Book4Unit1WomenofAchievementGrammar省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

第第1页页第第2页页第第3页页Look at the following two sentences from the text and observe the differences between them.Examples:Our group are all going to visit them in the forest.Our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon.第第4页页If the word group refers to different members,use a plural verb.If the word group is considered as a whole,use a singular verb.Here are some other nouns that can be used in the same way:class,family,the public,team,police,group,government,college,school,crowd,audience,etc.第第5页页主谓一致是指主语要和谓语动词保持主谓一致是指主语要和谓语动词保持人称和数一致。人称和数一致。第第6页页主谓一致主要有以下几个情况：主谓一致主要有以下几个情况：语法一致是指句子主语和谓语在语语法一致是指句子主语和谓语在语法形式上一致，即谓语动词单复数形式法形式上一致，即谓语动词单复数形式依主语单复数形式而定。依主语单复数形式而定。主语为单数时主语为单数时谓语动词用单数，主语为复数时谓语动谓语动词用单数，主语为复数时谓语动词也用复数。词也用复数。第第7页页1.and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语时候词作主语时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：谓语动词有以下两种情况：1)假如指两个或两个以上不一样人或事假如指两个或两个以上不一样人或事 物时候物时候,谓语动词用复数。谓语动词用复数。He and I _ both students of this school.我和他都是这个学校学生。我和他都是这个学校学生。are第第8页页 The singer and dancer _ going to give us a performance.那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们演出。那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们演出。The knife and fork _ on the table.刀叉在桌子上。刀叉在桌子上。isis2)但假如连接两个以上名词指是同但假如连接两个以上名词指是同 一个人或物一个人或物,或者指同一概念时候或者指同一概念时候,谓谓语要用单数。语要用单数。第第9页页2.假如主语是假如主语是不定式不定式,动词动词ing形式形式或或主语主语从句从句时候时候,谓语动词用谓语动词用。What he is doing very important.Collecting stamps his hobby.seemsis单数单数单一概念注意：注意：What引导主语从句中假如从句谓语是引导主语从句中假如从句谓语是复数或者从句后表语是复数，则谓语动词用复数或者从句后表语是复数，则谓语动词用复数复数。What we need qualified teachers.我们需要是合格教师。我们需要是合格教师。are第第10页页 3.定语从句定语从句关系代词关系代词who,which,that 在在从句中作主语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语时，定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词人称和数保持一致。动词要与先行词人称和数保持一致。Those who singing may join us.Tom,who your friend,should help you.enjoy is第第11页页4.假如句子中有这些连接词假如句子中有这些连接词(with,along with,together with,as well as,besides,like,without,except,but,including)和和主语连用主语连用,谓语动词数随谓语动词数随主语主语改变而改改变而改变。变。The teacher,together with his students,planting trees in the street.老师和他学生们正在街上植树。老师和他学生们正在街上植树。is第第12页页就近一致是指谓语动词人称和数与它就近一致是指谓语动词人称和数与它最邻近名词或代词保持一致。最邻近名词或代词保持一致。either.or;neither.nor;not only.but also,whether.or 在句子中连接主语在句子中连接主语时候或者在时候或者在there be句型中句型中,谓语动词要谓语动词要和就近主语保持一致。和就近主语保持一致。第第13页页e.g.Neither you nor I wrong.There a cup of tea and some apples on the table.Not only the students but also the teacher for a holiday.amiswishes第第14页页概念一致标准是指谓语动词和主语一致概念一致标准是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语语法形式不是取决于主语语法形式,而是其而是其实际实际意义意义。有主语名词在形式上是单数有主语名词在形式上是单数,但但在意义上却是复数；有主语名词在形式在意义上却是复数；有主语名词在形式上是复数上是复数,但在意义上却是单数。但在意义上却是单数。第第15页页 1.不定代词不定代词all,more,some,any,none作主语作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples _ rotten.全部苹果都烂了。全部苹果都烂了。All of the apple _ rotten.整个苹果都烂了。整个苹果都烂了。are is第第16页页None of the money _ left.没有剩下一点钱。没有剩下一点钱。None of the students _ there.没有学生在那里。没有学生在那里。is is第第17页页2.复合不定代词复合不定代词作主语作主语,谓语动词要用谓语动词要用 ，如，如someone,somebody,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等。等。Someone _ asking for you.有些人找你。有些人找你。Nothing _ found in the room.在屋子里什么也没找到。