记得做过某事（做过）；记得做过某事（做过）；remember to remember to do sth.do sth.记得要去做某事（事还没做）。类似使用方法动词有记得要去做某事（事还没做）。类似使用方法动词有 forget doing sth.forget doing sth.忘记做过忘记做过某事；某事；forget to do sth.forget to do sth.忘记要做某事。如：忘记要做某事。如：I remember/forget telling you.I remember/forget telling you.我记得我记得/忘记告诉过你了忘记告诉过你了(告诉你已经发生过告诉你已经发生过)；I will remember to tell you.=I wont forget to tell you I will remember to tell you.=I wont forget to tell you我将记得告诉你。我将记得告诉你。(当前还没当前还没告诉告诉)1010、not any morenot any more(1)not.any more=no more(1)not.any more=no more表示次数不再继续；如：表示次数不再继续；如：I wont be late any more.=I will be no more late.I wont be late any more.=I will be no more late.(2)not.any longer=no longer(2)not.any longer=no longer表示时间不再继续。如：表示时间不再继续。如：You are not a child any longer.=You are no longer a child.You are not a child any longer.=You are no longer a child.1111、nobody=not anybody nobody=not anybody 没人没人 There is nobody in the room.=There is not anybody There is nobody in the room.=There is not anybody in the room.in the room.1212、Class Five,Grade Nine=Class 5Class Five,Grade Nine=Class 5，Grade 9 (Grade 9 (九年级九年级5 5班班)【注意】专有名词要大写，名词在前，数字在后，前不用【注意】专有名词要大写，名词在前，数字在后，前不用 the.the.题：题：She is in She is in .A.room 102 B.102 Room C.the Room 102 D.Room 102 A.room 102 B.102 Room C.the Room 102 D.Room 102 1313、Yes,thats her.Yes,thats her.那就是她。那就是她。Its me.Its me.是我。（用代词宾格是我。（用代词宾格her,me her,me）1414、the captain of the captain of 队长队长 He is the captain of basketball team.(captain He is the captain of basketball team.(captain 还表还表“船长，船长，机长机长”)”)1515、重点句子、重点句子（1 1）问长相：）问长相：What does he look like?-He is What does he look like?-He is of medium height/buildof medium height/build.他中等身高他中等身高/体型。体型。短语短语:be of medium height/build:be of medium height/build 中等身高中等身高/体型体型（2 2）She She is is tall.She tall.She hashas curly hair.curly hair.她很高，长着卷发。她很高，长着卷发。动词动词be be 后常接形容词作表语，用来描述主语是怎样。后常接形容词作表语，用来描述主语是怎样。have have 除了表除了表“吃喝；有吃喝；有”意意思外，还能够表思外，还能够表“长着长着”，He has two big eyes.He has two big eyes.第11页.1 1、drink drink 除了表除了表“喝喝”，还能够作名词，表饮料，惯用复数。，还能够作名词，表饮料，惯用复数。2 2、不可数名词不能直接用数词来修饰，须与数量词连用，结构为：数词、不可数名词不能直接用数词来修饰，须与数量词连用，结构为：数词+量词量词+of+of+名词。名词。如如a cup of tea two cupa cup of tea two cups s of tea of tea 两杯茶两杯茶;a bowl of rice two bowl;a bowl of rice two bowls s of of ricerice两碗米饭两碗米饭 a bag of salt two baga bag of salt two bags s of salt of salt两袋盐两袋盐;a bottle of water two bottle;a bottle of water two bottles s of of water water 两瓶水两瓶水 【注意】数词大于【注意】数词大于1 1，量词要用复数，但不可数名词没有复数。可数名词也能，量词要用复数，但不可数名词没有复数。可数名词也能够与数量词连用，但要用复数形式。如：够与数量词连用，但要用复数