在屋子里什么也没找到。isis单数单数第第18页页3.the rest of,half of,part of,majority of,percent of,one third of等在句子等在句子中加名词作主语时候中加名词作主语时候,谓语动词与谓语动词与of后面名词后面名词保持一致。保持一致。第第19页页Half of the students _ finished theircomposition.二分之一学生已经完成了他们作文。二分之一学生已经完成了他们作文。Half of the apple _ bad.二分之一苹果坏了。二分之一苹果坏了。About 60 percent of the students in ourschool _ boys.我们学校我们学校,大约百分之六十学生是男大约百分之六十学生是男生。生。haveisare第第20页页4.集体名词作主语集体名词作主语,动词能够用单数动词能够用单数,也也能够用复数能够用复数。由句子意思决定。强调。由句子意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时,动词则用复数。常见集体名词有动词则用复数。常见集体名词有public,family,class,crowd,population,team,group等。等。第第21页页His family _ going out.他们全家要外出。他们全家要外出。His family _ all music lovers.他们全家人都是音乐兴趣者。他们全家人都是音乐兴趣者。is are 第第22页页5.一些名词如一些名词如people,police,cattle等等,形形式上是单数式上是单数,但意义上是复数但意义上是复数,谓语动谓语动词应用复数。词应用复数。people指指“民族民族”时是例时是例外。外。The police _ searching for a thief.The cattle _ eating grass on the hill.areare第第23页页6.只用作单数不可数集合名词如只用作单数不可数集合名词如clothing,poetry,baggage/luggage,furniture,machinery,scenery,jewellery,equipment等做主语时，谓语动词要用等做主语时，谓语动词要用。Much equipment _ needed in our lab.Tang poetry high popularity all over the world.唐诗享誉世界。唐诗享誉世界。isenjoys单数单数第第24页页只用作单数不可数只用作单数不可数集合名词如集合名词如clothing,poetry,baggage/luggage,furniture,machinery,scenery,jewellery,equipment机构、团体机构、团体有生命有生命集体集体只用作只用作复数集复数集体名词体名词people,police,cattle可单可复集可单可复集体名词体名词public,family,class,crowd,population,team,group无生命事物总无生命事物总称称第第25页页6.一些名词如一些名词如clothes,trousers,shoes,glasses等等,通常只用其复数形式通常只用其复数形式,但但当它们被当它们被a pair of 修饰时修饰时,谓语动词谓语动词用单数。用单数。The pair of shoes _ worn out.这双鞋破了。这双鞋破了。The shoes _worn out.鞋子破了。鞋子破了。isare第第26页页7.一些名词以一些名词以s结尾如结尾如maths,politics,physics,news,plastics等等,谓语动词应谓语动词应用用。Physics a very interesting subject.物理是一门很有趣学科。物理是一门很有趣学科。单数单数is第第27页页8.every.and every.;each.and each.;no.and no.在以上短在以上短 语语中中and连接连接单数名词单数名词,整个短语整个短语 在句中作主语时在句中作主语时,谓语动词常使用谓语动词常使用 。Each man and each woman asked to attend.单数单数is第第28页页Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent.班级中每个男孩女孩都很用功。班级中每个男孩女孩都很用功。No sound and no voice is heard.听不到任何声音。听不到任何声音。第第29页页9.以以a number of作主语时作主语时,谓语动词用复谓语动词用复数数;以以the number of 作主语时作主语时,谓语动谓语动词用单数。词用单数。A number of new books _ on the desk.The number of students in you class _ 50.areis第第30页页10.有些名词有些名词单复数同形单复数同形,作主语时候作主语时候,其谓其谓语动词由上下文决定语动词由上下文决定,这一类名词有这一类名词有:means,works,deer,fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese等。等。Not every means _ useful.不是每种方法都好使。不是每种方法都好使。Not all means _ useful.不是全部方法都好使。不是全部方法都好使。isare第第31页页11.many a,more than one,one and a half与与单数名词单数名词组成短语组成短语,谓语用谓语用单数单数。Many a boy has seen it.许多孩子都看到了。许多孩子都看到了。12.书刊名、书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡时间、距离、价格、度量衡等等复数名词作主语时复数名词作主语时,谓语动词惯用谓语动词惯用单数单数。Thirty years is not a long time.Roots is a famous American novel.第第32页页1.this kind of book=a book of this kind(这种书这种书),其谓语用单数其谓语用单数;短语短语this kind of men=men of this kind=these kind of men(口语口语)(这一类人这一类人),但但this kind of men谓语用单数谓语用单数,men of this kind和和these kind of men谓语用复数谓语用复数,all kinds of后跟复数名词后跟复数名词,谓语用复数谓语用复数形式。形式。如：如：注意注意:第第33页页 This kind of men is dangerous.Men of this kind are dangerous.2.在主谓倒装句子中在主谓倒装句子中,谓语动词数应与其谓语动词数应与其后主语一致。后主语一致。如如:Between the two windows hangs a picture.第第34页页3.“分数或百分数分数或百分数+名词名词”组成短语以及组成短语以及由由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of,a heap of,heaps of,half of+名词名词”组成短语作主语时组成短语作主语时,其谓语动其谓语动词要与短语中词要与短语中of后面名词数保持一致后面名词数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面名词是这是因为短语中后面名词是中心词中心词,而短语中前面量词是修饰语。而短语中前面量词是修饰语。如如:第第35页页Lots of damage was caused by fire.About three-fourths of the earths surface is covered with water.Three-fifths of the workers here are women.和这种情况类似还有和这种情况类似还有“a number of+名名词复数词复数”。不过。不过,“the number of+名词名词”中心词却是中心词却是number。试比较：试比较：第第36页页A number of students have gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.The number of pages in this book is two hundred.第第37页页注意注意:a(large)quantity of修饰可数或不可数修饰可数或不可数名词名词,其短语作主语时其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单谓语动词用单数。数。e.g.A large quantity of people is needed here.第第38页页quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时其短语作主语时,谓语动词普通用复数。谓语动词普通用复数。如如:Quantities of food(nuts)were on the table.短语短语in quantity,in large quantities 意意为为“大量大量”;in small quantities 意为意为“少许少许”。第第39页页4.a great deal of,a large amount of,修饰修饰不可数名词不可数名词,其短语作主语时其短语作主语时,谓语动谓语动词通惯用单数词通惯用单数;large amounts of修饰不修饰不可数名词可数名词,其短语作主语时其短语作主语时,谓语动词谓语动词通惯用复数。通惯用复数。如如:第第40页页A large amount of(A great deal of)damage was done in a very short time.Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.第第41页页5.表示数量表示数量one and a half后后,名词要用名词要用复数形式复数形式,不过其短语作主语时不过其短语作主语时,谓谓语动词用单数形式。语动词用单数形式。如：如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.第第42页页6.假如主语由假如主语由“the+形容词形容词(或过去分词或过去分词)”结构担任时结构担任时,谓语通惯用复数谓语通惯用复数,这类词有这类词有:the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the young,the old,the sick,the dead,the deaf and dub,the oppressed,the injured,the wounded,the unemployed 等等;但也有少但也有少数过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别数过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用则用单数。单数。如：如：第第43页页The blind study in special school.The departed(死者死者)was a well-known engineer.这类形容词或分词假如要表示个体时这类形容词或分词假如要表示个体时,就要与名词就要与名词man,person或表示人单数或表示人单数连用。连用。如如:an old man,a rich person,the(a)wounded soldier.第第44页页Help Xiaoshun choose the correct verb form in this letter.Dear Xiaoyu,I think everyone _(is/are)settled in London,although neither the weather nor the food _(is/are)good.Either rain or snow fell ever day this week but everybody _(has/have)tried to ignore it.isishas第第45页页My friends and my mother _(has/have)visited almost all the museums in London.None of them _(carry/carries)an umbrella but nobody _(has/have)let that affect their activities.We are enjoying ourselves so much that I wonder if anybody _(want/wants)to come home.This grouphavecarry/carrieshaswants第第46页页of tourists _(love/loves)the culture and _(is/are)happy in England and would like to visit London every summer.loveare第第47页页1.All we need_ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.A.are B.was C.is D.were第第48页页2.The famous musician,as well as his students,_ to perform at the opening ceremony of the Taipei Flower Expo.A.were invited B.was invited C.have been invited D.has been invited第第49页页3.Generally,students inner motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development.A.is B.are C.was D.were 第第50页页Finish the exercises on Page 5 and 43.第第51页页第第52页页